[Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension combined with diabetes in middle and elder population in Nan'an district of Chongqing].

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension combined with diabetes in the middle to elder population in the Nan'an district of Chongqing, and to provide evidence for formulating relevant prevention and control strategies. Methods: Middle or elder adults were enrolled by a Stratified multistage cluster sampling method. Questionnaire survey and the related measurements were conducted. The epidemiology of hypertension combined with diabetes was analyzed descriptively, and the risk or protective factors were analyzed by logistic regression method. Results: A total of 24 792 people were surveyed, with 1 547 patients identified as having hypertension combined with diabetes. The overall prevalence rate appeared as 6.2%, of which 6.0% in males and 6.4% in females, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension combined with diabetes in the general population was increasing with age (χ(2)=343.766, P<0.001). Factors as age, education, smoking, marital status, exercise, BMI, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were related to the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes. High density lipoprotein cholesterol appeared as a protective factor for hypertension combined with diabetes (OR=0.817, 95%CI: 0.715-0.934). Age, education, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and lack of exercise all appeared as risk factors for hypertension combined with diabetes (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence rate of hypertension combined with diabetes in the middle or elder adults in Nan'an of Chongqing seemed high. Attention should be paid to the health status of people being elderly, overweight or obese, low cultural level, smoking, triglyceride abnormality, total cholesterol abnormality and high low density lipoprotein cholesterol, so as to reduce the risk on hypertension combined with diabetes.

Plasma-based proteomics reveals lipid metabolic and immunoregulatory dysregulation in post-stroke depression.

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common psychiatric complication facing stroke survivors and has been associated with increased distress, physical disability, poor rehabilitation, and suicidal ideation. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PSD remain unknown, and no objective laboratory-based test is available to aid PSD diagnosis or monitor progression. METHODS: Here, an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic approach was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins in plasma samples obtained from PSD, stroke, and healthy control subjects. RESULTS: The significantly differentiated proteins were primarily involved in lipid metabolism and immunoregulation. Six proteins associated with these processes--apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV), apolipoprotein C-II (ApoC-II), C-reactive protein (CRP), gelsolin, haptoglobin, and leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG)--were selected for Western blotting validation. ApoA-IV expression was significantly upregulated in PSD as compared to stroke subjects. ApoC-II, LRG, and CRP expression were significantly downregulated in both PSD and HC subjects relative to stroke subjects. Gelsolin and haptoglobin expression were significantly dysregulated across all three groups with the following expression profiles: gelsolin, healthy control>PSD>stroke subjects; haptoglobin, stroke>PSD>healthy control. CONCLUSIONS: Early perturbation of lipid metabolism and immunoregulation may be involved in the pathophysiology of PSD. The combination of increased gelsolin levels accompanied by decreased haptoglobin levels shows promise as a plasma-based diagnostic biomarker panel for detecting increased PSD risk in post-stroke patients.

Evidence for Borna disease virus infection in neuropsychiatric patients in three western China provinces.

Borna disease virus (BDV) is a non-cytolytic, neurotropic RNA virus that can infect a wide variety of vertebrate species from birds and primates to humans. Several studies have been carried out to investigate whether BDV is associated with neuropsychiatric diseases. However, this association is still inconclusive. Two panels of subjects consisting of 1,679 various neuropsychiatric patients and healthy people from three western China provinces were enrolled in this study. BDV p24 or p40 RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were detected in the first panel of 1,481 subjects using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from the BDV RNA-positive individuals were subjected to BDV p24 antibodies testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BDV p24 or p40 RNA in PBMCs and p24 antibodies in plasma were detected in the second panel of 198 subjects by RT-qPCR and Western blot. A higher prevalence for BDV RNA was demonstrated in patients with viral encephalitis (6.70%), Guillain-Barré syndrome (6.70%), schizophrenia (9.90%) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) (12.70%) compared to healthy controls in the first panel. CSF p24 antibodies were demonstrated in three viral encephalitis patients, two schizophrenia patients and two major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. The prevalences of p24 antibodies in plasma from patients with viral encephalitis (13.24%), multiple sclerosis (25.00%) and Parkinson's disease (22.73%) were significantly higher than healthy controls. This study demonstrates that BDV infection also exists in humans from three western China provinces, and suggests the involvement of the contribution of BDV in the aetiology of Chinese patients with some neuropsychiatric disorders, including viral encephalitis, schizophrenia, CFS, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease.