Bulk Operator Reconstruction in Topological Tensor Network and Generalized Free Fields.

In this paper, we study operator reconstruction in a class of holographic tensor networks describing renormalization group flows studied in arXiv:2210.12127. We study examples of 2D bulk holographic tensor networks constructed from Dijkgraaf-Witten theories and find that for both the Zn group and the S3 group, the number of bulk operators behaving like a generalized free field in the bulk scales as the order of the group. We also generalize our study to 3D bulks and find the same scaling for Zn theories. However, there is no generalized free field when the bulk comes from more generic fusion categories such as the Fibonacci model.

Construction of a Two-Dimensional GO/Ti3C2TX Composite Membrane and Investigation of Mg2+/Li+ Separation Performance.

Graphene oxide (GO) two-dimensional (2D) membranes with unique layer structures and tunable layer spacing have special advantages and great potential in the field of water treatment. However, GO membranes face the issues of weak anti-swelling ability as well as poor permeability. We prepared GO/Ti3C2TX 2D composite membranes with 2D/2D structures by intercalating Ti3C2TX nanosheets with slightly smaller sizes into GO membranes. Ti3C2TX intercalation can effectively expand the layer spacing of GO, thereby substantially enhancing the flux of the composite membrane (2.82 to 6.35 L·m-2·h-1). Moreover, the GO/Ti3C2TX composite membrane exhibited a good Mg2+/Li+ separation capability. For the simulated brine, the separation factor of M2 was 3.81, and the salt solution flux was as high as 5.26 L·m-2·h-1. Meanwhile, the incorporation of Ti3C2TX nanosheets significantly improved the stability of GO/Ti3C2TX membranes in different pH environments. This study provides a unique insight into the preparation of highly permeable and ion-selective GO membranes.

Sex-specific transcription and DNA methylation landscapes of the Asian citrus psyllid, a vector of huanglongbing pathogens.

The relationship of DNA methylation and sex-biased gene expression is of high interest, it allows research into mechanisms of sexual dimorphism and the development of potential novel strategies for insect pest control. The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is a major vector for the causative agents of Huanglongbing (HLB), which presents an unparalleled challenge to citrus production worldwide. Here, we identify the X chromosome of D. citri and investigate differences in the transcription and DNA methylation landscapes between adult virgin males and females. We find a large number of male-biased genes on the autosomes and a depletion of such on the X chromosome. We have also characterized the methylome of D. citri, finding low genome-wide levels, which is unusual for an hemipteran species, as well as evidence for both promoter and TE methylation. Overall, DNA methylation profiles are similar between the sexes but with a small number of differentially methylated genes found to be involved in sex differentiation. There also appears to be no direct relationship between differential DNA methylation and differential gene expression. Our findings lay the groundwork for the development of novel epigenetic-based pest control methods, and given the similarity of the D. citri methylome to some other insect species, these methods could be applicable across agricultural insect pests.

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated meningoencephalitis due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Although myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disorders include a wide spectrum of syndromes, manifestations with meningoencephalitis symptoms due to M. pneumoniae infection were quite infrequent. We admitted an 8-years-old girl who presented with recurrent fever accompanied by headache and mild cough, her Cerebral spinal fluid polynucleated cells was elevated and progressively higher, her cranial MRI showed meningeal enhancement initially and multiple intracranial lesions later, serum M. pneumoniae-IgM and MOG-IgG were positive, she was diagnosed with MOG-IgG associated meningoencephalitis due to M. pneumoniae infection, the treatment consisted of intravenous immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, and erythromycin, then she was completely recovered.

Fast synthesis of porous iron doped CeO2 with oxygen vacancy for effective CO2 photoreduction.

The activity of photocatalytic CO2 conversion to carbon-containing products is determined by the adsorption and activation of CO2 molecules on the surface of catalyst. Here, iron doped porous CeO2 with oxygen vacancy (PFeCe) was prepared by one-step combustion method. The amount of CO2 adsorbed via using the porous structure has been significantly increased in the case of a relatively small specific surface area and CO2 molecules are more easily captured and undergo a reduction reaction with photoinduced carriers. In addition, oxygen vacancies are formed in the iron doped CeO2 lattice as the active sites for CO2 reduction, which can form strong interactions with CO2 molecules, thereby effectively activating CO2 molecules. The reduction products of CO2 over PFeCe composite are CO and CH4, which is approximately 9.0 and 7.7 folds than that of CeO2. This work offers insights for the construction of efficient ceria-based photocatalysts to further achieve robust solar CO2 conversion.

Etiological distribution of pertussis-like syndrome in 756 children in Chengdu.

BACKGROUND: To analyze and summarize the etiological distribution of pertussis-like syndrome in children and to provide a basis for clinical treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 756 children with pertussis-like syndrome hospitalized at the Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine of Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, 2015 to 2019. The etiological features were classified and reviewed. RESULTS: Among 756 children with pertussis-like syndrome, 439 cases were positive for etiological agents Among the 439 cases, 268 cases were positive for bacterial agents (positive rate 35.45%), including 174 cases (65.25%) positive for Haemophilus influenza (H. influenza). There were 75 cases (9.92%) positive for viral antibodies, including 29 cases (accounting for 38.67% of all cases positive for viral infection) positive for the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). There were 243 cases (32.14%) positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) antibodies. As to the general distribution of infections, cases with infections caused by a single type of bacteria accounted for 20.63%; cases with M. pneumoniae infection accounted for 18.78%; and cases with bacterial infection combined with M. pneumoniae infection accounted for 8.73%. CONCLUSIONS: H. influenza, RSV, and M. pneumoniae were important pathogens causing pertussis-like syndrome in children. Bacterial infection, M. pneumoniae infection, and mixed infection caused by the two pathogens were the primary causes of pertussis-like syndrome in children.

