BMSC-derived Exosomes Ameliorate Peritoneal Dialysis-associated Peritoneal Fibrosis via the Mir-27a-3p/TP53 Pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is the main cause of declining efficiency and ultrafiltration failure of the peritoneum, which restricts the long-term application of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) on PF in response to PD. METHODS: Small RNA sequencing analysis of BMSC-Exos was performed by second-generation sequencing. C57BL/6J mice were infused with 4.25% glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) for 6 consecutive weeks to establish a PF model. A total of 36 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, 1.5% PDF group, 2.5% PDF group, 4.25% PDF group, BMSC-Exos treatment group, and BMSC-Exos+TP53 treatment group. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to measure the expression level of miR-27a-3p in BMSC-Exos and peritoneum of mice treated with different concentrations of PDF. HE and Masson staining were performed to evaluate the extent of PF. The therapeutic potential of BMSC-Exos for PF was examined through pathological examination, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and peritoneal function analyses. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HMrSV5 was induced with 4.25% PDF. Cells were divided into control group, 4.25% PDF group, BMSC-Exos treatment group, and BMSC-Exos+TP53 treatment group. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to measure cell viability, and transwell migration assay was used to verify the capacity of BMSC-Exos to inhibit EMT in HMrSV5 cells. RESULTS: Small RNA sequencing analysis showed that miR-27a-3p was highly expressed in BMSC-derived exosomes compared to BMSCs. The RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of miR-27a-3p was upregulated in BMSC-Exos, but decreased in PD mice. We found that PF was glucose concentration-dependently enhanced in the peritoneum of the PD mice. Compared with the control mice, the PD mice showed high solute transport and decreased ultrafiltration volume as well as an obvious fibroproliferative response, with markedly increased peritoneal thickness and higher expression of α-SMA, collagen-I, fibronectin, and ECM1. The mice with PD showed decreased miR-27a-3p. Peritoneal structural and functional damage was significantly attenuated after BMSC-Exos treatment, while PF and mesothelial damage were significantly ameliorated. Additionally, markers of fibrosis (α-SMA, collagen-I, fibronectin, ECM1) and profibrotic cytokines (TGF-ß1, PDGF) were downregulated at the mRNA and protein levels after BMSC-Exos treatment. In HMrSV5 cells, BMSC-Exos reversed the decrease in cell viability and the increase in cell migratory capacity caused by high-glucose PDF. Western blotting and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that BMSC-Exos treatment resulted in increased expression of E-cadherin (epithelial marker) and decreased expression of α-SMA, Snail, and vimentin (mesenchymal markers) compared to those of the 4.25% PDF-treated cells. Importantly, a dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that TP53 was a target gene of miR-27a-3p. TP53 overexpression significantly reversed the decreases in PF and EMT progression induced by BMSC-Exos. CONCLUSION: The present results demonstrate that BMSC-Exos showed an obvious protective effect on PD-related PF and suggest that BMSC-derived exosomal miR-27a-3p may exert its inhibitory effect on PF and EMT progression by targeting TP53.

