Immunoglobulin G4-related disease in the sigmoid colon in patient with severe colonic fibrosis and obstruction: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition characterized by abundant IgG4 positive plasma cells and fibrosis in the affected tissues. It affects most parts of the body; however, there are not many reports on IgG4-RD involving the colon. CASE SUMMARY: A 50-year-old man complaining of intermittent fever for more than two years was referred to our hospital. Based on various investigations before surgery, we diagnosed him with chronic perforation of the sigmoid colon caused by inflammatory change or tumor. IgG blood tests before the operation suggested IgG4-RD, and postoperative pathology confirmed this prediction. CONCLUSION: We present a patient with IgG4-RD with colon involvement, which is an uncommon site. This report will expand the understanding of IgG4-RD in unknown tissues.

High Expression of GSDMC Is Associated with Poor Survival in Kidney Clear Cell Cancer.

This study is aimed at exploring the potential role of GSDMC in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). We analyzed the expression of GSDMC in 33 types of cancers in TCGA database. The results showed that the expression of GSDMC was upregulated in most cancers. We found a significant association between high expression of GSDMC and shortened patient overall survival, progression-free survival, and disease-specific survival. In vitro experiments have shown that the expression of GSDMC was significantly elevated in KIRC cell lines. Moreover, decreased expression of GSDMC was significantly associated with decreased cell proliferation. In summary, we believe that this study provides valuable data supporting future clinical treatment.

Co-circulation of coxsackieviruses A-6, A-10, and A-16 causes hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangzhou city, China.

BACKGROUND: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease occurring in children under 5 years of age worldwide, and Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA-16) are identified as the predominant pathogens. In recent years, Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA-6) and Coxsackievirus A10 (CVA-10) have played more and more important role in a series of HFMD outbreaks. This study aimed to understand the epidemic characteristics associated with HFMD outbreak in Guangzhou, 2018. METHODS: The clinical and laboratory data of 1220 enterovirus-associated HFMD patients in 2018 were analysed in this study. Molecular diagnostic methods were performed to identify its serotypes. Phylogenetic analyses were depicted based on the complete VP1 gene. RESULTS: There were 21 enterovirus serotypes detected in Guangzhou in 2018. Three serotypes of enterovirus, CVA-6 (364/1220, 29.8%), CVA-10 (305/1220, 25.0%), and CVA-16 (397/1220, 32.5%), were identified as the causative pathogens and accounted for 87.3% among all 1220 HFMD patients. In different seasons, CVA-6 was the predominant pathogen of HFMD during autumn, and CVA-10 as well as CVA-16 were more prevalent in summer. Patients infected by CVA-6, CVA-10 or CVA-16 showed similar clinical features and laboratory characteristics, and the ratios of severe HFMD were 5.8, 5.9, and 1.5% in the three serotypes. Phylogenetic analyses of VP1 sequences showed that the CVA-6, CVA-10, and CVA-16 sequences belonged to the sub-genogroup E2, genogroup E, and genogroup B1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: CVA-6, CVA-10, and CVA-16 were the predominant and co-circulated serotypes in Guangzhou China, 2018, which should be the new target for prevention and control of HFMD. Our findings provide useful information for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HFMD.

[Distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 826 healthy children aged 0-6 years].

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in healthy children aged 0-6 years. METHODS: A total of 826 healthy Han children aged 0-6 years were recruited. According to their age, the children were divided into four groups: newborn, infant, toddler and preschool. Their peripheral blood samples were collected to measure the percentages of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the percentages of CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD3-CD19+ B cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio between boys and girls (P<0.05). The girls had a lower percentage of CD3-CD19+ B cells, higher percentages of CD3+ T cells and CD3+CD4+ T cells and a higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio than the boys. The newborn group had the highest percentages of CD3+ T cells and CD3+CD4+ T cells and the highest CD4+/CD8+ ratio (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3+CD4+ T cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio gradually decreased with age and the preschool group had the lowest values (P<0.05). The newborn group had the lowest percentages of CD3-CD19+ B cells and CD3-CD16+CD56+ NK cells (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3-CD16+CD56+ NK cells gradually increased with age and the preschool group had the highest percentage (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3-CD19+ B cells reached the peak in the toddler period and then decreased with age (P<0.05). The preschool group had the highest percentage of CD3+CD8+ T cells (P<0.05). The variation trend of distribution of lymphocyte subsets in boys from different age groups was consistent with that in children from different age groups. For girls, the newborn group had the highest percentage of CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in healthy children is significantly different across ages and sexes. Therefore, the reference values should be established according to age and sex.