Spontaneous remission of infantile spasms following rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Epileptic seizures might be provoked and/or exacerbated by fever or viral infection in children with epilepsy. However, this is not true for infantile spasms; in this study, we report three cases with infantile spasms became seizure free within 2-5 days following rotavirus gastroenteritis without an exchange or addition of antiepileptic drugs, and hypsarrhythmia evolved to diffuse slow waves or localized spikes on electroencephalography. We propose that the probability regarding the mechanism of spontaneous mitigation is the suppression of immunopathological processes caused by infection, while the possibility of ketogenic effects of diarrhea and intestinal flora recombination after rotavirus gastroenteritis is unlikely. Further study may provide important information concerning the mechanism of seizure control and the applicability to treatment for infantile spasms.

Transcriptome Analyses of Diaphorina citri Midgut Responses to Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus Infection.

The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is an important transmission vector of the citrus greening disease Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). The D. citri midgut exhibits an important tissue barrier against CLas infection. However, the molecular mechanism of the midgut response to CLas infection has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, we identified 778 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the midgut upon CLas infection, by comparative transcriptome analyses, including 499 upregulated DEGs and 279 downregulated DEGs. Functional annotation analysis showed that these DEGs were associated with ubiquitination, the immune response, the ribosome, endocytosis, the cytoskeleton and insecticide resistance. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that most of the DEGs were primarily involved in endocytosis and the ribosome. A total of fourteen DEG functions were further validated by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). This study will contribute to our understanding of the molecular interaction between CLas and D. citri.

Immune Functional Analysis of Chitin Deacetylase 3 from the Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri.

Chitin deacetylase (CDA) is a chitin degradation enzyme that strictly catalyzes the deacetylation of chitin to form chitosan, which plays an important role in regulating growth and development, as well as the immune response. In this study, a chitin deacetylase 3 gene (CDA3) was identified with a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 1362 bp from the genome database of Diaphorina citri, encoding a protein of 453 amino acids. Spatiotemporal expression analysis suggested that D. citri CDA3 (DcCDA3) had the highest expression level in the integument and third-instar nymph stage. Furthermore, DcCDA3 expression level can be induced by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Injection of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus induced the upregulation of DcCDA3 in the midgut, while DcCDA3 was downregulated in the fat body. After silencing DcCDA3 by RNA interference, there was no influence on the D. citri phenotype. In addition, bactericidal tests showed that recombinant DcCDA3 inhibited gram-positive bacteria, including S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). In conclusion, our results suggest that DcCDA3 might play an important role in the immune response of D. citri.

Silencing of the Chitin Synthase Gene Is Lethal to the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri.

Chitin synthase is a critical enzyme that catalyzes N-acetylglucosamine to form chitin, which plays an important role in the growth and development of insects. In this study, we identified a chitin synthase gene (CHS) with a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 3180 bp from the genome database of Diaphorina citri, encoding a protein of 1059 amino acid residues with the appropriate signature motifs (EDR and QRRRW). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis suggested that D. citri CHS (DcCHS) was expressed throughout all developmental stages and all tissues. DcCHS had the highest expression level in the integument and fifth-instar nymph stage. Furthermore, the effects of diflubenzuron (DFB) on D. citri mortality and DcCHS expression level were investigated using fifth-instar nymph through leaf dip bioassay, and the results revealed that the nymph exposed to DFB had the highest mortality compared with control group (Triton-100). Silencing of DcCHS by RNA interference resulted in malformed phenotypes and increased mortality with decreased molting rate. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) also revealed corresponding ultrastructural defects. Our results suggest that DcCHS might play an important role in the development of D. citri and can be used as a potential target for psyllid control.

[Investigation of sexual function in 623 patients with chronic prostatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of chronic prostatitis on premature ejaculation (PE) and erectile dysfunction (ED) and the correlation of chronic prostatitis with PE and ED. METHODS: We adopted NIH-CPSI, CISFPE and IIEF-5, interviewed 623 patients with chronic prostatitis, and recorded their scores on the above systems. RESULTS: The incidence of PE was 39.0% and the rates of the mild, moderate and severe types were 26.2%, 12.0% and 0.8%, respectively. It developed mostly among the younger patients, accounting for 42.9% (103/240), 37.0% (95/257) and 35.7% (45/126) in the 18-30, 30-40 and 40-57 yr age groups, respectively. The incidence of ED was 16.9% and the rates of the mild, moderate and severe types were 14.9%, 1.0% and 1.0%, respectively. It occurred mostly among the older patients, accounting for 13.8% (33/240), 11.3% (29/257) and 34.1% (43/126) in the 18-30, 30-40 and 40-57 yr age groups, respectively. Analyses revealed no significant correlation among the scores on NIH-CPSI, CISFPE and IIEF-5. CONCLUSION: There is a high incidence of PE and ED among patients with chronic prostatitis, but without significant correlation between the severity of chronic prostatitis and that of PE and ED.