ABSTRACT
Energetic Metal-Organic Framework (EMOF) compounds have gained significant attention in recent years as a hot research topic in the fields of explosives and propellants. This article provides an overview of the latest research progress of EMOFs in various areas, including heat-resistant explosives, burning rate catalysts and initiating explosives. It discusses the recent development trends of high-energy EMOFs, such as high-dimensional and solvent-free structural design, simplified and scalable synthesis conditions, environmentally friendly manufacturing processes with tunable structures, high-energy, low-sensitivity and multifunctional target products. The challenges and issues faced by EMOFs in heat-resistant explosives, burning rate catalysts and initiating explosives are presented. Furthermore, the key research directions for future applications of EMOFs in the fields of explosives and propellants are discussed, including solvent-free high-dimensional EMOFs design and synthesis, precise modulation of EMOFs molecular composition and pore structure, improvement of accurate prediction methods for physicochemical properties of high-energy EMOFs, low-cost large-scale production and development of multifunctional composite EMOFs as energetic materials, exploration of influencing factors, and comprehensive study on the application of novel and high-performance multifunctional EMOFs.
ABSTRACT
Recently, the development of porous absorbents for efficient CO2 and I2 capture has attracted considerable attention because of severe global climate change and environmental issues with the nuclear energy. Hence, a unique porous metal-organic framework (MOF), {[Co(L)]·DMF·2H2O}n (1, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) with uncoordinated N atoms was rationally constructed via using a heterofunctional 4,6-bis(4'-carboxyphenyl)pyrimidine (H2L) linker. Interestingly, 1 exhibits exceptional properties for I2 sorption, CO2 capture, and catalytic conversion. Particularly, I2 can be efficiently removed in both vapor and solution forms, and the adsorption amount can reach 676.25 and 345.28 mg g-1, respectively. Furthermore, complex 1 displays high adsorption capacity for CO2 (53.78 cm3 g-1, 273 K). Consequently, 1 is expected to be a promising and practical material for environmental purification due to its excellent adsorption properties.
ABSTRACT
Several new isostructural lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), {[Ln2(L)3DMA4]·2DMA}n (1-Ln, where Ln = Eu, Tb, or EuxTb1-x), were first constructed via the solvothermal reactions of 4,6-di(4-carboxyphenyl)pyrimidine and Ln3+ ions. 1-Ln exhibits a 4-connected two-dimensional framework endowed with uncoordinated Lewis base sites. An exploration of luminescence sensing demonstrated 1-Eu can be used for the selectivity detection of dimetridazole and metronidazole antibiotics in other antibiotics, blood plasma, and urine, acting as an exceptional recyclable luminescent probe. More importantly, the luminescent inks of 1-Ln are invisible, color adjustable, and stabilized, which may greatly improve their anticounterfeiting applications.
Subject(s)
Lanthanoid Series Elements , Metal-Organic Frameworks , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Lanthanoid Series Elements/chemistry , Lewis Bases , LuminescenceABSTRACT
A series of isomorphic lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), {[Ln(L)(H2O)2]·5H2O}n (1-Ln, where Ln = Eu, Tb, Gd, and EuxTb1-x), have been synthesized by a rigid 1,3-bis(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)imidazolium chloride (H4L+Cl-) ligand and Ln3+ ions via a solvothermal method. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicated that 1-Ln exhibited similar three-dimensional porous frameworks with one-dimensional channels decorated by the uncoordinated carboxylate oxygen atoms. The luminescent sensing studies indicated that 1-Eu is an outstanding reusable luminescent probe suitable for the simultaneous detection of Cr2O72-, CrO42-, and MnO4- ions in an aqueous solution. Remarkably, the different proportions of Eu3+ and Tb3+ can be combined into the same Ln-MOF to yield a new series of differently doped 1-EuxTb1-x MOFs. At the same excitation wavelength, they generated dual-emission peaks of Eu3+ and Tb3+ to show a gradual change in luminous color between yellow-green, yellow, orange, orange-red, and red. On the basis of the excellent optical properties of 1-Ln complexes, they can be employed as promising luminescent probe and multicolor tunable photoluminescence materials.
ABSTRACT
Owing to the rapid increase of Hg(II) ions in water resources, the design and development of new adsorbents for Hg(II) removal are becoming a significant challenge in environmental protection. Herein, a thiol-functionalized metal-organic framework (SH-MiL-68(In)) was successfully prepared through a post-synthesis modification procedure, and the framework intactness and porosity were well maintained after this process. SH-MiL-68(In) exhibited selective adsorption performance for Hg(II) ions in water. Meanwhile, SH-MiL-68(In) also shows a high adsorption capacity (450 mg g-1), large adsorption rate (rate constant k2 = 1.25 g mg-1 min-1), and good recycling of adsorption capacity toward Hg(II) ions. The excellent adsorption performance resulted from the strong binding interactions between -SH soft basic groups and Hg(II) soft acidic ions.
ABSTRACT
A new luminescent metal-organic framework, {[Cd3(HL)2(H2O)3]·3H2O·2CH3CN}n (1) (H4L = 1-(3,5-dicarboxylatobenzyl)-3,5-pyrazole dicarboxylic acid), has been synthesized by solvothermal reaction and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry measurements and so on. 1 shows a new trinodal (4,4,6)-connected topology. Importantly, 1 displays intense luminescence in the solid state and high luminescent sensitivity and selectivity for Fe3+, CrO42- and Cr2O72- ions in aqueous solution, making it a potential probe for detecting these substances. The quenching mechanisms are also further discussed in detail. In addition, further research on the adsorption of dyes shows that 1 can selectively adsorb Congo red dye from other dye molecules.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical potential of transcription factor (TCF) 21 methylation in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). TCF21 methylation levels were quantified in renal tissues (55 cases of RCC tissue and 22 cases of normal tissue) and urine samples (33 cases of urine samples with RCC and 15 cases of normal urine samples) using pyrosequencing. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to investigate the correlation between TCF21 methylation levels and clinical parameters (gender, age, smoking history, Fuhrman grade and clinical stage). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to evaluate the accuracy of predictive diagnosis of RCC. TCF21 methylation levels were significantly increased in RCC samples compared with normal renal tissues and urine samples. The Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the TCF21 methylation level was positively associated with age (P=0.002), smoking (P=0.017) and Fuhrman grade (P=0.045) in RCC tissues and was positively associated with tumor size (P<0.001), Fuhrman grade (P=0.017) and clinical stage (P=0.017) in urine samples. ROC curves revealed that the cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were 23.61, 89.00 and 61.90%, respectively in tissue samples, and 26.84, 79 and 100%, respectively in urine samples. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the area under the curve between the tissue and urine samples (P=0.004). The results of the present study indicate that TCF21 may be used as a biomarker for diagnosing RCC, and TCF21 methylation levels in urine samples may be a useful means of diagnosing RCC.
