Rufibacter sediminis sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake sediment.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated H-1T, was isolated from the interfacial sediment of Taihu Lake in China and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism was most closely related to Rufibacter immobilis MCC P1T and Rufibacter tibetensis 1351T, with sequence similarities of 98.0 and 97.6 %, respectively. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain H-1T and R. immobilis MCC P1T and R. tibetensis 1351T was 48.8 and 36.6 %, respectively. The major (>5 %) cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 1ω5c, iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 4 (iso-C17 : 1 I and/or anteiso-C17 : 1 B) and anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminophospholipids, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). Genomic DNA G+C content was 49.0 mol%. Based on its physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain represents a novel species of the genus Rufibacter, for which the name Rufibacter sediminis sp. nov. (type strain H-1T=CGMCC 1.16289T=NBRC 113030T) is proposed.

A novel genus of the class Actinobacteria, Longivirga aurantiaca gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from lake sediment.

A novel actinobacterial strain, designated X5T, was isolated from the sediment of Taihu Lake in China and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic characterization. The strain formed orange-red colonies comprising aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped cells on R2A agar. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism was closely related to the genus Sporichthya and consistently formed a distinct clade along with the members of this genus. The closest phylogenetic neighbour was Sporichthya polymorpha NBRC 12702T with 93.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C16 : 0 (18.7 %), C18 : 1ω9c (18.6 %) and C17 : 1ω8c (14.0 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was 74.4 mol%. The organism contained menaquinone MK-8(H2), MK-9(H4) and an unidentified menaquinone. Polar lipids were composed of phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified lipid, two unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified aminolipids. The whole-cell sugars contained ribose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained ll-diaminopimelic acid. Based on the physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic data, the organism is proposed to represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Longivirga aurantiaca gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is X5T (=CGMCC 4.7317T=NBRC 112237T).

The etiological factors and variation effects of severe vitreous hemorrhage in Northern China / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIMS:To investigate the etiological factors and various effects of severe vitreous hemorrhage ( VH ) in Northern China.·METHODS:Files on patients presenting with VH treated with vitrectomy between January 2011 and January 2014 were retrieved from medical records.·RESULTS:A total of 1335 eyes of 1275 patients ( 735 males, 540 females) presenting with VH were included in this study. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) , retinal vein occlusion ( RVO) , either retinal detachment or retinal hole (RD/RH), ocular trauma, Eales disease, and either age- related macular degeneration or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy ( AMD/PCV ) constituted the etiology of VH in more than 90% of the patients. The most common causes of VH were ocular trauma ( 40%) , PDR (19. 5%), and Eales disease (19. 1%) in the youth group, PDR (34. 4%), RVO (30. 8%), and RD/RH (12. 2%) in the middle-aged group, and RVO ( 35. 7%) , PDR ( 26. 6%) , RD/RH (14. 6%), and AMD/PCV (8%) in the elder group.· CONCLUSION: PDR, RVO, and ocular trauma are usually the main causes of VH. Within each group, the most common causes of VH were ocular trauma and Eales disease in the youth group, PDR, RVO, and RD/RH in the middle-aged group, and RVO, PDR, RD/RH, and AMD/PCV in the elder group. In addition, we found that males with ocular trauma are at high risk for VH, PDR and Eales disease often present bilateral VHs, and PDR and RVO have a high risk of recurrence.

Activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway involving CHOP in the lungs of rats with hyperoxia­induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

The molecular pathomechanisms underlying bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remain to be fully elucidated, however, lung injury is considered to be a key event. The present study was performed to determine the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and investigate the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in a BPD rat model. A total of 48 preterm Sprague­Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group and a hyperoxia group. The rats in the BPD group were exposed to 85% hyperoxia, while the rats in the control group were exposed to room air. A total of eight rats in each group were sacrificed 7, 14 or 21 days after exposure. The expression levels of 78­kDa glucose­regulated/binding immunoglobulin protein (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in the lung tissues were examined using immunohistochemistry, and the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78 and CHOP were detected using reverse transcription­quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively. In addition, the levels of apoptosis in the lung cells were evaluated suing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase­mediated dUTP nick­end labeling. It was demonstrated that the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78 and CHOP, and the levels of cell apoptosis in the hyperoxia group differed significantly from those in the control group (P<0.05) at different time­points, and increased with extension of the duration of hyperoxic exposure. These data demonstrated that the ER stress pathway, involving CHOP, is activated and is important in the pathogenesis of BPD.