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1.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 94(49): e1665, 2015 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26656321

ABSTRACT

The antituberculosis drugs isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), pyrazinamide (PZA), and ethambutol (EMB) usually expose patients to the risk of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). This report presents a case of liver transplantation in antituberculosis drugs-induced FHF and reviews the relevant literature. A 39-year-old woman with pelvic and salpinx tuberculosis experienced complex pelvic exenteration. After the operation, she was administrated INH, RMP, PZA, and EMB to prevent tuberculosis. Two months later, examination revealed severe FHF and the antituberculosis therapy regimen was changed to ciprofloxacin and streptomycin. Subsequently, urgent orthotopic liver transplantation was performed. Posttransplantation, her serum transaminases improved gradually, but her total bilirubin level and direct bilirubin level continued to worsen, which may have been related to the rejection. However, irreversible damage from antituberulosis drugs was note excluded. Two liver biopsies and histological examinations were performed. One year after transplantation, she died as a consequence of ischemic cholangitis and pulmonary infection. A literature review revealed 9 other published cases of antituberculosis drugs-associated FHF with liver transplantation.This report suggests that, in most cases of antituberculosis drugs-induced FHF, discontinuation of toxic drugs and orthotopic liver transplantation are always sufficient treatment.


Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/diagnosis , Liver Transplantation , Adult , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans
2.
Int J Clin Exp Pathol ; 8(7): 8276-83, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26339397

ABSTRACT

AIM: To investigate the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its alteration after exenatide treatment. METHODS: PCOS rat model was established by dehydroepiandrosterone induction. The animals were randomly divided into exenatide treatment group (EX group, n = 10), metformin treatment group (MF group, n = 10), PCOS group (PCOS group, n = 9) and normal control group (NC group, n = 10). Histological changes of the ovarian tissues were examined by HE staining. SIRT1 expression in the ovarian tissue was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Rats in the PCOS group lost their estrous cycle. Histological observation of the ovary showed saccular dilatation of the follicle, decreased number of corpora lutea, fewer layers of granulosa cells aligned loosely, and thickened layer of theca cells. The changes in reproductive hormones and the development of insulin resistance suggested the successful establishment of the animal models. Immunohistochemistry and Q-PCR detected the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1 in the ovary tissues of rats in the normal control group. The SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in PCOS group than in control group (P < 0.05); after drug intervention, the SIRT1 expression significantly increased in EX and MF groups (compared with the PCOS group), whereas no significant difference was noted between the EX group and MF group. CONCLUSIONS: The SIRT1 expression in the ovary tissue decreases in PCOS rats (compare with the normal rats) but can be up-regulated after Ex or MF treatment. These drugs may affect the process and development of PCOS by regulating the SIRT1 expression. Exenatide may be therapeutic for PCOS by up-regulating the SITR1 expression.


Subject(s)
Metformin/pharmacology , Ovary/drug effects , Peptides/pharmacology , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/drug therapy , Sirtuin 1/metabolism , Venoms/pharmacology , Animals , Dehydroepiandrosterone , Disease Models, Animal , Exenatide , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , Immunohistochemistry , Ovary/enzymology , Ovary/pathology , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/chemically induced , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/enzymology , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/genetics , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/pathology , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sirtuin 1/genetics , Up-Regulation
3.
Am J Reprod Immunol ; 74(5): 457-66, 2015 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26287267

ABSTRACT

PROBLEM: Male obesity has been linked to subfecundity. This study is to investigate the effects of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exenatide on sperm quality in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. METHOD OF STUDY: After 12 weeks of chow diet (CD) or HFD challenge, mice on HFD were allocated to either saline or exenatide (24 nmol/kg/day) interventions for 8 weeks. Sperm quality and the inflammatory profile of testis were compared among three groups. RESULTS: Obesity reduced the quality of sperm and changed the inflammatory profile characterized by increased mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, MCP-1, and F4/80 in testis. Exenatide intervention reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved the quality of sperm. CONCLUSION: HFD-induced obesity leads to the impairment of sperm quality and increased inflammation of testis in mice, and the abnormal physiology can be attenuated by exenatide treatment. Exenatide treatment may bring additional profits to obese and diabetes men by improving sperm function.


