ABSTRACT
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and cancer relapse accounts for the majority of cancer mortality. The mechanism is still unknown, especially in hereditary lung cancer without known actionable mutations. To identify genetic alternations involved in hereditary lung cancer and relapse is urgently needed. We collected genetic materials from a unique hereditary lung cancer patient's blood, first cancer tissue (T1), adjacent normal tissue (N1), relapse cancer tissue (T2), and adjacent normal tissue (N2) for whole genome sequencing. We identified specific mutations in T1 and T2, and attributed them to tumorigenesis and recurrence. These tumor specific variants were enriched in antigen presentation pathway. In addition, a lung adenocarcinoma cohort from the TCGA dataset was used to confirm our findings. Patients with high mutation burdens in tumor specific genes had decreased relapse-free survival (P = 0.017, n = 186). Our study may provide important insight for designing immunotherapeutic treatment for hereditary lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics , Whole Genome Sequencing/methods , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/mortality , Adult , Aged , Antigen Presentation , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Cohort Studies , Female , Gene Regulatory Networks , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Germ-Line Mutation , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Male , Middle Aged , Mutation, Missense , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
This article was not made open access when initially published online, which was corrected before print publication. In addition, ORCID links were missing for 12 authors and have been added to the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
ABSTRACT
The genus Oryza is a model system for the study of molecular evolution over time scales ranging from a few thousand to 15 million years. Using 13 reference genomes spanning the Oryza species tree, we show that despite few large-scale chromosomal rearrangements rapid species diversification is mirrored by lineage-specific emergence and turnover of many novel elements, including transposons, and potential new coding and noncoding genes. Our study resolves controversial areas of the Oryza phylogeny, showing a complex history of introgression among different chromosomes in the young 'AA' subclade containing the two domesticated species. This study highlights the prevalence of functionally coupled disease resistance genes and identifies many new haplotypes of potential use for future crop protection. Finally, this study marks a milestone in modern rice research with the release of a complete long-read assembly of IR 8 'Miracle Rice', which relieved famine and drove the Green Revolution in Asia 50 years ago.
