Knowledge, psychological impacts, and protective behaviours during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese residents in Canada with dependent school-age children: a cross-sectional online study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge, protective behaviours, and psychological impact of COVID-19 on Chinese residents in Canada, as the emotional and behavioural impacts of the pandemic have not been intensively studied amongst these populations. It was important to determine whether having dependent school-age children (DSAC) aged 16 or under was associated with adverse psychological impacts amongst the Chinese residents living in the country. METHODS: In April 2020, 757 eligible participants were recruited through a snowball sampling to complete an online survey related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological, behavioural, and sociodemographic variables were collected and first analyzed using descriptive and univariate statistics. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to further confirm the observed significant associations in bivariate analyses for selected psychological outcome variables. RESULTS: Seven hundred forty-two participants who responded to the "dependent school-age children" question were included in the analysis. Most of them identified as females (65.8%) and 77.2% included receiving a university degree or higher. There were no significant differences in COVID-19 knowledge between those living with or without DSAC. However, participants with DSAC were more likely to perceive themselves as being at greater risk of contracting COVID-19 (p = .023); therefore, having a higher chance of adopting protective behaviours (e.g., hand washing, sanitizing frequently or disinfecting work and living spaces (p < .05), elevated risks of depression (p = .007), and stress (p = .010), compared to those without DSAC. CONCLUSIONS: Predominantly, the Chinese residents in Canada with dependent school-age children were more likely to report the negative psychological impacts of the pandemic. These findings warrant further investigations that may contribute to informing key stakeholders about the identification and implementation of policies and interventions to support the needs of parents with young children, during and after the pandemic.

Evaluation of a community-based memory clinic in collaboration with local hospitals to support patients with memory decline.

Objective: This study evaluates the role of a specialised and multidisciplinary healthcare team, including a pharmacist, in providing medication management for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, in a memory clinic. Methods: The study analysed the dataset of 102 patients of a geriatric and memory clinic in a rural area of Ontario, Canada. The case histories of the patients were reviewed a week before the clinic day and a pharmacist performed medication reconciliations. During the clinic day, cognitive tests were conducted and outcomes were discussed with the team, to create a care plan and schedule a follow-up within 3, 6 or 12 months. Results: Most patients had an average of 5 prescriptions and 2 non-prescription medications deprescribed, and 57% of patients were started on memory-related medications. A total of 712 medications (p-value 0.001) were deprescribed, with 510 prescriptions and 202 non-prescription items. Out of the 712 deprescribed drugs, 374 were discontinued with no therapeutic substitutions, 202 were reduced in dosage and 136 were switched to a safer alternative. A total of 43 patients showed improved Activities of Daily Living (ADL) performance after 3 and 6 months and 68 patients showed improvement after 12 months. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in addressing drug-therapy problems, medication optimisation, and deprescription in patients with dementia. The presence of a pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team enables impactful medication optimisation and leads to improved patient outcomes. This demonstrates the value of specialised expertise in medication management for patients with dementia.