Subject(s)
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists , Incretins/pharmacology , Obesity/metabolism , Peptides/pharmacology , Spermatozoa/drug effects , Testis/drug effects , Venoms/pharmacology , Animals , Cytokines/metabolism , Diet, High-Fat , Exenatide , Inflammation/metabolism , Male , Mice , Spermatozoa/metabolism , Testis/metabolism
4.
Parasitol Res ; 113(12): 4543-53, 2014 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25300416

ABSTRACT

Globally, 15-20 million people are infected with Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) which results in clonorchiasis. In China, clonorchiasis is considered to be one of the fastest-growing food-borne parasitic diseases. That more key molecules of C. sinensis are characterized will be helpful to understand biology and pathogenesis of the carcinogenic liver fluke. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GAPDHs) from many species have functions other than their catalytic role in glycolysis. In the present study, we analyzed the sequence and structure of GAPDH from C. sinensis (CsGAPDH) by using bioinformatics tools and obtained its recombinant protein by prokaryotic expression system, to learn its expression profiles and molecular property. CsGAPDH could bind to human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cell in vivo and in vitro by the method of immunofluorescence assays. CsGAPDH also disturbed in lumen of biliary tract near to the parasite in the liver of infected rat. Western blotting analysis together with immunofluorescence assay indicated that CsGAPDH was a component of excretory/secretory proteins (CsESPs) and a surface-localized protein of C. sinensis. Quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) and Western blotting demonstrated that CsGAPDHs are expressed at the life stages of adult worm, metacercaria, and egg, but the expression levels were different from each other. Recombinant CsGAPDH (rCsGAPDH) was confirmed to have the capacity to catalyze the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to D-glycerate 1,3-bisphosphate which was inhibited by AMP in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, rCsGAPDH was able to interact with human plasminogen in a dose-dependent manner by ELISA. The interaction could be inhibited by lysine. The plasminogen binding capacity of rCsGAPDH along with the distribution of CsGAPDH in vivo and in the liver of C. sinensis-infected rat hinted that surface-localized CsGAPDH might play an important role in host invasion of the worm besides its glycolytic activity. Our work will be a cornerstone for getting more messages about CsGAPDH and its role in biology and parasitism of C. sinensis.


Subject(s)
Clonorchiasis/parasitology , Clonorchis sinensis/enzymology , Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/metabolism , Plasminogen/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Blotting, Western , China , Clonorchiasis/enzymology , Clonorchis sinensis/genetics , Computational Biology , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/chemistry , Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/genetics , Helminth Proteins/isolation & purification , Humans , Liver/enzymology , Liver/parasitology , Metacercariae/enzymology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , RNA, Helminth/isolation & purification , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Recombinant Proteins/genetics
5.
J Int Med Res ; 42(6): 1363-73, 2014 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25223426

ABSTRACT

The concomitant presence of the XYY syndrome with haematological malignancies is rare. This report presents a case of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) with the promyelocytic leukaemia-retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARA) gene insertional translocation and a chromosome 21 abnormality in a 29-year-old XYY male patient. Karyotype analysis revealed an abnormal karyotype of 47,XYY [14]/46,XYY,-21[16]. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the existence of a PML-RARA fusion gene. The patient was treated by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy. Laboratory results revealed that the coagulopathy improved and the patient achieved complete remission, based on bone-marrow morphology. The patient then received sequential monthly therapy using arsenic trioxide, followed by ATRA, followed by chemotherapy; he has survived disease-free for 36 months. Our findings suggest that the additional chromosomal abnormalities involving the sex chromosomes and chromosome 21 did not affect the prognosis of APL, and that the sequential treatment strategy had a good clinical effect without being associated with severe side-effects.


Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics , Sex Chromosome Disorders/genetics , Translocation, Genetic/genetics , XYY Karyotype/genetics , Adult , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Arsenic Trioxide , Arsenicals/therapeutic use , Humans , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Karyotype , Male , Mutagenesis, Insertional/genetics , Oxides/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Tretinoin/therapeutic use
6.
Mater Sociomed ; 26(3): 156-7, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25126006

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects and safeness of combined hysterolaparoscopy on evaluation the causes of infertility. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) from January 2011 to April 2014. Patients aged 21-43 years with infertility were included in this study. The prevalence of different lesions was collected to analyze. RESULTS: 132 infertile patients were included, 71 (53.8%) women had primary infertility and the rest 61 (46.2%) had secondary infertility. Laparoscopic abnormalites were more common than hysteroscopy abnormalites both in primary infertility group and secondary infertility group. Pelvic inflammatory disease (59.09 %) and endometriosis (29.55%) were the most common abnormalities in two groups. The most common intrauterine pathology was uterine polyps and the most common uterine malformation was uterine septum in two groups. Out of 12 patients having malformation uterus, only one was double uterus and double cervical with double vagina. There was no major surgical or anesthetic complication in any of our patients, other than mild abdominal pain. CONCLUSION: Hysterolaparoscopy is an effective and safe tool in comprehensive evaluation of infertility to diagnosis and treat the lesions of pelvic and uterus in the same time. Hysterolaparoscopy may be recommended as the first and final procedure for evaluation of female infertility.

7.
Mater Sociomed ; 26(5): 321-3, 2014 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25568631

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To exam semen parameters in predicting intrauterine insemination (IUI) outcomes in couples with male factor. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study was performed at department of infertility and sexual medicine from September 2007 to February 2014. 307 couples with male factor infertility were included and 672 IUI cycles were analyzed. RESULTS: From 672 inseminations performed on 307 couples, there are 27.36% couples get pregnancy (84 out of 307) and the overall pregnancy rate was 12.95% (87 out of 672) of IUI. With the increase of post total progressive sperm count, the clinical pregnancy rate increased. When the initial progressive sperm count was lower than 5*10(6), there was no pregnant in the IUI cycle. At the end of the third cycle, 85 clinical pregnancies had been achieved (97.70%). CONCLUSIONS: The initial total progressive sperm count lower than 5*10(6) means the poor outcome of IUI in the infertile couples with male factor. If the infertile couples with male factor don't get pregnancy after three IUI cycles, the couples should receive re-assessment or other artificial reproductive technology.

8.
Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi ; 41(6): 380-3, 2006 Jun.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16831358

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between ultrasonographic features of endometrium and the relation of histological staging of the endometrium and sexual hormone levels in anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women. METHODS: Seventy-six anovulatory PCOS patients and 32 women with normal ovulation were enrolled in this study. Ultrasonographic examination, and transmission electron microscope were used to observe endometrium. The expressions of nulear antigen associated with cell proliferation Ki-67 and calcitonin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The sexual hormone levels were measured by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. RESULTS: In 11 patients the endometrium showed secretory change out of 76 anovulatory PCOS patients. The frequency of secretory change of the endometrium was not increased with the increase of menses-biopsy interval (P > 0.05). The frequency of abnormal stroma was significantly lower in tripleline endometria than those in non-tripleline endometria (9% vs 43%, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the anovulatory PCOS group showed a significant higher expression of Ki-67 in the glandular cell of the secretory phase endometrium (P < 0.05). In the proliferative endometrium, anovulatory PCOS group had more cell organelles than those of the control group. The endometrium showed insufficient secretory changes in the anovulatory PCOS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Proliferative and secretory stage of the endometrium in the anovulatory PCOS group show abnormal features. The abnormal stroma may contribute to the hyperechonic images of the endometrium in the anovulatory PCOS patients.


Subject(s)
Anovulation/diagnostic imaging , Endometrium/pathology , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Anovulation/blood , Anovulation/metabolism , Calcitonin/metabolism , Endometrium/chemistry , Endometrium/ultrastructure , Female , Humans , Immunoassay/methods , Immunohistochemistry , Infertility, Female/blood , Infertility, Female/diagnostic imaging , Infertility, Female/metabolism , Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/blood , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/metabolism , Progesterone/blood , Ultrasonography
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