ABSTRACT
EpsteinâBarr virus (EBV) is a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the family Orthoherpesviridae that is associated with the development of various tumors, such as lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and gastric cancer. There are no uniformly effective treatments for human EBV infection, and vaccines and immunotherapies are currently the main research directions. The glycoproteins gB and gH/gL are surface glycoproteins that are common to all herpesviruses, with subtle differences in structure and function between different viruses. The core membrane fusion machinery constituted by EBV gB and gH/gL is an important target of neutralizing antibodies in epithelial EBV infection due to its essential role in the fusion of viral and target cell membranes. In this article, we review the main modes of EBV infection, the structure and function of the core fusion machinery gB and gH/gL, and the development of neutralizing antibodies and prophylactic vaccines based on this target.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Neutralizing , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Viral Envelope Proteins , Humans , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/prevention & control , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/immunology , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/virology , Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology , Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology , Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics , Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology , Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Virus Internalization , Animals , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Viral Proteins/immunology , Viral Proteins/genetics , Membrane Glycoproteins , Molecular ChaperonesABSTRACT
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and glycosylation of proteins is associated with precancerous lesions and carcinogenesis of NPC, and viral glycoproteins mediates the fusion of viruses with B cells or epithelial cells in the infection stage, promoting the conversion of normal epithelial cells into cancer cells. In the process of occurrence and development of NPC, various glycoproteins in the body promote or inhibit the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of tumor cells, such as the tumor inhibitory effect of NGX6 and inhibin B (INHBB); the cancer-promoting effect of tenascin-C (TNC), fibronectin 1 (FN1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3), serglycin, and its core protein; and some effects of glycosylation of immune proteins on immunotherapy in NPC. This article provides an overview of the research progress on the interaction of glycoproteins associated with EBV infection with the occurrence and development of NPC.
