ABSTRACT
Recently, China has been facing the dual challenges of air pollution control and carbon emission reduction. Pollution and carbon reduction have become a breakthrough point for green socio-economic transformation. Air pollutant and CO2 emission inventories provide a tool for monitoring pollution and carbon reduction; however, there have been some problems in previous studies, including incomplete species coverage, different source classifications, and narrow time scales. Based on the unified emission source classification system and estimation method, an emission inventory was developed for Hebei Province from 2013 to 2020, and the emission trends, structure change, driving force, synergistic benefits, and spatial distribution were analyzed. Hebei Province achieved a balance during the study period in socio-economic development and anthropogenic emission control. SO2 emissions decreased rapidly during the "Ten Atmospheric Measures" period. VOCs and NH3 emissions reduction were more significant during the "Blue Sky Defense War" period. The decrease rates of NOx and PM2.5 emissions were relatively stable, and CO2 emissions increased slightly. The coal-fired treatment effectively reduced the air pollutant and CO2 emissions and strengthening the emission standards for key industries reduced SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 emissions; however, the VOCs emission control requires improvement. Power and residential sources achieved co-reduction of air pollutants and CO2 and reducing residential coal optimized the energy structure, thereby leading to greater synergistic benefits in the residential source. The key pollution and carbon reduction areas in Hebei Province were Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Handan, Baoding, and Langfang. The methods and conclusions in this study can provide technical and decision-making references for regional pollution and carbon reduction efforts.
ABSTRACT
The rate capability of lithium-ion batteries is highly dependent on the interphase chemistry of graphite anodes. Herein, we demonstrate an anode interphase tailoring based on a novel electrolyte additive, lithium dodecyl sulfate (LiDS), which greatly improves the rate capability and cyclic stability of graphite anodes. Upon application of 1% LiDS in a base electrolyte, the discharge capacity at 2 C is improved from 102 to 240 mAh g-1 and its capacity retention is enhanced from 51% to 94% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C. These excellent performances are attributed to the preferential absorption of LiDS and the as-constructed interphase chemistry that is mainly composed of organic long-chain polyether and inorganic lithium sulfite. The long-chain polyether possesses flexibility endowing the interphase with robustness, while its combination with inorganic lithium sulfite accelerates lithium intercalation/deintercalation kinetics via decreasing the resistance for charge transfer.
ABSTRACT
In/H-Beta catalyst was prepared by optimizing the support, concentration of ion exchange liquid and calcination temperature to investigate the effects of synthesis conditions on catalytic activity of selective catalytic reduction of NOx with CH4. The results showed that the In/H-Beta catalyst exhibited the superior activity when concentration of exchange liquid was 0.033 M and calcination temperature was 500 °C, the NOx removal ratio could reach 97.6%. In addition, reaction conditions could affect the catalytic performance. When O2 concentration was 10%, CH4:NO ratio was no less than one, space velocity was lower than 23600 h-1 and NO initial concentration was no more than 700 ppm, In/H-Beta could exhibit superior catalytic activity. Moreover, the catalytic performances of In/H-Beta catalysts were discussed after enduring H2O or/and SO2. This novel strategy could open the door for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with CH4.
