[Habitat characteristics of Octopus ocellatus and their relationship with environmental factors during spring in Haizhou Bay, China]. / æµ·å·žæ¹¾æ˜¥å­£çŸ­è›¸çš„æ –æ¯åˆ†å¸ƒç‰¹å¾åŠå ¶ä¸ŽçŽ¯å¢ƒå› å­çš„å ³ç³».

In recent years, a variety of important fishery resources in China's coastal waters have declined. Octopus ocellatus has the characteristics of short life cycle and rapid growth, with great contributions to fisheries of China's coastal waters. However, we know little about the habitat distribution characteristics of O. ocellatus and its relationship with environmental factors, which is not conducive to better protection and utilization of its resources. Here, we analyzed the distribution characteristics of O. ocellatus and its relationship with environmental factors using three machine learning methods, i.e., random forest model, artificial neural network model, and generalized boosted regression models, based on the survey data of fishery resources and habitat in Haizhou Bay during spring of 2011 and 2013-2017. Among the three models, random forest model had great advantages in the fitting effect and prediction ability. The model analysis results showed that sea bottom temperature, seawater depth and sea bottom salinity had significant effects on the habitat distribution of O. ocellatus. The relative resource density of O. octopus increased first and then decreased with the increases of sea bottom temperature, seawater depth, and sea bottom salinity. Based on environmental data simulated by the FVCOM model, we predicted the habitat distribution of O. ocellatus in Haizhou Bay using random forest model and found that O. ocellatus was mainly distributed in the area between 34.5°-35.8° N and 119.7°-121° E.

Evaluating the effectiveness of a CRSCE-based de-escalation training program among psychiatric nurses: a study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The high incidence of workplace violence (WPV) in clinical mental health settings has caused a series of negative impacts on nurses, which has subsequently increased public concern. De-escalation (DE) is recommended as a training program which aims at providing nurses with skills and strategies to more effectively respond and manage WPV. Very few studies have examined the effectiveness of DE training, with current studies possessing various limitations due to their design and small sample sizes. By using a cluster randomized controlled design, the proposed study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a CRCSE-based DE training programs among psychiatric nurses. METHOD: A cluster randomized controlled trial, with a 6-month follow-up period after the end of the intervention, will be conducted among psychiatric hospitals in Guangdong, China. The randomization unit is each involved psychiatric hospital. Participants in the control group will be assigned to routine WPV management training, participants of the intervention group will undergo the same training while additionally receiving DE training. The DE training will include the following five modules: communication, response, solution, care, and environment (CRSCE). Primary outcomes are objective clinical indicators, which will be extracted from the information systems of the enrolled hospitals. These include the incidence of WPV, injuries caused by WPV, and the use of coercion (physical restraint and seclusion) by nurses. Secondary outcomes, aims at evaluating the effects of DE training on nurses, include the capacity of DE, DE confidence, level of job burnout, and professional quality of life. Data will be collected at baseline (T0), at 3 months (T1, intervention completed), and at 6 months after intervention (T2, follow-up). DISCUSSION: This study will offer trial-based evidence of the efficacy of a DE training program targeted at WPV among psychiatric nurses. DE training is expected to reduce both the total incidence and negative impacts of WPV, with additional improvements in psychiatric nurses' coping skills. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900022211 . Prospectively registered on 30 March 2019.

Oxygen-Evolving Mesoporous Organosilica Coated Prussian Blue Nanoplatform for Highly Efficient Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors.

Oxygen (O2) plays a critical role during photodynamic therapy (PDT), however, hypoxia is quite common in most solid tumors, which limits the PDT efficacy and promotes the tumor aggression. Here, a safe and multifunctional oxygen-evolving nanoplatform is costructured to overcome this problem. It is composed of a prussian blue (PB) core and chlorin e6 (Ce6) anchored periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) shell (denoted as PB@PMO-Ce6). In the highly integrated nanoplatform, the PB with catalase-like activity can catalyze hydrogen peroxide to generate O2, and the Ce6 transform the O2 to generate more reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon laser irradiation for PDT. This PB@PMO-Ce6 nanoplatform presents well-defined core-shell structure, uniform diameter (105 ± 12 nm), and high biocompatibility. This study confirms that the PB@PMO-Ce6 nanoplatform can generate more ROS to enhance PDT than free Ce6 in cellular level (p < 0.001). In vivo, the singlet oxygen sensor green staining, tumor volume of tumor-bearing mice, and histopathological analysis demonstrate that this oxygen-evolving nanoplatform can elevate singlet oxygen to effectively inhibit tumor growth without obvious damage to major organs. The preliminary results from this study indicate the potential of biocompatible PB@PMO-Ce6 nanoplatform to elevate O2 and ROS for improving PDT efficacy.

