[Development of a Laser On-Line Cement Raw Material Analysis Equipment].

In engineering construction, cement quality directly affects the safety of construction projects. So it is necessary that we use qualified cement in the engineering structure. It is of great signification that a method detects cement raw material rapidly to adjust the mixture ratio of raw ores to ensure the cement quality. Traditional detection method needs sampling, sample preparation and test, etc. With many procedures, the test results are seriously lagged behind the production process. This paper introduces a set of online analysis equipment to determinate elemental composition of cement powder timely based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. This equipment is composed of a LIBS detection system and a pneumatic system. The equipment can achieve the real-time measurement for it needn't sample preparation. Thus, it can guide cement raw material proportioning in time. In this paper, we have quantitatively analyzed the main components of Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, MgO and SiO2 in the cement raw materials using the full spectrum normalization method as well as the support vector machine. The corresponding maximum absolute errors were 0.34%, 0.35%, 0.07%, 0.14%, and 0.55%, respectively. Results showed that the measurement results of the newly developed LIBS equipment are in accord with those of the conventional chemical method. Furthermore, the measurement precision is in line with X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry. It is confirmed that the LIBS technique could be a prospect method for determination of elemental composition in the cement production industries.

[Development of a Laboratory Cement Quality Analysis Apparatus Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy].

A laboratory cement quality analysis apparatus based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been developed for rapid analysis of cement composition and ratio values. In this paper, the overall structure, the optical system, the sample preparation process, as well as the spectral data analysis methods are introduced. The calibration model is established with internal standard method. A comparison as to the measurement results between LIBS and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) has been made and being analyzed. It shows that by using the LIBS apparatus, the mean absolute error of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 in cement raw materials is 0.46%, 0.25%, 0.13%, and 0.05%, respectively, while the mean absolute error of the ratio value such as KH, SM, and IM in cement clinker is 0.02, 0.05, and 0.04, respectively. The generated cement plasmas are verified to be in the local thermal equilibrium (LTE) condition by calculating both the plasma temperature and the electron density.

Hypertension knowledge, awareness, and self-management behaviors affect hypertension control: a community-based study in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate correlations between hypertensive patients' knowledge of hypertension, awareness of hypertension education, self-management behaviors, and hypertension control. METHODS: Hypertensive patients from 5 community health centers in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China, were enrolled into this study. Data were collected via patient interviews and a questionnaire survey. Independent influence factors for hypertension control were identified by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In total, 3,328 hypertensive patients, including 1,935 females and 1,390 males with a mean age 70.6 years, were studied. The mean systolic blood pressure was 133.1 mm Hg. The mean diastolic blood pressure was 80.5 mm Hg. Hypertension was controlled in 1,050 (36.1%) patients. Independent influence factors for failed hypertension control were comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and stroke. Patients who knew that 'high blood pressure is related to salt intake' and were willing to receive regular health education were less likely to fail in hypertension control. Patients who visited clinics because of fear of complications and visited medical institutions other than community health centers for hypertension were more likely to fail in hypertension control. CONCLUSIONS: In Shanghai, failed hypertension control is significantly associated with chronic disease history. Limiting salt intake, receiving regular health education, and visiting community health centers for hypertension care may help control hypertension.

[Relationship between colorectal adenocarcinoma with invasive micropapillary carcinoma component and lymph node metastasis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between colorectal adenocarcinoma with invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) component, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis. METHODS: One hundred and thirty one cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma with invasive micropapillary carcinoma component were evaluated by H&E and immunohistochemical staining. The main pathological features, percentage of IMPC component, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis were assessed and compared to 296 cases of conventional colorectal adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: The maximum diameter of the tumors of the IMPC group was significantly lower than the conventional group. The degree of differentiation, the lymph node metastatic rate, the average number of metastatic lymph nodes, the number of cases with lymphovascular tumor emboli were significantly higher in the IMPC group (P = 0.000). The rate of distant metastasis at operation was higher in the IMPC group (14.5%) compared to the conventional group (10.8%) even though statistical significance was not achieved (P = 0.278) . In IMPC group, as the IMPC component increased, the rate of lymph node metastasis also showed an increasing trend. The rate of lymph node metastasis were 53.0% (157/296) , 67.7% (42/62) and 85.5% (59/69) " respectively" for conventional adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma with ≤ 10% IMPC component and adenocarcinoma with > 10% IMPC component; the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to conventional colorectal adenocarcinomas, the colorectal carcinomas with IMPC component show a significantly higher rate of lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. The percentage of IMPC component in colorectal adenocarcinoma is significantly correlated to the rate of lymph node metastasis. Therefore, presence of IMPC component and degree of tumor differentiation are predicting factors of lymph node metastasis.