Micro-meso structure NaP zeolite @TiO2 nanocomposite: eco-friendly photocatalyst for simultaneous removal COD and degradation of methylene blue under solar irradiation.

A low-cost NaP zeolite@TiO2 nanocomposite catalyst with zeolite Si/Al ratio lower than three were synthesized for the first time under hydrothermal condition. The nanocomposites were characterized by different methods such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), N2 physisorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), fluorescence microscopy, thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) and zeta potential analysis. The results showed that a micro-meso structure NaP zeolite with higher surface area and acidity with respect to pure zeolite was prepared. TiO2 nanoparticle was dispersed over the whole of zeolite without aggregation. A reduction of the TiO2 bandgap nanoparticle was observed from DRS spectra. The photocatalytic activity of low-cost NaP zeolite@TiO2 nanocomposite was tested for simultaneous methylene blue dye (MB) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) under solar and ultraviolet light. The result showed that the nanocomposite catalyst has great potential (above 90%) for COD removal discolouring of MB (about 99.6%) at room temperature. The optimum amount of some parameters such as the loaded amount of TiO2 (0.36 g), catalyst dosage (0.1 g), time (2 h), initial dye concentration (100 mg/L), solution pH value (about 7) under solar light were considered. In addition, present negative charge in the surface that show in zeta potential confirm the high activity of catalyst to interaction with cationic dye. As a further advantage, the NaP zeolite@TiO2 nanocomposite was easier to be separated in aqueous media than the pure TiO2 powders, making possible the reuse several times (over five runs) without using oxidant. Finally, the NaP zeolite@TiO2 nanocomposite was used for COD abatement in wastewater from two real industrial streams. The MB degradation kinetics were fitted by a pseudo-first-order model with K = 0.534 h-1.

Effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation technique on anxiety caused by Covid-19 in pregnant women: A randomized clinical trial.

AIM: To determine the effectiveness of the progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) technique on anxiety caused by Covid-19 in pregnant women under the auspices of comprehensive health service centers in the nineteenth district of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. METHOD: This study is a randomized clinical trial. A total of 126 pregnant women were randomly allocated to the intervention group (N = 63) and control group (N = 63). All participants completed demographic questionnaires and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale electronically. The intervention was held in six sessions through Sky Room (three times a week). It consisted of training and practicing the PMR. The intervention group was re-evaluated with the related questionnaires immediately after the intervention and 2 weeks later, and the control group 2 and 4 weeks after the baseline. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the control and intervention groups at the baseline (P = .05). Nevertheless, analysis of variance test results showed that the difference between the intervention and control groups was found to be significantly different statistically; (22.92 ± 6.07) for intervention versus (28.13 ± 6.93) for control, with the second follow up (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Progressive muscle relaxation is used as a useful intervention to reduce anxiety in pregnant women during coronavirus pandemics educated and recommended with more emphasis and sensitivity in pregnancy care by healthcare providers.

Eco-friendly chitosan Schiff base as an efficient sensor for trace anion detection.

Herein, a chitosan Schiff base sample (CSAN) was strategically designed and prepared via a two-step process. In the first step, an azo derivative of 1- naphthylamine namely, [2-hydroxy-5-(naphthalene-1-yldiazenyl) benzaldehyde] (HNDB) was synthesized as an aldehyde moiety. Then the condensation reaction of HNDB with chitosan afforded CSAN as the target product. Structural analyses of synthesized material were accomplished through FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis, XRD, TGA, and SEM spectral methods. Meanwhile, the heterogeneous CSAN was able to detect the presence of hydrogen carbonate (HCO3-), acetate (AcO-), and cyanide (CN-) anions in semi-aqueous media (H2O/DMSO; 10:90%, v/v). Moreover, the selectivity of CSAN towards CN- anion was increased through variation in solvent mixture ratios. Thereupon, CSAN was explored as a promising sensor towards CN- anion in an aqueous media through considerable color variation from colorless to pale yellow as well as quantitative chemical analysis. Overall, reliable CSAN chemosensor with high sensitivity for mentioned anions has a pivotal role in practical applications owing to it's reversibility ability.

