ABSTRACT
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common head and neck cancer with high mortality in developing countries. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of tumor progression in laryngeal cancer is needed for new treatment strategies. MicroRNA-29a has been emerged as a critical miRNA in various cancers, and shown to regulate multiple oncogenic processes. In this study, we investigated the tumor suppressive role of miRNA-29a in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. We performed cell-based functional analysis after overexpression of miR-29a in AMC-HN-8 and HEP2 cells in vitro. It turned out that ectopic expression of miR-29a significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in two LSCC cell lines (AMC-HN-8 and Hep2) in vitro. Further downstream target analysis by western blotting and luciferease reporter assay showed that overexpression of miR-29a significantly downregulated expression of STAT3, and STAT3 is a putative direct target of miR-29a in LSCC. In addition, the tumor suppressive function of miR-29a can be abrogated by forced expression of STAT3. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-29a functions as a tumor suppressor through targeting STAT3 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Subject(s)
MicroRNAs/genetics , STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics , Apoptosis/genetics , Carcinogenesis/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement/genetics , Cell Proliferation/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Genes, Tumor Suppressor , Humans , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/pathologyABSTRACT
Migration and variation of odorous compounds as geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and residual chlorine in drinking water taken from Huangpu River were studied by using headspace solid phase microextraction procedure (HSPME) and gas chromatograph with mass spectrometry. The results showed that, raw water, processed water, pipe water (taken from pump station) and secondary-supply water all contained MIB and geosmin ranging from 2 ng/L to 18 ng/L and 2.68 ng/L to 5.06 ng/L respectively and decreased dramatically during the water processing and distribution system. MIB is proved to be a kind of the odorous compounds in drinking water of Shanghai by comparing the concentrations of MIB and GSM with their odor threshold. The concentration of residual chlorine declined greatly in the distribution system, but because of the high value at the outlet of waterworks, it still may exceeded the influence of MIB and cause the odour problems.
