ABSTRACT
Endosporin is used in veterinary for the prophylaxis and treatment of disbacteriosis, intestinal infections, festering wounds and postpartum pyoinflammatory complications in agricultural animals. The probiotic is based on two Bacillus strains which inhibit growth of a broad spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms and synthesise proteolytic enzymes and other biologically active secondary metabolites, particularly - polysaccharides. The activity of these two strains was supplementary. For the species identification of these strains, sequences of 16S rRNA genes and fatty acid content of cell walls were analysed. It was found that the both strains belong to B. velezensis. Limitations of application of 16S rRNA sequences for identification of closely related species are discussed in the paper. A method of 16S rRNA sequence profiling by polymorphic nucleotides was proposed. It was also shown that usefulness of Bacillus strains in probiotics is mostly based on their unique strain specific properties rather than on general species characteristics.
Subject(s)
Antibiosis/genetics , Bacillus/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , RNA, Bacterial/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Bacillus/classification , Bacillus/metabolism , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Base Pairing , Candida albicans/drug effects , Candida albicans/growth & development , Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/growth & development , Fatty Acids/analysis , Inverted Repeat Sequences , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleotides/chemistry , Nucleotides/genetics , Phylogeny , Probiotics/metabolism , Probiotics/pharmacology , RNA, Bacterial/classification , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/classification , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Species Specificity , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/growth & developmentABSTRACT
The quantitative and species composition of bifidoflora of intestinal content of people of different age groups has been studied. It was established that B. longum subsp. infantis, B. bifidum, B. brev, B. longum subsp. longum and B. dentium were the dominant species of intestinal bifidoflora of people of all ages. The dependence of the species composition of intestinal bifidobacteria on the human age was shown. A decrease of species diversity of bifidobacteria in elderly people was observed.
Subject(s)
Bifidobacterium/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Gastrointestinal Tract/microbiology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Bifidobacterium/classification , Bifidobacterium/isolation & purification , Child, Preschool , Colony Count, Microbial , Feces/microbiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Composition of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in raw milk and home-made milk products has been analyzed using real-time PCR (quantitative PCR) with genus-specific primers to Enterococcus, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria. Bacteria belonging to these genera have been revealed in all samples analyzed (milk, sour cream, cottage cheese). It has been shown that the representatives of Enterococcus and Lactobacillus genera dominated in the samples analyzed (10(3)-10(7) genome equivalent/ml (mg)). The largest number of these microorganisms (10(7) genome equivalent/mg) has been detected in cottage cheese.
Subject(s)
Bifidobacterium/genetics , Cheese/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Enterococcus/genetics , Lactobacillus/genetics , Milk/microbiology , Animals , Bifidobacterium/isolation & purification , Calibration , Colony Count, Microbial , DNA Primers/genetics , Enterococcus/isolation & purification , Food Microbiology , Lactic Acid/metabolism , Lactobacillus/isolation & purification , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methodsABSTRACT
The electrophoretic mobility of seven erythrocyte enzymes and spectra of fragments amplified by RAPD-PCR with primers UBC-85 and UBC-126 were comparatively analyzed in domestic horse and Przewalski's horse. All tested genetic markers were classified into two groups differing in their involvement in differentiation of the two closely related horse species. Markers from different groups differed neither in their type (a polymorphic protein or an amplification product) nor in their biochemical role (for enzymes).
Subject(s)
Animals, Domestic/genetics , DNA/genetics , Horses/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Animals , Animals, Domestic/blood , Erythrocytes/enzymology , Horses/blood , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
The investigation of genetic interrelation between a number of Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla species with the use of different types of molecular-genetic markers (proteins, RAPD-PCR) were carried out. The marker-specific features of interspecific relations and their similarities on the groups of markers of both types were revealed. The distinctions between interspecies genetic relations and ones estimated from the phylogeny on the determined group of different types of markers were observed. It was supposed that these discrepancies may be related with common selection factors and involving this marker group in selection in some species.
Subject(s)
Artiodactyla/genetics , Perissodactyla/genetics , Proteins/genetics , Animals , Artiodactyla/classification , Genetic Markers/genetics , Molecular Biology , Perissodactyla/classification , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
The comparative analysis of experimental amplification spectrum in 13 Ungulata species and counting ones in DNA sequences of different taxa in GenBank (mammalian, other vertebrate, invertebrate, viruses, prokaryote) with the uses of RAPD-PCR primers UBC-85 and UBC-126 was carried out. The particularities of the distribution of amplicons' frequencies in experimental and counting spectrums were revealed, for some of them the similar increased frequencies in mammalian and prokaryotic species were observed.
