[The mould onychomycosis in Morocco: about 150 isolated cases in 20 years]. / Les onychomycoses à moisissure au Maroc: à propos de 150 cas isolés en 20 ans.

INTRODUCTION: the involvement of moulds in the fungal ungueal pathology is very variable. In fact a big confusion reigns because of numerous errors in the clinico-biological diagnosis, which could be responsible for therapeutic failure of onychomycosis. AIMS OF STUDY: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative frequency of moulds involved in onychomycosis over a period of 20 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study, conducted at the laboratory of parasitology-mycology of the Ibn Sina hospital over a period of 20 years. The patients were referred by dermatologists or general practitioners for suspected onychomycosis. The samples were studied according to good rules for performing mycological analysis. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty cases of onychomycosis were diagnosed with mould, with global prevalency of 2.78%. They mainly concern the toes (95%) with a slight female predominance (60%). The total dystrophy of the nail was the predominant clinical representation (88.3%). Moulds isolated were Aspergillus spp. in 53 cases (35.3%) and Fusarium spp. in 45 cases (30%), 19 cases (12.7%) of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, 17 cases (11.3%) of Penicillium spp., 14 cases (9.3%) of Acremonium spp., one case of Onychocola canadensis (0.7%) and one case of Scytalidium dimitiatum (0.7%). CONCLUSION: A significant number of onychomycosis remains attributed to moulds, which highlights the contribution of the laboratory, which remains essential for the clinician to confirm the involvement of mould in onychomycosis, which allows taking into support early treatment avoiding the emergence of aesthetic complications.

[Tinea capitis etiology in Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat (Morocco)]. / Profil étiologique des teignes du cuir chevelu à l'hôpital Ibn Sina de Rabat (Maroc).

Tinea capitis (TC) is a contagious infection that affects mainly children and teenagers. A retrospective study was realized at the mycology-parasitology department of the Ibn Sina hospital in Rabat, Morocco. The study includes 125 cases of TC. The mean age is 12.73 ± 11.61 year. The isolation of TC is dominated by two species Trichophyton violaceum 76 (60.8%) and Microsporum canis 27 (21.6%). Trichophyton verrucosum was isolated only in male and all of rural origin. In adults over 18 years, the most isolated species is T. violaceum (six cases) in females. For the last thirty years, the epidemiological profile of TC remains almost the same in Morocco.