ABSTRACT
Background: To explore the biological effects of CASC11 on aggravating diabetic nephropathy (DN) by regulating FoxO1 (forkhead transcription factor O1). Methods: Serum levels of CASC11 and FoxO1 in DN patients were detected. The possibility of CASC11 in predicting the onset of DN was analyzed by depicting ROC curves. Correlation between CASC11 and FoxO1 was evaluated by Pearson correlation test. After intervening CASC11 and FoxO1 levels, we found that changes in proliferative and migratory abilities in high glucose (HG)induced kidney mesangial cells were determined respectively. Protein levels of TGF-ß1 and Smads regulated by both CASC11 and FoxO1 were examined by Western blot.
ABSTRACT
Owing to the symbiotic relationship between the microbiota and the human body, the microbiome is considered a "second human genome". Microorganisms are inextricably associated with human diseases and can affect the host phenotype. In the present study, 25 female patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) undergoing hemodialysis in our hospital and 25 healthy subjects were recruited. The structure of the oral microbiota of the study participants was analyzed using the MiSeq PE300 sequencing platform and high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing. The microbiota was compared between the groups using QIIME and the stats package in R. In total, 1,336 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained, and the relative frequencies of 450 OTUs differed significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05), indicating that the samples were rich in OTUs. A comparison of ß-diversity indicated a significant difference in the microbial community structure between the two groups (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the biological diversity of the oral microbiota was highly correlated with CKD5. In this experiment, 189 genera, with significant differences in abundance between the groups (P < 0.05), were found. Furthermore, differences in the structure of the oral microbiota were observed between the groups at the phylum, class, order, family, and genus levels. Collectively, an imbalance in the oral microbiota may accelerate the progression of CKD and cause additional complications.
ABSTRACT
The gut microbiota can affect human metabolism, immunity, and other biologic pathways through the complex gut-kidney axis (GKA), and in turn participate in the occurrence and development of kidney disease. In this study, 39 patients with stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 40 healthy individuals were recruited and 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the V3-V4 conserved regions of their microbiota. A total of 795 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) shared between groups or specific to each group were obtained, among which 255 OTUs with significant differences between the two groups were identified (P<0.05). Adonis differential analysis showed that the diversity of gut microbiota was highly correlated with CKD stages 4-5. Additionally, 61 genera with differences in the two groups were identified (P<0.05) and 111 species with significant differences in the phyla, classes, orders, families, and genera between the two groups were identified (P<0.05). The differential bacterial genera with the greatest contribution were, in descending order: c_Bacteroidia, o_Bacteroidales, p_Bacteroidetes, c_Clostridia, o_Clostridiales, etc. Those with the greatest contribution in stages 4-5 CKD were, in descending order: p_Proteobacteria, f_Enterobacteriaceae, o_Enterobacteriales, c_Gammaproteobacteria, c_Bacilli, etc. The results suggest that the diversity of the microbiota may affect the occurrence, development, and outcome of the terminal stages of CKD.