Clinical characteristics and short-term mortality of 102 hospitalized hemodialysis patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.2.2.1 variant in Shanghai, China.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze clinical features and short-term mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron BA.2.2.1 variant. Methods: In a retrospective single-center case series, 102 consecutive hospitalized HD patients infected with the coronavirus omicron variant were assessed at Pudong Hospital in Shanghai, China, from April 6 to April 18, 2022; the final date of follow-up was May 16, 2022. Clinical, laboratory, chest CT, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. The association between these factors and all-cause mortality was studied using univariate and multivariate analyses. The relationship between lymphocyte count and short-term mortality was based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess overall survival. Results: In total, 102 patients were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: HD patients with pneumonia (N = 46) and without pneumonia (N = 56). Of the 102 patients, 12 (11.8%) died. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that all-cause mortality was correlated with lymphocyte counts and type B natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and D-dimer levels (P < 0.05). The cut-off value of lymphocyte counts was 0.61 × 109/L for all-cause mortality. The overall survival rate was significantly different between HD patients with and without pneumonia (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Lymphocyte counts are important for the prediction of short-term mortality in HD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. HD patients with lung involvement have poorer survival rates than those without lung involvement.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound as a valuable imaging modality for characterizing testicular lesions / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new form of ultrasound (US) that can dynamically display microvessels in a highly sensitive manner. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of CEUS for characterizing testicular lesions in comparison with conventional US. Forty-seven patients with testicular lesions were enrolled. The histopathology results revealed that 31 cases were neoplastic (11 cases of seminomas, 8 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, 8 lymphomas, 2 Leydig cell tumors, and 2 nonspecific tumors), and 16 cases were nonneoplastic (8 cases of infarctions, 3 epidermoid cysts, and 5 inflammation). The indicators of shallow lobulated morphology and cystic-solid echogenicity on conventional US were suggestive of germ cell tumors. More indicators on CEUS were found to be useful for characterizing testicular lesions. All the neoplastic lesions showed hyperenhancement on CEUS. Moreover, germ cell tumors presented with heterogeneous enhancement (73.7%, 14/19), a twisted blood vessel pattern, rapid wash-in and wash-out, and peripheral rim hyperenhancement signs. Lymphoma was characterized by nonbranching linear vessel patterns (87.5%, 7/8), rapid wash-in and slow wash-out. In nonneoplastic lesions, infarction and epidermoid cysts showed no enhancement, and abscesses were observed with marginal irregular enhancement. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CEUS for differentiating between neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions were 100%, 93.8%, and 97.9%, respectively, and these values were higher than those for conventional US (90.3%, 62.5%, and 80.9%, respectively). CEUS can sensitively reflect the microvascular perfusion in testicular lesions and offers high accuracy for characterizing them.

Intervention Effect of New Chinese Herbal Prescription Selected by Data Mining Against Decreased Ovarian Reserve in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To select and evaluate new Chinese herbal prescription for the treatment of decreased ovarian reserve （DOR） and its appropriate dosage. Method:The literature concerning the treatment of DOR with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） was retrieved from such databases as Chinese Journal Full-text Database， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， and Chongqing Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals （VIP）， based on which a database was established using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System （TCMISS） V2.5. The data mining was then carried out to obtain the core combinations of Chinese herbs and new Chinese herbal prescription combinations， followed by the determination of the new Chinese herbal prescription by expert group discussion for experiment evaluation. The female SD rats were divided into the normal group， DOR model group， Kuntai capsule group， and low-， medium-， and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups， with 12 rats in each group. Rats in the Kuntai capsule group and low-， medium-， and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups were treated with Kuntai capsule solution （0.5 g·kg^-1 determined according to the dosage in the instruction） and 3.037 5， 6.075， and 9.12 g·kg^-1 new Chinese herbal prescription， respectively. After 21 days， the estrous cycle was observed by vaginal exfoliated cell smear， and the ovarian structure was observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The serum anti-mullerian hormone （AMH）， follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and estrogen （E₂） contents as well as the reactive oxygen species （ROS）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， and glutathione （GSH） levels and superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） activities in ovary were detected using biochemical methods. Result:The new Chinese herbal prescription subjected to experimental evaluation was composed of 11 Chinese herbs， namely Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata 20 g， Cervi Cornus Colla 12 g， Lycii Fructus 20 g， Corni Fructus 12 g， Albiziae Cortex 9 g， Nelumbinis Plumula 3 g， Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 20 g， Astragali Radix 30 g， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma 12 g， Dioscoreae Rhizoma 30 g， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle 6 g. Compared with the model group， the Kuntai capsule group and medium- and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups exhibited significantly improved estrous cycle and follicular development， elevated serum AMH and E₂ and ovarian GSH （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， decreased serum FSH and LH （<italic>P</italic><0.05） and ovarian ROS and MDA （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and enhanced SOD， CAT， and GSH-Px activities （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. There were no significant differences in the above-mentioned indexes between the Kuntai capsule group and the middle- and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups， but the estrous cycle and follicular development were better in the latter two groups. Conclusion:The new Chinese herbal prescription screened by data mining is able to enhance ovarian antioxidation， promote follicular development， ameliorate serum hormone and estrous cycle， and effectively improve ovarian reserve function in DOR rats. The medium dose （6.075 g·kg^-1） has been proved optimal.

