ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify the association among nutritional status, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) and frailty, and to estimate the mediation effect of these conditions between age and frailty in a group of Mexico City nursing home residents. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study. Fried's phenotype criteria, Full Mini Nutritional Assessment, and General Oral Health Assessment Index was applied. RESULTS: The participants (n = 286) mean age was 82.4 (± 9.2) years. The prevalence of frailty was 58%, and the prevalence of malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition were 22.7% and 59.5%, respectively. A higher risk of frailty was associated with older age (p = 0.015), sex (women) (p = 0.041), poor nutritional status (p <0.001) and compromised OHRQoL (p <0.001). Approximately 40% of the effect of age on frailty was mediated by nutritional status and OHRQoL (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: A strong association between nutritional status and frailty was observed. Additionally, OHRQoL was associated with frailty. The effect of age on frailty was mediated by OHRQoL and nutritional status. Interventions targeted to improve nutritional status and oral health may contribute to preventing or delaying the onset of frailty.
Subject(s)
Frailty , Malnutrition , Humans , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Nutritional Status , Frailty/epidemiology , Frailty/complications , Quality of Life , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mexico/epidemiology , Geriatric Assessment , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Nutrition Assessment , Nursing HomesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to estimate basic anthropometric measurements in a group of elderly men and women from Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among senior citizens registered in the National Institute of the Elderly and National Institute of Social security in Mexico City. Standardized protocols were used to measure the anthropometric characteristics of the study group. The analysis included Student t tests to detect differences in average values between men and women in general and in each age subgroup formed. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis of the body mass index (BMI) with anthropometric variables was performed; p < 0.05 was taken as the level of significance. RESULTS: A total of 508 people aged 60 or older participated in the study; 230 were males and 278 were females. The average age was 66.9-years-old in the male group and 67.3-years-old in the female group. Among men the average weight was 70.7 kg, standard deviation (SD 9.9), height was 164 cm (SD 6.5) and BMI was 26.4 (SD 3.7). Among women the average weight was 60.8 kg (SD 9.9), height was 150 cm (SD 5.9) and BMI was 27.1 (SD 4.0). The distribution of the BMI showed that 50.9% of men and 54% of women were between 25.0 and 29.9. A correlation coefficient over r 0.70 (p < 0.001) was found between BMI and waist and hip circumferences. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the BMI about three-quarters of the population was overweight or obese. It is possible that the assessment of being overweight and of obesity in elderly people needs to be adjusted considering revised normality values.
