Advancing treatment strategies for posterior malleolar malunion: The ankle dislocation method.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the radiological and clinical outcomes of treatment using the ankle dislocation method for posterior malleolar malunion. METHOD: Thirty-one patients with posterior malleolar malunion who underwent treatment using the ankle dislocation method from May 2015 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Key outcome measures were radiographic parameters (articular step-off, tibiofibular clear space, fibular length, tibial lateral surface angle, and ankle osteoarthritis), clinical scores (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale and Visual Analogue Scale), and patient satisfaction rate. RESULT: Preoperative computed tomography revealed that Bartoní cek types 3 and 4 accounted for 64.5 % (n = 20) of total cases. Most posterior malleolar malunions were accompanied by depressed intercalary fragments (61.2 % [n = 19]). At the final follow-up, radiographic parameters and clinical scores showed significant improvements postoperatively (P < 0.05), with a high patient satisfaction rate of 77.4 %. Subgroup analysis revealed that the posterior malleolar fracture morphology significantly affected postoperative pain, particularly in more complex fractures (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The ankle dislocation method effectively exposes the distal tibial articular surface and facilitates the anatomical restoration of joint congruity under direct vision. This approach substantially improves the clinical and imaging outcomes in patients with complex posterior malleolar malunion. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, retrospective case series.

Correction: Se2Mo10V3, a heteropoly compound containing selenium, inhibits tumor growth.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18909.].

Se2Mo10V3, a heteropoly compound containing selenium, inhibits tumor growth.

Selenium compounds have strong anti-tumor effects and are well-tolerated. We examined the anti-tumor effects of (NH4)2H15Se2VIMo10V3O52·2H2O (Se2Mo10V3), a heteropoly compound containing selenium. Se2Mo10V3 inhibited proliferation in K562 cells with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 78.72±2.82 mg/L after 48 h and 24.94±0.88 mg/L after 72 h. Typical apoptotic morphologies were also observed in K562 cells treated with Se2Mo10V3, as were increased intracellular levels of Ca2+, Mg2+, H+, and reactive oxygen species, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, Se2Mo10V3 treatment triggered cytochrome C release and inhibited IκBα degradation and NF-κB translocation. In vivo experiments revealed that 5 or 10 mg/kg Se2Mo10V3 inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 and hepatoma 22 xenograft tumors. These results indicate that Se2Mo10V3 inhibits tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo and induces apoptosis in K562 cells, possibly by inhibiting the NF-κB/IκBα pathway.

[Case-control study on the treatment of humerus supracondylar fracture of Gartland III in children by manipulative reduction and Kirschner wire percataneous internal fixation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect of the Gartland III humerus supracondylar fractures in children by manipulative reduction and Kirschner wire percataneous internal fixation. METHODS: From July 2010 and July 2013, 60 patients with Gartland III humerus supracondylar fracture were selected and divided into treatment group and control group. In the treatment group 32 patients were treated with traditional bone setting tetradeca-manipulative reduction and percataneous Kirschner wire internal fixation,included 18 males and 14 females with an average age of (7.8 +/- 2.7) years old ranging from 5 to 11; in the control group 28 patients were treated with open reduction and Kirschner wire internal fixation,included 16 males and 12 females with an average age of (7.2 +/- 3.0) years old ranging from 4 to 12. The motion range of the elbow joint,the time of fracture clinical healing, and the effect after 6 months of Flynm clinical functional assessment standards were observed and compared. RESULTS: The average fracture healing time of the control group (5.01 +/- 0.43) weeks was longer than that of the treatment group (4.29 +/- 0.29) weeks (t = 7.49, P = 0.00). At 6 months after treatment,the elbow motion range of the treatment group (146.02 +/- 2.28) was more than that of the control group (140.76 +/- 4.42) (t = -5.67, P = 0.00). At 6 months after treatment, according to Flynn evaluation, in the control group,there were 7 cases as excellent, 16 as good, 4 fair, 1 poor; in the treatment group, excellent in 21, good in 9, fair in 2 (U = 3.09, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Manipulative reduction and Kirschner wire percataneous internal fixation for treatment of children's Gartland III humerus condyle fractures can shorten fracture clinical healing time and the clinical curative effect is better.