Simultaneous measurement of hydrogen carbonate and acetate anions using biologically active receptor based on azo derivatives of naphthalene.

A novel receptor based on azo-derivatives of 1-naphthylamine (2-((E)-((4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)-4-((E)-naphthalene-1-yldiazenyl)phenol(2) abbreviated CTNP was successfully designed and synthesized. Its sensing properties were studied deeply. Systematic studies of CTNP with HCO3- and AcO- anions in DMSO disclosed that there is hydrogen-bonding between CTNP and incoming anions. Significant changes in the visible region of the spectrum, as well as a drastic color change of CTNP from pale yellow to red, observed due to interaction as mentioned earlier. The stoichiometry of [CTNP: HCO3- or AcO-] complexes and association constants determined through Job's method and Benesi-Hildebrand (B-H) plot, respectively. Taking into account the analysis results, CTNP performs the selective recognition of sub-millimolar concentrations of HCO3- and AcO- efficiently. The antifungal activity of the receptor was tested against Aspergillus brasiliensis and Aspergillus niger. CTNP exhibited excellent antifungal activity against both strains. CTNP also represented antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermidis. It was cleared that designed receptor can be applied under physiological conditions for a long duration.

Simultaneous removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and bacteria from aqueous solution using amino-functionalized Fe3O4/NaP zeolite nanocomposite.

Fe3O4/NaP nanocomposite was synthesized and modified using 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTS)-functionalization. Fe3O4/NaP/NH2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and thermogravimetric analysis techniques. Batch adsorption studies of Pb(II) and Cd(II) on Fe3O4/NaP/NH2 were investigated. The effect of experimental parameters (including pH, adsorbent dose, heavy metals' concentration, adsorption time and temperature) was studied. The results indicated that Fe3O4/NaP/NH2 have a high removal percent for Pb(II) and Cd(II) (more than 95%). The metal-loaded Fe3O4/NaP/NH2 nanocomposite could be recovered from the aqueous solution by magnetic separation and regenerated easily by acid treatment. The experimental data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich (DKR) isotherm models. The Langmuir equation showed a better correlation with the experimental data than the other two models. The adsorption kinetics data were found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for Pb(II) and pseudo-first-order for Cd(II). The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) were measured and the negative value of Gibbs energy indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous in nature. The in vitro antibacterial activity of Fe3O4/NaP/NH2 composites before and after removal of metals show good inhibition on bacterial growth against Bacillus subtilis (as Gram-positive bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (as Gram-negative bacteria), and the antibacterial activity of it comparison with standard drugs.

Biopsychosocial etiology of premenstrual syndrome: A narrative review.

INTRODUCTION: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most prevalent disorders at reproductive age and has a negative impact on emotions and performance of women. Since various factors play a role in the development of this syndrome, the present study was aimed to examine biopsychosocial etiology of PMS in the form of a narrative review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relevant studies were collected based on the three subjects of biological, psychological, and social etiologies during 1987-2015. First, Medical Subject Headings was used to specify the relevant keywords such as biological, psychological, social, and premenstrual syndrome which were used to search Internet databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, PMDR, Ovid, Magiran, and Iranmedex, which led to collection of 1 book and 26 Persian and English articles. RESULTS: The results were classified into three sections. In the biological section, the effect and role of sex hormones and their changes in PMS were examined. In the psychological section, hypotheses on PMS and the role of psychological problems in the development of PMS were examined. In the social section, the role and social, religious, and cultural position of women and its relationship with PMS were examined. CONCLUSION: To reduce negative experiences of PMS, it is recommended that girls should be provided with necessary scientific information on puberty and premenstrual health. The results showed that paying attention to the complaint on premenstrual symptoms is significant in women's comprehensive assessment, and it plays an essential role in diagnosing psychological and physical annoying diseases.

Rapid detection of HSO4- in water: Novel immobilized azo-azomethine colorimetric anion receptors on solid supports.

