ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanistic effects of Yajieshaba (YJSB) on enhanced liver detoxification. METHODS: The effects of YJSB on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were assayed in five acute chemical liver injury models [carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), D-galactosamine (D-Glan), 4-acetamidophenol (AAP), thioacetamide (TAA) and 1-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)]. Sleep latency and sleep time of pentobarbital sodium were tested in control mice and CCl4 model miceafter oral YJSB administration. The effects of YJSB on drug metabolism enzymes of liver microsomes were tested in control rats and CCl4 model rats. The levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and Cyt b5 in liver microsomes were assayed using the method by Omura and Sato, and activities of erythromycin N-demethylase (ERD) and aminopyrine N-demethyl (ADM) were evaluated by Nash colorimetry. Probe substrate-based high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were established for CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. RESULTS: The level of serum ALT was reduced by YJSB at 3.51 g/kg in the five models as follows: CCl4 > D-Glan, AAP, ANIT > TAA. YJSB treatment did not reduce the level of serum AST. YJSB at 3.51 g/kg prolonged the sleep latency in control mice and shortened the sleep time of control mice and CCl4 model mice. For control rats, YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increased the levels of CYP450 and Cyt b5 and induced the activities of ERD and ADM; for liver injuries induced by CCl4 in rats, YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increased the levels of CYP450 and Cyt b5. These results suggest that YJSB at 2.43 g/kg induces CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that YJSB enhanced liver detoxification and the mechanisms may be partially related to CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 induction.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage , Liver Diseases/drug therapy , Liver/drug effects , Alanine Transaminase/genetics , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Animals , Aspartate Aminotransferases/genetics , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism , Humans , Inactivation, Metabolic , Liver/enzymology , Liver Diseases/enzymology , Liver Diseases/genetics , Male , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Mice , Rats , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of total flavonoids from Scutellaria amoena on the experimental arrhythmia.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Experimental animals anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate were evenly randomized into control group, positive control group, and low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose total flavonoids groups. The experimental arrhythmia ouabain-induced in guinea pigs and barium chloride or calcium chloride-induced in rats were observed and detected respectively. The result was converted into cumulative dosage of ouabain, in guinea pig model. In rat model, the duration of arrhythmia were detected.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>hold dosage of ventricular premature heat (VP) and ventricular fibrillation( VF) ouabain-induced in guinea pigs was markedly elevated, and the duration of ventricular tachycardia (VT) barium chloride-induced and VF calcium chloride-induced in rats was postponed by total flavonoids from S. amoena.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Total flavonoids from S. amoena has obvious protective effect on drug-induced arrhythmia.</p>
