A lower eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio is associated with greater cardiovascular risk (higher Framingham Risk Score) in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Shrunken pore syndrome (SPS) is defined as eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio <0.70 and predicts high CVD mortality. The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is used to estimate an individual's 10-year CVD risk. This study investigated the association between FRS and eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio in T2DM patients. METHODS: Patients aged 18-80 years who were newly diagnosed with T2DM were included in this retrospective study. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between risk factors of T2DM and FRS. A Generalized Linear Model was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: There were 270 patients included in the study. Only 27 patients (10%) met the diagnostic criteria of SPS. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that SPS was not correlated with FRS risk (OR = 1.99, 95%CI = 0.94-4.23, p = 0.07), whereas eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine (OR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.77-0.97, p = 0.01) showed a significant negative association with FRS risk. Compared with eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine>0.85, eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine≤0.85 increased FRS risk (OR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.18-3.21, p < 0.01). After adjustment for confounding factors, increased eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio was associated with decreased FRS risk when considered as a continuous variable (OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.77-0.99, p = 0.03). The FRS risk in patients with eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine≤0.85 is 1.86 times higher than that in patients with eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine>0.85 (OR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.08-3.21, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, no significant association between SPS and FRS was identified. However, lower eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine and eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine≤0.85 were associated with a significantly increased CVD risk in T2DM.

Patient-derived intrafemoral orthotopic xenografts of peripheral blood or bone marrow from acute myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: clinical characterization, methodology, and validation.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are malignant clonal diseases of the hematopoietic system with an unsatisfactory overall prognosis. The main obstacle is the increased resistance of AML and ALL cells to chemotherapy. The development and validation of new therapeutic strategies for acute leukemia require preclinical models that accurately recapitulate the genetic, pathological, and clinical features of acute leukemia. A patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model is established using surgical orthotopic implantation. They closely resemble human tumor progression and microenvironment and are more reliable translational research tools than subcutaneous-transplant models. In this study, we established PDOX models by direct intrafemoral injection of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells from AML and ALL patients, characterized their pathology, cytology, and genetics, and compared the model's characteristics and drug responsiveness with those of the corresponding patients.

Association between serum elastin-derived peptides and abdominal aortic calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients experience accelerated arterial aging, which is characterized by elastin degradation. Elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) are direct products of elastin fragmentation. This study tried to explore the association between serum EDPs and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in PD patients. METHODS: Serum levels of EDPs were analyzed in 126 eligible PD patients and 30 controls. PD patients were grouped according to the annularity of AAC evaluated by an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. Serum EDPs were analyzed in relation to the presence of AAC or severe AAC in PD patients by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Serum EDPs in PD patients were significantly higher than age-matched controls. In 126 PD patients, higher EDPs was associated with greater risk of present AAC (OR = 1.056, 95%CI 1.010-1.103) and severe AAC (OR = 1.062, 95%CI 1.004-1.123). A combination of EDPs substantially improved the accuracy of diagnostic performance for AAC and severe AAC. CONCLUSIONS: EDPs can predict the presence and extent of AAC in PD patients, indicating its possible role to recognize PD patients at risk for AAC and severe AAC.