[Analysis of cell morphology and immunophenotypic characteristics in 47 cases of multiple myeloma].

OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the cell morphology and cell immune phenotypic characteristics in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS: The flow cytometry with multiparametric direct immunofluorescence technique, and CD45/SSC and CD38(+)(+)/CD138(+) gating were used to measure cell markers CD138, CD38, CD56, CD117, CD3, CD13, CD33, CD19, CD7, CD20, CD22, CD34, CD28 in 47 MM patients. At the same time the morphology examination of bone marrow cells was performed. RESULTS: The suspicious myeloma cell ratio in MM patients was 9.42%-74.25% detected by flow cytometry, moreover, the myeloma cell ratio detected by morphology examination was 11.0%-80.6%, there was a good correlation between the two detection methods (r(2) = 0.54, P < 0.001). The ratio of antigen positive expression was as follows: 74.46% for CD138, 100% for CD38, 57.44% for CD56, 40.42% for CD117, 6.38% for CD13, 19.15% for CD33, 8.51% for CD20, 27.66% for CD28, 2.12% for CD22, 4.25% for CD34, 0% for CD3, 0% for CD19, 0% for CD7. CONCLUSIONS: CD45/SSC and CD38(+)/CD138(+) gating technique can accurately gate multiple myeloma cell sets which need analysis, the majority of myeloma cells expreses CD138, CD38, CD56 antigens. The immunophenotypic analysis combined with the cell morphology examination more contribute to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

Growth inhibition of combined pathway inhibitors on KRAS mutated non-small cell lung cancer cell line / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of the selective PI3K inhibitor and MEK inhibitor on KRAS and PTEN co-mutated non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H157 and the relevant mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>NCI-H157 was cultured routinely and treated with different concentrations of the two inhibitors. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT cell cycle assay. Based on the MTT results the cells were divided into four groups: the control group, PI3K inhibitor group (GDC-0941, 0.5 and 5.0 µmol/L), combination group I (0.5 µmol/L AZD6244 + 0.5 µmol/L GDC-0941) and combination group II (5.0 µmol/L AZD6244 + 5.0 µmol/L GDC-0941). Colony formation assay was performed to detect colony formation efficiency. The cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of protein related to apoptosis was tested with Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell growth was inhibited by the two inhibitors. Combination groups led to stronger cell proliferation inhibition: combination group Ishowed synergistic effect of their actions and combination group II showed an additive effect; in both groups, there were decreased colony number [(77.2 ± 1.54)/well vs (61.50 ± 2.12)/well, P < 0.01] and [(51.00 ± 4.00)/ well vs (22.50 ± 3.53)/well, P < 0.01]; and enhanced apoptotic ratios [(18.30 ± 0.82)% vs (21.32 ± 0.56)%, P < 0.01] and [(27.14 ± 1.58)% vs (42.45 ± 4.42)%, P < 0.01]. In addition, compared to the PI3K inhibitor alone group, the NCI-H157 cells in the combination groups showed increased G0/G1 phase and decreased S phase (P < 0.01). Western blotting showed that the combination groups demonstrated significantly decreased expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin B1, increased p21 and cleaved PARP and decreased bcl-2/bax ratio, compared to the PI3K inhibitor only group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combined inhibition of PI3K (AZD6244) and MEK (GDC-0941) has synergistic effects on the proliferation of NCI-H157 cells, but such effects appear to be in a dose-dependent manner.</p>