[The correlation of results of breath analysers and laboratory blood examinations of blood-ethanol concentration (Czech and Slovak study)]. / Mezirepubliková Cesko-Slovenská studie korelace výsledku dechových analyzátoru a výsledku laboratorní analýzy pri zjistování hladiny alkoholu v krvi.

The target of this study was to compare the results of breath analysers and "lege artis" laboratory blood examinations when determining alcohol levels. This was then used to determine whether any differences exist between the two methods, and how large these differences are. 610 cases from 11 workplaces in the Czech Republic and Slovakia were analysed. The type of breath analyser was not taken into consideration. All cases had to be in the elimination phase. Difference of time between breath test and blood test were rectified through the use of reverse recomputation. It was detected that only 20.8% of the results of respiratory analyser tests correspond to the detected real alcohol level in blood. The maximum difference when a respiratory analyser measured more than a blood test was 1.34 g x kg(-1). and the maximum difference when the analyse measured less was 1.86 g x kg(-1).

[Contribution to the problem of acute methanol poisoning]. / Príspevek k problematice akutní otravy metanolem.

The thanatological problem of acute methanol intoxications, similarly as the method of laboratory assessment, are urgent issues. Absolute levels of methanol concentration in blood are from the aspect of prognosis and lethal course resp. less important than the pH of blood and the value of the "base excess" [BE] on the one hand and cerebral oedema on the other hand. In 33 cases of acute methanol poisoning [including 12 fatal ones] the authors recorded survival at a maximum methanol blood concentration of 2.59 0/00 with pH values of 7.27 and BE -14, while death occurred already at a concentration of 0.70 0/00, pH 6.86 and BE -20.2. The authors consider pH values below 7.0 with BE values below -20 as critical. To concurrent administration of ethanol, even if administered on therapeutic grounds, due attention must be devoted. For detection and assessment of methanol in the blood stream and other biological fluids gas chromatography, "head space" technique, and diethyl ketone as an internal standard proved most useful. The authors demonstrate macroscopic and microscopic findings in organs of the deceased patients.

[Toxicologic investigation of toluene poisoning]. / Toxikologické vysetreni pri otravách toluenem.

The authors present six selected cases of toluene poisoning to illustrate the present state of toxicological investigations of toluene intoxication at their own place of work.

[Routine chemical-toxicological examination in fata poisoning through organophosphates]. / Rutinní chemické toxikologické vysetrení pri smrtelné otrave organofosfáty.

The authors describe in their work methods of isolation of organophosphate insecticides from biological material--the isolation of the effective substance proper as well as of the solvent. They detect organophosphates by means of chromatography on a thin leyer and in one instance also by gas chromatography. In conjunction with chromatography on a thin leyer they discuss methods of detection according to the chemical structure of the substances searched for and submit their own modification of detection based on inhibition of acetylcholine esterase. They detect the solvent in insecticides in biological materials by means of gas chromatography.