Efficient algorithm for directed text detection based on rotation decoupled bounding box.

A more effective directed text detection algorithm is proposed for the problem of low accuracy in detecting text with multiple sources, dense distribution, large aspect ratio and arbitrary alignment direction in the industrial intelligence process. The algorithm is based on the YOLOv5 model architecture, inspired by the idea of DenseNet dense connection, a parallel cross-scale feature fusion method is proposed to overcome the problem of blurring the underlying feature semantic information and deep location information caused by the sequential stacking approach and to improve the multiscale feature information extraction capability. Furthermore, a rotational decoupling border detection module, which decouples the rotational bounding box into horizontal bounding box during positive sample matching, is provided, overcoming the angular instability in the process of matching the rotational bounding box with the horizontal anchor to obtain higher-quality regression samples and improve the precision of directed text detection. The MSRA-TD500 and ICDAR2015 datasets are used to evaluate the method, and results show that the algorithm measured precision and F1-score of 89.2% and 88.1% on the MSRA-TD500 dataset, respectively, and accuracy and F1-score of 90.6% and 89.3% on the ICDAR2015 dataset, respectively. The proposed algorithm has better competitive ability than the SOTA text detection algorithm.

Erratum: Long non-coding RNA HOTAIRM1-1 silencing in cartilage tissue induces osteoarthritis through microRNA-125b.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10365.].

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIRM1-1 silencing in cartilage tissue induces osteoarthritis through microRNA-125b.

Aberrations in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression have been recognized in numerous human diseases. In the present study, the of role the long noncoding RNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA myeloid 1 variant (HOTAIRM1-1) in regulating the pathological progression of osteoarthritis (OA) was investigated. The aberrant expression of HOTAIRM1-1 in OA was demonstrated, but the molecular mechanisms require further analysis. The aim of the present study was to explore the function of miR-125b in modulating chondrocyte viability and apoptosis, and to address the functional association between HOTAIRM1-1 and miR-125b as potential targets. A miR-125b inhibitor was used, which laid the foundation for the following investigation. The study confirmed that HOTAIRM1-1 and miR-125b are inversely expressed in chondrocytes. The expression of HOTAIRM1-1 was downregulated and the expression of miR-125b was upregulated in tissues from patients with OA. HOTAIRM1-1 directly interacted with miR-125b in chondrocytes. HOTAIRM1-1 knockdown was associated with chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix degradation. Furthermore, miR-125b reversed the effect of HOTAIRM1-1 on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the loss of HOTAIRM1-1 function leads to aberrant increases in the proliferation and apoptosis of chondrocytes. miR-125b may be a potential downstream mechanism that regulates the function of HOTAIRM1-1, and this finding provides a therapeutic strategy for OA.

Comparison between epsilon-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid for total hip and knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The aim was to compare the efficacy and safety of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and tranexamic acid (TXA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: Potential academic articles were identified from the Cochrane Library, Springer, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases from inception to December 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs involving EACA and TXA in THA or TKA were included. Pooled data were analyzed using RevMan 5.1. RESULTS: Three RCTs and three non-RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The present meta-analysis reveals that EACA is associated with significantly more blood loss than TXA. No significant differences were identified in terms of blood transfusion rate, transfusion units, hemoglobin (Hb) level at discharge, operation time, length of hospital stay, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), or 30-day readmission. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with TXA, EACA led to more blood loss in patients undergoing THA or TKA. However, there was no significant difference in the blood transfusion rate, transfusion units, Hb level at discharge, operation time, length of hospital stay, DVT, or 30-day readmission between groups.

The effects of bisphosphonates on osteoporotic patients after lumbar fusion: a meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: We conducted a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of bisphosphonates in lumbar fusion. INTRODUCTION: Bisphosphonates reduce bone resorption and remodeling by osteoclast activity inhibition, inactivation, and apoptosis. However, it remains controversial whether bisphosphonate therapy affects spinal fusion. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, and Google Scholar to identify studies reporting the effects of bisphosphonates on osteoporotic patients after lumbar fusion. Secondary sources were identified from the references of the included literature. Pooled data were analyzed using RevMan 5.1. RESULTS: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. There were significant differences in solid intervertebral fusion (RD=0.07, 95% CI: -0.00 to 0.15, P=0.05), subsequent VCFs (RD=-0.21, 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.12, P<0.00001), pedicle screw loosening (RD=-0.17, 95% CI: -0.28 to -0.05, P=0.006), and cage subsidence (RD=-0.25, 95% CI: -0.42 to -0.07, P=0.005) between two groups. No significant differences between two groups were found regarding implant fixation failure (RD=-0.06, 95% CI: -0.22 to 0.10, P=0.48). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed that bisphosphonates may increase solid intervertebral fusion and decrease subsequent VCFs, pedicle screw loosening, and cage subsidence.

