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3.
Eur J Nutr ; 52(2): 695-703, 2013 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22618893

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Iron and vitamin D deficiencies are two of the most widespread nutritional disorders in the world. Our aim was to know whether the consumption of an iron-fortified fruit juice modifies bone remodelling and the possible influence of baseline vitamin D status on the recovery of iron status in a group of iron-deficient women. METHODS: Iron biomarkers, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and dietary intake were measured in 123 iron-deficient menstruating women. A subgroup (n = 41) participated in a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study of 16-weeks during winter. They consumed a placebo fruit juice (P) or iron-fortified fruit juice (F). Dietary intake, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathormone (PTH), bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aminoterminal telopeptide of collagen I (NTX) and iron biomarkers were determined. RESULTS: Ninety-two per cent of the iron-deficient women were vitamin D deficient or insufficient. Transferrin saturation and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were positively correlated. Iron status improved in F, 25-hydroxyvitamin D decreased in F and P, and PTH, ALP and NTX levels were within the normal range and did not vary. Women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥ 50 nmol/L compared with 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 50 nmol/L showed a higher increase in transferrin saturation (a marker of iron supply to tissues) during iron recovery. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is very high in iron-deficient women. The recovery of iron status by consuming an iron-fortified food does not affect 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels; however, the increase in iron supply to tissues is lower if the women also present vitamin D deficiency. Although bone health does not seem to be affected in this group of women, correction of iron and vitamin D deficiencies should be promoted in young women to improve present and future health.


Subject(s)
Bone Remodeling/drug effects , Food, Fortified/analysis , Iron, Dietary/administration & dosage , Iron, Dietary/blood , Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/blood , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/complications , Beverages , Biomarkers/blood , Body Mass Index , Double-Blind Method , Energy Intake , Female , Humans , Nutritional Status , Parathyroid Hormone/blood , Phosphopeptides/blood , Prevalence , Procollagen/blood , Seasons , Transferrin/analysis , Transferrin/metabolism , Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives , Vitamin D/blood , Vitamin D Deficiency/blood , Vitamin D Deficiency/complications , Young Adult
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