ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effect of lycopene combined with quercetin and curcumin on chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in rats and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: Thirty-three 6-week-old SD male rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal control (n = 3), CP/CPPS model control (n = 6), quercetin (n= 6), curcumin (n = 6), lycopene (n = 6) and combination therapy (n = 6). CP/CPPS was induced by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant into the ventral lobe of the prostate in the latter five groups of rats. After modeling, the rats in the normal and CP/CPPS model control groups were given corn oil by gavage, and those in the latter four groups treated intragastrically with quercetin at 50 mg/kg/d, curcumin at 50 mg/kg/d, lycopene at 10 mg/kg/d, and quercetin + curcumin + lycopene, respectively, once daily for a course of 4 weeks. Then, cardiac blood and prostate tissue samples were collected from the rats for measurement of related indexes. RESULTS: Histopathological changes in the model rats were basically consistent with the characteristics of CP/CPPS. The expressions of the inflammatory factors IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, TNFα, MCP1 and MIP-1α in the prostate tissue were all dramatically decreased in the quercetin, curcumin, lycopene and combination therapy groups compared with those in the normal controls (P < 0.01), even lower in the combination therapy group than in the quercetin, curcumin and lycopene groups (P < 0.05). The activities of the oxides CAT, GSH-PX and T-SOD were significantly increased and that of MDA decreased in the four treatment groups (P < 0.05), even more significantly in the combination therapy group than in the other three (P < 0.01). The phosphorylation of MAPKs was inhibited, the activation of NF-kB blocked and the transcriptional activity of Nrf2 enhanced in the four treatment groups (P < 0.05), even more significantly in the combination therapy group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Lycopene combined with quercetin and curcumin is more effective than any of the three drugs used alone in the treatment of CP/CPPS, which may be associated with its alleviation of inflammatory response and oxidative stress by interaction between the NF-κB, MAPKs and Nrf2 signaling pathways.?