The immobilized azo-azomethine receptors on amorphous SiO2, S-B, SiO2 nanoparticles, S-NPs, and NaY zeolite, S-ZY, have been prepared and applied as solid phase sensors for detection of HSO4-, over other interfering anions, in 100% aqueous media. Remarkably, S-B and S-ZY show unique and rapid sensitivity towards HSO4-, which could it easily visualized through naked eye detection even at 5×10-4molL-1 and 4×10-4molL-1, respectively. The fabricated solid phase sensors were characterized using powder XRD diffraction, TGA-DTA, FE-SEM and also FT-IR techniques. Moreover, the related molecular anion receptor, HL, has been prepared and used for naked eye detection of F- and AcO-, in dry DMSO. The anions recognition ability of HL was also evaluated using UV-Vis and 1H NMR spectroscopic methods.

Synthesis and study the controlled release of etronidazole from the new PEG/NaY and PEG/MCM-41 nanocomposites.

Recently, hybrid materials using poly ethylene glycol and porous nanocrystals have been developed for drug release. In this study, a series of poly ethylene glycol (PEG)/NaY zeolite and PEG/MCM-41 nanocomposites get synthesized. These materials are characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, TGA and SEM. After loading the metronidazole onto these nanocomposites, the release of Metronidazole was studied in two kinds of release fluids simulating body fluid KH2PO4-Na2HPO4 buffer (pH = 7.4) and gastric fluid (HCl aqueous solution, pH = 1.5) while controlling the time, pH values, and temperature using UV-vis. Results showed that these nanocomposites have further release related to NaY, MCM-41 and the order of release in two pH solutions was PEG/NaY > PEG/MCM-41 > NaY > MCM-41. The behavior of drug release in these nanocomposites is probably due to hydrogen bonding interactions between drug and the hydroxyl group on the composite framework.

Simultaneous determination of tryptophan, uric acid and ascorbic acid at iron(III) doped zeolite modified carbon paste electrode.

A new chemically modified electrode is constructed based on iron(III) doped zeolite modified carbon paste electrode (Fe(3+)Y/ZCME). The electrode was evaluated as a sensor for sub-micromolar determination of tryptophan (Trp), uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) in aqueous solutions. The measurements were carried out by application of the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method in phosphate buffer solution with pH 3.5. Iron(III) loaded in zeolite can increase anodic peak currents by adsorption of Trp, UA and AA on electrode surface The analytical performance was evaluated with respect to the carbon paste composition, pH of solution, accumulation time and accumulation potential. The prepared electrode shows voltammetric responses with high sensitivity and selectivity for Trp, UA and AA in optimal conditions, which makes it very suitable for simultaneous determination of these compounds. The linear calibration range for AA in the presence of 50 microM UA and 50 microMTrp was 0.6 microM to 100 microM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992, and a detection limit of 0.21 microM (S/N=3). A linear relationship was found for UA in the range of 0.3-700 microM containing 10 microM AA and 50 microM Trp, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9990 and a detection limit of 0.08 microM. The linear calibration range for Trp in the presence of 10 microM AA and 50 microM UA was 0.2-150 microM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996, and a detection limit of 0.06 microM. The proposed method was successfully applied for determination Trp, UA and AA in biological systems and pharmaceutical samples.

Simultaneous voltammetric determination of morphine and noscapine by adsorptive differential pulse stripping method and least-squares support vector machines.

An adsorptive differential pulse stripping method for the simultaneous determination of morphine and noscapine is proposed. The procedure involves an adsorptive accumulation of morphine and noscapine on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE), followed by oxidation of adsorbed morphine and noscapine by voltammetric scan using differential pulse modulation. The optimum experimental conditions are: pH 10.0, accumulation potential of -100 mV versus Ag/AgCl, accumulation time of 150 s, scan rate of 40 mV s(-1) and pulse height of 100 mV. Morphine and noscapine peak currents were observed in same potential region at about +0.25 V. The simultaneous determination of morphine and noscapine by using voltammetry is a difficult problem in analytical chemistry, due to voltammogram interferences. The resolution of mixture of morphine and noscapine by the application of least-squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) was performed. The linear dynamic ranges were 0.01-3.10 and 0.015-2.75 microg mL(-1) and detection limits were 3 and 7 ng mL(-1) for morphine and noscapine, respectively. The capability of the method for the analysis of real samples was evaluated by the determination of morphine and noscapine in addict's human plasma with satisfactory results.