ABSTRACT
The prevalence of Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) is increasing worldwide. The advancement in molecular diagnostic technology has greatly promoted the rapid diagnosis of NTM-PD clinically, and the pathogenic strains can be identified to the species level through molecular typing, which provides a reliable basis for treatment. In addition to the well-known PCR and mNGS methods, there are numerous alternative methods to identify NTM to the species level. The treatment of NTM-PD remains a challenging problem. Although clinical guidelines outline several treatment options for common NTM species infections, in most cases, the therapeutic outcomes of these drugs for NTM-PD often fall short of expectations. At present, the focus of research is to find more effective and more tolerable NTM-PD therapeutic drugs and regimens. In this paper, the latest diagnostic techniques, therapeutic drugs and methods, and prevention of NTM-PD are reviewed.
Subject(s)
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria , Humans , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/drug therapy , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/microbiology , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/genetics , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/drug effects , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/isolation & purification , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/classification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung Diseases/microbiology , Lung Diseases/drug therapy , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methodsABSTRACT
Sarglaromatics A-E (1-5, respectively), five unprecedented naphthalene-like architecture-fused norlindenane sesquiterpene dimers, were discovered from the roots of Sarcandra glabra. The unique naphthalene core skeleton was obtained from classical lindenane [4 + 2] dimers via a free-radical-mediated C11-C11' bond formation reaction and 12'-decarboxylation. The highly fused octonary ring skeleton was elucidated by HRMS, NMR, ECD, quantum chemical calculations, and biogenetic inspiration. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant anti-nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) activity by inhibiting lipid deposition in L02 cells.