Effects of strong interactions between Ti and ceria on the structures of Ti/CeO2.

The effects of strong interactions between Ti and ceria on the structures of Ti/CeO2(111) are systematically investigated by density functional theory calculation. To our best knowledge, the adsorption energy of a Ti atom at the hollow site of CeO2 is the highest value (-7.99 eV) reported in the literature compared with those of Au (-0.88--1.26 eV), Ag (-1.42 eV), Cu (-2.69 eV), Pd (-1.75 eV), Pt (-2.62 eV) and Sn (-3.68 eV). It is very interesting to find that Ti adatoms disperse at the hollow site of CeO2(111) to form surface TiOx species, instead of aggregating to form Ti metal clusters for the Ti-CeO2 interactions that are much stronger than those of Ti-Ti ones. Ti adatoms are completely oxidized to Ti4+ ions if they are monatomically dispersed on the next near hollow sites of CeO2(111) (xTi-NN-hollow); while Ti3+ ions are observed when they locate at the near hollow sites (xTi-N-hollow). Due to the electronic repulsive effects among Ti3+ ions, the adsorption energies of xTi-N-hollow are slightly weaker than those of xTi-NN-hollow. Simultaneously, the existence of unstable Ti3+ ions on xTi-N-hollow also leads to the restructuring of xTi-N-hollow by surface O atoms of ceria transferring to the top of Ti3+ ions, or oxidation by O2 adsorption and dissociation. Both processes improve the stability of the xTi/CeO2 system by Ti3+ oxidation. Correspondingly, surface TiO2-like species form. This work sheds light into the structures of metal/CeO2 catalysts with strong interactions between the metal and the ceria support.

A Multifunctional PB@mSiO2-PEG/DOX Nanoplatform for Combined Photothermal-Chemotherapy of Tumor.

In this work, we design mesoporous silica-coated Prussian blue nanocubes with PEGyltation to construct multifunctional PB@mSiO2-PEG nanocubes. The PB@mSiO2-PEG nanocubes have good biocompatibility, excellent photothermal transformation capacity, in vivo magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging ability. After loading antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX) in the PB@mSiO2-PEG nanocubes, the constructured PB@mSiO2-PEG/DOX nanoplatforms show an excellent pH-responsive drug release character within 48 h, namely, an ultralow cumulative drug release amount of 3.1% at pH 7.4 and a high release amount of 46.6% at pH 5.0. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, the PB@mSiO2-PEG/DOX nanoplatforms show an enhanced synergistic photothermal and chemical therapeutic efficacy for breast cancer than solo photothermal therapy or chemotherapy.

Relationship between COX-2 and cell cycle-regulatory proteins in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

AIM: To investigate the correlation between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cell cycle-regulatory proteins in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS: One hundred and two surgically obtained specimens of ESCC were randomly collected. All specimens were obtained from patients who had not received chemo- or radiotherapy prior to surgical resection. Twenty-eight specimens of normal squamous epithelium served as controls. The expression of COX-2, Ki-67, cyclin A and p27 was examined by immunohistochemistry. The Pearson test was used to analyze the relationship between groups. RESULTS: The protein level of COX-2, Ki-67 and cyclin A was significantly higher in ESCC than in normal squamous epithelium (74.7 ± 61.2 vs 30.2 ± 43.4, 64.0 ± 51.6 vs 11.6 ± 2.3, 44.2 ± 32.2 vs 11.7 ± 5.0, respectively, all P < 0.01). In contrast, the protein level of p27 was significantly lower in ESCC than in normal squamous epithelium (182.0 ± 69.0 vs 266.4 ± 28.0, P < 0.01). In ESCC, COX-2 expression was correlated with T stage, the score of T1-T2 stage was lower than that of T3-T4 stage (55.0 ± 42.3 vs 83.0 ± 66.5, P < 0.05), and Ki-67, cyclin A and p27 expressions were correlated with the tumor differentiation (43.8 ± 31.7 vs 98.4 ± 84.8, 32.0 ± 19.0 vs 54.1 ± 53.7, 206.2 ± 61.5 vs 123.5 ± 68.3, respectively, all P < 0.01). COX-2 expression was positively correlated to Ki-67, cyclin A and negatively correlated to p27 expression in ESCC (r = 0.270, 0.233 and -0.311, respectively, all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The expression of COX-2 is correlated with tumor cell invasion and is closely related to the cell proliferation in patients with ESCC.