The Chemotherapeutic Effect of Docetaxel, Cisplatin and Fluorouracil Regimen on Gastric Cancer Stem Cells.

In recent years, chemotherapy targeting cancer stem cells has increasingly garnered interest from the scientists and clinicians. In this study, we explored both in vitro and in vivo if a chemotherapy regimen could arrest gastric tumor growth via demolishing CD24+ and CD44+ cancer stem cells (CSC) in the tumor mass. To facilitate the tumorigenesis in the subcutaneous xenograft model, we employed an electrospun scaffold comprising polydioxanone and gelatin for the delivery of tumor cells. The scaffold sported a highly porous micro-structure and promoted the in vitro and in vivo tumorigenesis without inducing apoptosis. in vivo studies confirmed that the tumor enjoyed an increase of volume by 56.21% and weight by 71.29%, respectively, in a 12-week period. Interestingly, populations of CD24+ and CD44+ cells in the tumor increased by 37% and 274%, respectively. No phenotypic change during tumorigenesis was observed due to the presence of the scaffold. Thereafter, we studied the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of a regimen comprising docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil (DCF) in the scaffold model. The study showed that this regimen demonstrated a strong capability to demolish the CD44+ subpopulation in the tumor. This discovery warrants further study of the DCF regimen for gastric cancer. Moreover, the scaffold offers cancer scientists an accelerated in vivo platform for mechanistic chemotherapy study.

A Novel Arc Fault Detector for Early Detection of Electrical Fires.

Arc faults can produce very high temperatures and can easily ignite combustible materials; thus, they represent one of the most important causes of electrical fires. The application of arc fault detection, as an emerging early fire detection technology, is required by the National Electrical Code to reduce the occurrence of electrical fires. However, the concealment, randomness and diversity of arc faults make them difficult to detect. To improve the accuracy of arc fault detection, a novel arc fault detector (AFD) is developed in this study. First, an experimental arc fault platform is built to study electrical fires. A high-frequency transducer and a current transducer are used to measure typical load signals of arc faults and normal states. After the common features of these signals are studied, high-frequency energy and current variations are extracted as an input eigenvector for use by an arc fault detection algorithm. Then, the detection algorithm based on a weighted least squares support vector machine is designed and successfully applied in a microprocessor. Finally, an AFD is developed. The test results show that the AFD can detect arc faults in a timely manner and interrupt the circuit power supply before electrical fires can occur. The AFD is not influenced by cross talk or transient processes, and the detection accuracy is very high. Hence, the AFD can be installed in low-voltage circuits to monitor circuit states in real-time to facilitate the early detection of electrical fires.

Clinical effects of applying a tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty on blood loss.

BACKGROUND: Tourniquets used during total knee arthroplasty may lead to many complications. The aim of this study was to determine perioperative blood loss and its clinical relevance in total knee replacement surgery after applying a tourniquet. METHODS: From June 2009 to October 2009, 60 consecutive patients who underwent routine total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups and were treated with or without a tourniquet (30 patients/group). There were no significant differences in patient baseline characteristics between the two groups. We compared the two groups of patients in terms of intra- and postoperative bleeding, invisible or visible bleeding, and total blood loss. RESULTS: None of the patients showed poor wound healing, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis or other complications. The amount of blood loss during surgery was lower in the tourniquet group than in the control group (P < 0.01). However, postoperative visible bleeding (P < 0.05) and occult bleeding (P < 0.05) were significantly greater in the tourniquet group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in the total amount of blood loss between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Tourniquet can reduce bleeding during total knee replacement surgery, but is associated with greater visible and invisible blood loss.

beta-TCP/MCPM-based premixed calcium phosphate cements.

Novel premixed calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) were prepared by combining cement liquids comprised of glycerol or polyethylene glycol with CPC powders that consisted of beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM). Changing the powder to liquid mass ratio enabled the setting time to be regulated, and improved the compressive strength of the CPCs. Although some ratios of the new premixed CPCs had long setting times, these ranged from 12.4 to 27.8 min which is much shorter than the hour or more reported previously for a premixed CPC. The premixed CPCs had tolerable washout resistance before final setting, and the cements had strengths matching that of cancellous bone (5-10 MPa); their maximum compressive strength was up to 12 MPa. The inflammatory response around the premixed CPCs implanted in the subcutaneous tissue in rabbits was more prominent than that of apatite cement. These differences might be due to the much faster resorption rate of the premixed CPCs.