[Case-control study on therapeutic effects between Kirschner wire fixation after early bebridement and staged plate fixation in the treatment of open calcaneal fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To compare therapeutic effects between Kirschner wire fixation after early debridement (Kirschner wire group) and staged plate fixation (plate group) in the treatment of open calcaneal fractures. METHODS: From January 2001 to May 2008, 55 patients (58 feet) with open calcaneal fractures were reviewed,the mean age was 36.8 years(ranged, 19 to 65 years) and the average visit time was 3 hours (ranged, 30 min to 7 h). All the patients were divided into two groups: Kirschner wire group and plate group. There were 20 males (20 feet) and 9 females (9 feet) in Kirschner wire group, in which 15 feet were type I, 13 feet were type II, 1 foot was type III A according to Gustilo classification and 9 feet were type II, 18 feet were type III, 2 feet were type IV according to Sanders classification. The patients in Kirschner wire group were treated with early debridement, fracture reduction and Kirschner wire fixation, and the soft tissue defects were covered with VSD temporarily, and then were enveloped by skin or flap grafts at the second stage. There were 18 males (19 feet) and 8 females (10 feet) in the plate group, in which 13 feet were type I, 14 feet were type II, 2 feet were type III A according to Gustilo classification and 11 feet were type II,15 feet were type III, 3 feet were type IV according to Sanders classification. The patients in the plate group were treated with early debridement, and plate internal fixation with were performed when the wound became stabilization. RESULTS: Twenty-three feet (15 patients) in the Kirschner wire group and 22 feet (13 patients) in the plate group were followed, the duration ranged from 10 to 36 months, with an average of 24 months. Compared with preoperative ones, the heel height, width, Böhler angle and Gissane angle of calcaneal got improvements. According to AOFAS ankle-foot evaluation system, 11 feet got an excellent result, 8 good in the Kirschner wire group; 2 feet had wound local skin necrosis and cured by dressing; 1 foot had a large area of skin necrosis and deep infection; 1 foot had chronic osteomyelitis. All above 4 feet underwent arthrodesis later. As comparison, 7 feet got an excellent result, 4 good in the plate group; 2 patients had mild complications of wounds; 1 patient had chronic osteomyelitis after early debridement; 10 patients had wound complications after internal fixation, including 7 patients with skin necrosis, superficial infection in 3 patients. There were statistical significant in radiological indicators and AOFAS ankle-foot scores between two groups. But there were no significant differences in early postoperative complications between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Early debridement and Kirschner wire fixation for the treatment of open calcaneal fractures has fewer early complications, which is a simple, safe and effective method.

Protocatechuic acid inhibits neurotoxicity induced by MPTP in vivo.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra (SN) with the presence of alpha-synuclein inclusions termed Lewy bodies. The neuroprotective effects of protocatechuic acid (PAc) both in vitro and in vivo have been reported. However, little is known about the effects of PAc on neurotoxicity induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in vivo. In this study, we demonstrated that PAc inhibited the reduction of the latent periods in a rotarod test, and the contents of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in striatum, and furthermore, it ameliorated the pathology in SN and the decreases in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in SN of C57BL/6J mice induced by MPTP. Taken together, our results indicate for the first time that PAc has neuroprotective effects on MPTP treated C57BL/6J mice and may be useful in clinical treatment of PD.

Protocatechuic acid inhibits rat pheochromocytoma cell damage induced by a dopaminergic neurotoxin.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) with the presence of alpha-synuclein inclusions termed Lewy bodies. The aggregation of alpha-synuclein into oligomeric species affects neuronal viability, having a causal role in the development of PD. The neuroprotective effects of protocatechuic acid (PAc) have been reported. However, the effects of PAc on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and alpha-synuclein in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that PAc inhibited the cytotoxicity, apoptotic morphology, reduction of TH expression and abnormal oligomeration of alpha-synuclein in PC12 cells treated with MPP(+). Taken together, our results indicate that the neuroprotective effects of PAc on PC12 cells treated with MPP(+) is related to the inhibition of the oligomerization of alpha-synuclein.