Application of Real-Time Ultrasound Elastography Combined with Prostate Calcification in Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the clinical and differential diagnostic value of real-time ultrasound elastography combined with transabdominal prostate calcification in prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: This study retrospectively analysed the clinical pathological data of 97 patients with PCa and 105 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) diagnosed by postoperative pathology in our hospital from May 2020 to May 2021; Comparatively analysed the clinical data of the two groups, including the elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of prostate calcification and calcification diameter; And used logistic regression analysis to screen out the independent risk factors for identifying PCa and BPH. RESULTS: No significant difference in age, body weight, body mass index, location of calcification and calcification diameter was observed between the two groups (p > 0.05), and overt differences in elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of calcification, and testosterone were found between the PCa group and BPH group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index and types of calcification were independent risk factors for identifying PCa (p < 0.05). The area under curve value of combined diagnosis under receiver operating characteristic curve was as high as 0.756 (95% CI: 0.691-0.813), with a sensitivity of 67.60% and a specificity of 76.30%. CONCLUSIONS: A certain correlation is observed amongst elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of prostate calcification and the occurrence and development of PCa. The application of real-time ultrasound elastography combined with the detection of transabdominal prostate calcification in clinical diagnosis can improve the detection rate of PCa, which has an important clinical application value.

Fluorescence modulation in tribranched switchable [4]rotaxanes.

Two novel tribranched [4]rotaxanes with a 1,3,5-triphenylene core and three rotaxane arms have been designed, synthesized, and characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopies and HR-ESI mass spectrometry. [4]Rotaxanes 1 and 2 each possess the same three-armed skeleton. Each arm incorporates two distinguishable binding sites for a dibenzo[24]crown-8 ring, namely a dibenzylammonium site and an N-methyltriazolium site, and is terminated by a 4-morpholino-naphthalimide fluorophore as a stopper. [4]Rotaxane 1 has three di-ferrocene-functionalized dibenzo[24]crown-8 rings whereas 2 has three simple dibenzo[24]crown-8 rings interlocked with the thread component. Uniform shuttling motions of the three macrocycles in both 1 and 2 can be driven by external acid-base stimuli, which were confirmed by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. However, [4]rotaxanes 1 and 2 show distinct modes of fluorescence modulation in response to external acid-base stimuli. [4]Rotaxane 1 exhibits a remarkable fluorescence decrease in response to the addition of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as a base, which can displace the ferrocene-functionalized macrocycle from the dibenzylammonium station to the N-methyltriazolium station. In contrast, the fluorescence intensity of [4]rotaxane 2 showed an enhancement with the addition of DBU. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements have been performed. The different photoinduced electron-transfer processes responsible for the fluorescence changes in the two molecular systems are discussed. Topological structures of this kind have significant potential for the design and construction of large and complex assemblies with controllable functions.

Dual-mode operation of a bistable [1]rotaxane with a fluorescence signal.

We report the operation of a ferrocene-based bistable [1]rotaxane that can work in two parallel platforms. In an "active" signal mode, the relative mechanical movement of its ring and thread in response to external acid-base-stimuli can result in a remarkable fluorescence signal output observed by the naked eye, whereas no obvious fluorescence change occurred in a "silent" signal mode after oxidation. Its fluorescence responses to the different combinations of DBU and/or Fe(ClO4)3 corresponds to an INHIBIT logic gate.

[Genetically modified industrial brewing yeast with high-glutathione and low-diacetyl production].

Recombinant plasmid pICG was constructed by replacing the internal fragment of a-acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) gene (ILV2) with a copy of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene (GSH1) and copper chelatin gene (CUP1) from the industrial brewing yeast strain YSF31. YSF31 was transformed with plasmid pICG linearized by Kpn I and Pst I. A recombinant strain with high-glutathione and low-diacetyl production was selected. The results of fermentation in 100-L bioreactor showed that the lagering time of beer produced for recombinant strain T2 was shortened by 3 days and the shelf life of the beer was prolonged about 50%. It may be more acceptable for the commercial application, as it does not contain foreign DNA.