AIE based GSH activatable photosensitizer for imaging-guided photodynamic therapy.

A novel ferrocene decorated vinyl pyridinium-substituted tetraphenylethylene (TPEPY-S-Fc) linked by a disulfide bond was designed as a GSH activatable photosensitizer by aggregation-induced emission for imaging-guided photodynamic therapy of cancer cells.

[Generation of a herpes simplex virus-permissive mouse melanoma cell line B16RHSV].

OBJECTIVE: To generate an oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) permissive mouse melanoma cell line B16RHSV, preserving the tumorigenic ability in syngeneic mice. METHODS: The herpes simplex virus entry mediator (HVEM) gene was amplified by PCR from human melanoma cell line A375, and cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector for sequencing. The HVEM gene was then cloned into pcDNA3 vector to generate pcDNA3-HVEM for transfection of mouse melanoma cell line B16-F10 cells. After that, the putative transfected cells were selected in full growth medium containing G418. The HVEM-expressing cells were isolated by immunomagnetic bead separation. The mouse melanoma cell line expressing oHSV receptor-HVEM, designated as B16RHSV, was generated. The permissibility of B16RHSV cells to oHSV infection was examined with green fluorescence protein (GFP)-expressing oHSV (oHSVGFP). To investigate the tumorigenic ability of both cells in vivo, 2×10(5) cells in 100 µl were subcutaneously inoculated into the right flanks of C57/BL mice. RESULTS: In vitro, the B16RHSV mouse melanoma cells were shown by fluorescence microscopy capable of being infected by oHSVGFP. In vivo, the B16RHSV cells, like their wild type counterpart, grew to form melanoma in syngeneic mice. CONCLUSION: A herpes simplex virus-permissive mouse melanoma cell line was established. Its tumorigenicity remained unchanged.

Identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil by constant energy synchronous fluorescence detection.

In this paper, a novel method of constant energy synchronous fluorescence (CESF) was proposed to the simultaneous determination of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a mixture of 16 components. When different appropriate intervals of the constant energy (Deltanu=1400 or 4800cm(-1)) were chosen during constant energy synchronous scanning, 13 PAHs could be identified and quantified by the corresponding synchronous spectra. Results show that their linear relations are fine and the limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.2 and 7.6ngml(-1). Then the application of CESF method proposed in the analysis of the real soil samples under the optimum conditions indicated that 11 PAHs could be identified and the total concentration of PAHs in a real soil sample is 5.1microg g(-1), most of PAHs in the soil samples had three or four rings. Recoveries of these PAHs were from 70.9 to 121.4% in most cases. This CESF method is a simple, rapid, sensitive method with high resolution and also suitable to analyze the complex mixtures of PAHs in other environmental samples.

Cellular immune response is not associated with incident cancer or total mortality: a prospective follow-up.

The objective of this study was to determine whether immunologic competence, as measured by lymphocyte stimulation indices from three different ex vivo challenges, is associated with subsequent risk of cancer or total mortality in Linzhou, China, a population at high risk for upper gastrointestinal cancers. Cellular immune function tests were conducted on a subgroup of 381 trial participants after 5.25 years of intervention to evaluate whether nutrient supplementation affected the cellular immune system and found significantly higher T-lymphocyte mitogenic responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin-M among men receiving daily supplementation of beta-carotene (15 mg) plus selenium (50 mug) plus alpha-tocopherol (30 mg) (supplementation factor D) compared with those who did not receive this supplement (P<0.05). The current analysis reports 10 years of post-trial prospective follow-up of these 381 trial participants and identifies 53 incident cancers, 48 (92%) of which were upper gastrointestinal cancers, including 22 esophageal cancers, 22 gastric cardia cancers, and four noncardia gastric cancers. Ninety-one deaths occurred among the 381 participants, including 33 upper gastrointestinal cancer deaths, 23 heart disease deaths, 16 stroke deaths, and seven fatal accidents. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models including variables for age at time of tests, sex, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and original trial treatment group showed no significant associations between phytohemagglutinin-M, concanavalin-A, or anti-CD3 stimulation indices and subsequent cancer incidence or total mortality. This implies that immune competence, as measured by these stimulation indices, is not associated with incident cancer or total mortality in this population.

[Experimental study of the immuno-protective activity of recombinant vaccinia virus expressing HPV58 E7].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine expressing HPV58 E7 and to determine its immuno-protective activity in mice bearing HPV58 E7+ tumor. METHODS: E7 DNA was amplified and cloned from a plasmid containing HPV58 E7 genome by PCR. To abolish its transforming activity, the nucleotides coding for amino acid residues at positions 24 and 92 were modified by site-directed mutagenesis so that cysteine was substituted by glycine. Balb/c 3T3 cells were transfected with mE7. The expression of E7 protein by the mE7-transfected Balb/c cells was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The transfected cells were observed in vitro for anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenesis in nude mice. Recombinant E7 vaccinia virus vaccine was constructed by homologous recombination of HPV58 E7 vaccinia expression plasmid and vaccinia virus (Tiantan stain). The immuno-protective activity of the vaccines was determined by tumor growth inhibition and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) induction in vaccine-immunized syngeneic mice. RESULTS: Substitution of cysteine by glycine at both positions 24 and 92 of HPV58 E7 abolished its transforming activity. Growth of HPV E7+ tumor in mice immunized with the recombinant vaccinia virus expressing HPV58 E7 was inhibited, and the surviving time of the immunized mice was prolonged. CTL activity was induced as revealed by in vitro cytotoxicity assay using E7+ tumor cells as target cells. CONCLUSIONS: HPV58 E7, with its transforming potential abolished, may be used as vaccine for immunotherapy of patients with HPV 58 related cancers.