[A new technique determining tibial rotational alignment in total knee arthroplasty].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the two different techniques determining tibial rotational alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to enhance postoperative effect and reduce complications. METHODS: From May 2006 to April 2007, 60 patients (27 males, 33 females, aged 55-78 years) received TKA and randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30): tibial rotational alignment in TKA was determined by medical 1/3 of tibial tubercle in Group A, by medial border of tibial tubercle at 0-9 degrees varus in Group B, by medical 1/3 of tibial tubercle at 20 degrees or greater varus or by the mean line between medial border of tibial tubercle and medical 1/3 of tibial tubercle at 10-19 degrees varus. The angle of rotation of polyethylene cushion was calculated. RESULTS: The angle of rotation of polyethylene cushion in Group A was (8.4+/-3.8) degrees at 0-9 degrees varus, (3.5+/-2.7) degrees at 10-19 degrees varus and (0+/-2.4) degrees at 20 degrees varus or over, respectively, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). The angle of rotation of polyethylene cushion in Group B was (0+/-2.1) degrees at 0-9 degrees varus, (0+/-2.0) degrees at 10-19 degrees varus and (0+/-1.7) degrees at 20 degrees varus or over, respectively, and there was no significant difference (P>0.05). The angle of rotation of polyethylene cushion averaged (5.6+/-2.8) degrees in Group A and (0+/-1.9) degrees in Group B, showing significant difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The range of ideal tibial rotational alignment in TKA was from medial border of the tibial tubercle to medical 1/3 of the tibial tubercle, and is decided by the degree of varus deformities and valgus deformities.

[Clinical comparative studies on effect of tranexamic acid on blood loss associated with total knee arthroplasty].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate an effect of tranexamic acid on blood loss associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: From June 2005 to June 2006, 102 patients (43 males, 59 females; aged 59-77 years, averaged 68 years) underwent TKA. Of the 102 patients, 59 had osteoarthritis, 23 had rheumatoid arthritis, and 20 had traumatic arthritis. The illness course ranged from 2 to 12 years. They were randomized divided into Group A and Group B of 51 patients each. The patients in Group A received tranexamic acid, and the patients in Group B received an equal volume of normal saline. In Group A, 1 g of tranexamic acid dissolved in 250 ml of normal saline was intravenously infused before deflation of the tourniquet; another intravenous administration of the same drug of the same dosage was given 3 hours later. In Group B, only 250 ml of normal saline was infused intravenously. The amounts of blood loss and blood transfusion during operation and after operation in all the 102 patients were recorded. They were also observed for whether they had deep vein thrombosis. D-dimeride, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time were also examined before operation, during operation (deflation of the tourniquet), and 3 hours after operation. RESULTS: The blood loss was 256 +/- 149 ml in Group A and 306 +/- 214 ml in Group B during operation; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The postoperative drainage volume was 478 +/- 172 ml in Group A and 814 +/- 156 ml in Group B, and the total blood loss was 559 +/- 159 ml in Group A and 1208 +/- 243 ml in Group B; there were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The averaged amount of blood transfusion was 556 +/- 174 ml in Group A and 1024 +/- 278 ml in Group B; there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0. 05). The postoperative hemoglobin concentration was higher in Group A than that in Group B (1.0-1.1 g/dL vs. 0.6-0.8 g/dL). The postoperative follow-up for 6-12 months revealed that no deep vein thrombosis was found in both lower limbs of the patients by the color Doppler ultrasonography. The level of D-dimeride was significantly higher 3 hours after operation than before operation (0.92 +/- 0.56 mg/L vs. 0.35 +/- 0.13 mg/L in Group A; 1.32 +/- 0.79 mg/L vs. 0.37 +/- 0.21 mg/L in Group B) (P < 0.05). The D-dimeride level 3 hours after operation was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of fibrinogen, prothrombin time,.and activated partial thromboplastin time between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: During and after the TKA operation, a short-term use of tranexamic acid can significantly decrease blood loss and blood transfusion with no increasing risk for venous thrombosis.

Preparation and characterization of macroporous chitosan-gelatin/beta-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

A biodegradable composite scaffold was developed using beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) with chitosan (CS) and gelatin (Gel) in the form of a hybrid polymer network (HPN) via co-crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. Various types of scaffolds were prepared by freezing and lyophilizing. These scaffolds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffractometer, and scanning electron microscopy. The macroporous composite scaffolds exhibited different pore structures. Compressive properties were improved, especially compressive modulus from 3.9-10.9 MPa. Biocompatibility was evaluated subcutaneously on rabbits. A mild inflammatory response was observed over 12 weeks. The results suggest that the scaffolds can be utilized in nonloading bone regeneration.