ABSTRACT
Background: Cognitive deficits and behavioral disorders such as anxiety and depression are common manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our previous work demonstrated that Trichostatin A (TSA) could alleviate neuroinflammatory plaques and improve cognitive disorders. AD, anxiety, and depression are all associated with microglial inflammation. However, whether TSA could attenuate anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in APP/PS1 mice through anti-inflammatory signaling is still unclearly. Methods: In the present study, all mice were subjected to the open field, elevated plus maze, and forced swim tests to assess anxiety- and depression-related behaviors after TSA administration. To understand the possible mechanisms underlying the behavioral effects observed, CST7 was measured in the hippocampus of mice and LPS-treated BV2 microglia. Results: The results of this study indicated that TSA administration relieved the behaviors of depression and anxiety in APP/PS1 mice, and decreased CST7 levels in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice and LPS-induced BV2 cells. Conclusion: Overall, these findings support the idea that TSA might be beneficial for reducing neurobehavioral disorders in AD and this could be due to suppression of CST7-related microglial inflammation.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with a wide variety of metabolic disorders that impose significant burdens on patients and society. The "browning" phenomenon in white adipose tissue (WAT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to combat metabolic disturbances. However, though the anti-diabetic drug dapagliflozin (DAPA) is thought to promote "browning," the specific mechanism of this was previously unclear. METHODS: In this study, C57BL/6 J male mice were used to establish an obesity model by high-fat diet feeding, and 3T3-L1 cells were used to induce mature adipocytes and to explore the role and mechanism of DAPA in "browning" through a combination of in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS: The results show that DAPA promotes WAT "browning" and improves metabolic disorders. Furthermore, we discovered that DAPA activated "browning" through the fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-liver kinase B1-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: These findings provide a rational basis for the use of DAPA in treating obesity by promoting the browning of white adipose tissue.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue, White , Benzhydryl Compounds , Glucosides , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases , Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 , Signal Transduction , Animals , Male , Mice , 3T3-L1 Cells , Adipocytes/metabolism , Adipocytes/drug effects , Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects , Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism , Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism , Adipose Tissue, White/drug effects , AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism , Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology , Diet, High-Fat , Glucosides/pharmacology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/drug therapy , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism , Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics , Signal Transduction/drug effectsABSTRACT
CO2 cycloaddition has emerged as a promising approach for producing value-added cyclocarbonates and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Although MOF-808 serves as a stable catalyst for cycloaddition, its limited activity constrains broader applications. Through the modification with a fluoride group via a ligand exchange method, F-MOF-808-1.5 exhibits exceptional performance, achieving a 98.8% conversion with 97.8% selectivity to epichlorohydrin carbonate-marking a substantial 100% improvement compared to pristine MOF-808. The defective Zr sites and the electron-withdrawing groups synergistically promote the ring opening of epoxides. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrates high stability over multiple reaction cycles. Notably, without adding solvents and co-catalysts, F-MOF-808-1.5 outperforms most reported MOF-based catalysts.
ABSTRACT
A novel two-dimensional ZIF-derived Pd@CN material prepared via one-step calcination exhibits outstanding catalytic activity in heterogeneous hydrogenation. Its well-developed porous structure, low dimensions and low density make active sites more accessible. This facile and effective strategy can guide the synthesis of highly active and durable Pd@CN catalysts with specific morphologies.