ABSTRACT
This study examined the antibacterial effect of protoporphyrin IX-ethylenediamine derivative (PPIX-ED)-mediated photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PPIX-ED-PACT) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo. PPIX-ED potently inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by inducing reactive oxygen species production via photoactivation. Atomic force microscopy revealed that PPIX-ED-PACT induced the leakage of bacterial content by degrading the bacterial membrane and wall. As revealed using acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, PPIX-ED-PACT altered the permeability of the bacterial membrane. In addition, the antibacterial effect of PPIX-ED-PACT was demonstrated in an in vivo model of P. aeruginosa-infected wounds. PPIX-ED (100 µM) decreased the number of P. aeruginosa colony-forming units by 4.2 log10. Moreover, histological analysis illustrated that the wound healing rate was 98% on day 14 after treatment, which was 10% higher than that in the control group. According to the present findings, PPIX-ED-PACT can effectively inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Photochemotherapy , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/physiology , Wound Infection/drug therapy , Wound Infection/microbiology , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cell Membrane/drug effects , Cell Membrane/radiation effects , Ethylenediamines/chemistry , Ethylenediamines/pharmacology , Ethylenediamines/therapeutic use , Female , Light , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Microbial Viability/drug effects , Models, Biological , NIH 3T3 Cells , Photobleaching , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Protoporphyrins/chemistry , Protoporphyrins/pharmacology , Protoporphyrins/therapeutic use , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/radiation effects , Wound Healing/drug effectsABSTRACT
Glasses with zero focal-length lens and different shades of red, yellow and blue were studied in terms of absorbance by UV-Vis spectral absorption method. The effect of lens with different shades of the same color on stereoscopic vision was comparatively studied from the medical view. The study has shown that, for yellow and blue lens, there is no difference in the absorbance between the deep-color and light-color lens in UV; at 550 nm, the absorbance of deep-color lens is higher than that of light-color lens. Whereas, for red lens, the absorbance of light-color lens in UV is higher, and at 550 nm, still higher than that of deep-color. Those with light-color glasses of yellow or blue have much better stereoscopic vision than those with deep-color glasses, while the case is inversed as to those wearing red glasses. The conclusion can be drawn that the effect of lens with different shades on stereoscopic vision depends on the absorbance of lens at 550 nm, and the higher the absorbance, the stronger the effect.
Subject(s)
Depth Perception , Eyeglasses , Absorption , Color , Humans , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
The experiment makes C60 composite material by mixing up C60 and polymethyl methacrylate. Then three minor studies are conducted: (1) Studying the relation of refractivity of the material with the change in temperature. (2) Studying the different change in refractivity with different amount of C60 in the composite material. (3) Studying the change in refractivity of the material radiated with ultraviolet radiation. A comparison is made between the above three cases. The result shows that: under different circumstances, the change in refractivity with the change of temperature differ.