The role of the intestinal microflora dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease / 药学学报

In recent years the interaction between host and gut microbiota has attracted increasing attention. However, intestinal flora dysbiosis may lead to many diseases, and there is increasing evidence that the intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with the pathophysiological status of the host. "Gut-kidney axis" provides a better explanation of the two-way communication between intestinal flora and CKD. Impaired kidney function leads to dysbiosis of intestinal flora and an altered intestinal flora can damage the intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitate the entry into the bloodstream of harmful bacteria, which can induce chronic inflammation and thus accelerate renal injury. In addition, the accumulation of nephrotoxic metabolites from an altered intestinal flora can aggravate CKD in the "gut-kidney axis". Among them, p-cresol sulfate, indoxyl sulfate and trimethylamine oxide are the most widely studied metabolites of nephrotoxicity, and their renal toxicity has been widely confirmed in basic research and clinical studies. Current studies show that the intestinal microbiota-metabolite network is closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease. Thus, intervention in the intestinal microbiota may provide a new approach to the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.

Curcumin ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis via inhibition of transforming growth factor-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) pathway in a rat model of peritoneal dialysis.

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) remains a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). The goal of this study was to investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of curcumin on the PF response to PD and its' mechanism. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused with 20 mL of 4.25% glucose-based standard PD fluid for 8 consecutive weeks to establish PF model and then divided into five groups: Control, received sham operation and 0.9% physiological saline; PD, received 4.25% standard PD fluid; Curcumin, PD rats injected intraperitoeally with curcumin for 8 weeks at doses of 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg. Masson's staining was performed to evaluate the extent of PF. Peritoneal Equilibration Test (PET) was conducted to assess ultrafiltration volume (UFV) and mass transfer of glucose (MTG), quantitative RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry or western blotting were performed to measure the expression levels of inflammation and fibrosis-associated factors. We also detected the TGF-ß1 in peritoneal fluid by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the PD rats showed decreased UFV (2.54 ± 0.48 to 9.87 ± 0.78 mL, p < 0.05] and increased MTG (18.99 ± 0.86 to 10.85 ± 0.65 mmol/kg, p < 0.05) as well as obvious fibroproliferative response, with markedly increased peritoneal thickness (178.33 ± 4.42 to 25.26 ± 0.32um, p < 0.05) and higher expression of a-SMA, collagen I and TGF-ß1. Treatment with curcumin significantly increased UFV, reduced MTG and peritoneal thickness of PD rats. The elevated TGF-ß1 in peritoneal fluid of PD rats was significantly decreased by curcumin. It attenuated the increase in protein and mRNA of TGF-ß1, α-SMA and collagen I in peritoneum of PD rats. The mRNA expressions of TAK1, JNK and p38, as well as the protein expressions of p-TAK1, p-JNK and p-p38 in peritoneum of PD rats were reduced by curcumin. CONCLUSIONS: Present results demonstrate that curcumin showed a protective effect on PD-related PF and suggest an implication of TAK1, p38 and JNK pathway in mediating the benefical effects of curcumin.

[Rev-erbß Knock-out Affectsthe Proliferation, Migration and Invasion Ability of Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cell Line in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nuclear receptor Rev-erbß knockout on proliferation and migration ability of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. METHODS: -The Rev-erbß gene knockout HepG2 cell line was abtained by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technique with specific DNA modification of the target gene. The Rev-erbß gene targeting vectors were co-transfected into HepG2 cells. Through cloning and screening, the Rev-erbß gene knockout HepG2 cell line was constructed, PCR, sequencing and Western blot methods were carried out for the identification of the Rev-erbß gene knockout HepG2 cell line. The expression level of tumor migration and invasion-associated gene in Rev-erbß gene knockout cell was determined by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and was compared with normal cell as control.MTT, cell scratch and Transwell experiments were conducted in order to explore the effect of Rev-erbß gene on HepG2 cell's ability of proliferation, migration and invasion. RESULTS: A Rev-erbß gene knockout monoclonal cell line, which was identified by PCR, sequencing and Western blot, was successfully constructed and named HepG2 C5 (Rev-erbß -/-). qRT-PCR results showed that Rev-erbß knockout resulted in up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and extracellular matrix protein-1 (ECM1) gene expression (P < 0.05) and down-regulation of E-cadherin (CDH1) gene expression (P=0.05).Results of MTT, cell scratch and transwell experiments showed that HepG2 C5 had stronger proliferation, migration and invasion ability than control cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Rev-erbß gene knockout could change the expression of migration and adhesion-associated genes in HepG2 cell, and then affect the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of HepG2 cells.

[Epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. METHODS: The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.

Curcumin suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) through regulation of transforming growth factor-activated kinase 1 (TAK1).

OBJECTIVE: Peritoneal fibrosis remains a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) leading to peritoneal membrane ultrafiltration failure. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) is a key process of peritoneal fibrosis. Curcumin has been previously shown to inhibit EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells and prevent renal fibrosis. There are only limited reports on inhibition of PMCs-EMT by curcumin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin on the regulation of EMT and related pathway in PMCs treated with glucose-based PD. METHODS: EMT of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) was induced with glucose-based peritoneal dialysis solutions (PDS). Cells were divided into a control group, PDS group, and PDS group receiving varied concentrations of curcumin. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to measure cell viability, and a transwell migration assay was used to verify the capacity of curcumin to inhibit EMT in HMrSV5 cells. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins associated with the EMT. RESULTS: High glucose PDS decreased cell viability and increased migratory capacity. Curcumin reversed growth inhibition and migration capability of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). In HMrSV5 cells, high glucose PDS also decreased expression of epithelial markers, and increased expression of mesenchymal markers, a characteristic of EMT. Real-time RT-PCR and western blot revealed that, compared to the 4.25% Dianeal treated cells, curcumin treatment resulted in increased expression of E-cadherin (epithelial marker), and decreased expression of α-SMA (mesenchymal markers) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, curcumin reduced mRNA expression of two extracellular matrix protein, collagen I and fibronectin. Curcumin also reduced TGF-ß1 mRNA and supernatant TGF-ß1 protein content in the PDS-treated HMrSV5 cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it significantly reduced protein expression of p-TAK1, p-JNK and p-p38 in PDS-treated HMrSV5 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that curcumin showed an obvious protective effect on PDS-induced EMT of HMrSV5 cells and suggest implication of the TAK1, p38 and JNK pathway in mediating the effects of curcumin in EMT of MCs.

Recent advances in LncRNAs and chronic kidney disease / 药学学报

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), defined as transcripts which are hundreds of nucleotides with little or non-protein coding potential. Recently, LncRNAs have caught much more attentions, instead of considering as noises of genome transcripts, and indeed they have been found to play important roles associated with some biological processes, such as tumorigenesis, immunology dysfunction, metabolism adjustment, and so on. The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in different regions of the world is about 10% to 15%, with high growth rate and high unawareness, including the diabetic nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, etc. Previous publications also suggest that LncRNAs have a close relationship with the kidneys, and it may become new therapeutic targets or new biomarkers to diagnose diseases. In this review, we will summarize LncRNAs' functions with chronic kidney diseases, and discuss the prospects of the clinical applications of LncRNAs in the treatment of CKD treatment.

Epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. Methods The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. Results The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. Conclusions The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.

Epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. Methods The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. Results The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. Conclusions The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.

CUDC-907 induces DNA damage and autophagy in glioma cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of CUDC-907, a dual histone deacetylase (HDAC) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, on the DNA damage, cell cycle distribution and autophagy in human glioma U251cells.METHODS:U251 cells were treated with CUDC-907 of different concentrations, and the cell viability was detected by MTT assay.The quantitativeγ-H2AX foci were determined by laser scanning confocal microscopy.The cell cycle distribution of U251 cells was examined by flow cytometry.The protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis.RESULTS:CUDC-907 inhibited the cell viability and the phosphorylation of Akt and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70s6K) in the U251 cells (P<0.05).In CUDC-907-treated cells, the number ofγ-H2AX foci and protein expression ofγ-H2AX were increased significantly (P<0.05).CUDC-907 also induced cell arrest in theM phase by up-regulating the expression of p21, and inhibiting the protein level of cyclin B1 and the phosphorylation of cell division cycle protein2 (Cdc2).In addition, CUDC-907 triggered cell autophagy, and inhibition of autophagy increased CUDC-907-induced DNA damage of U251 cells.CONCLUSION:CUDC-907 significantly inhibits PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, induces DNA damage and arrests cell cycle inM phase.Blockage of autophagy promotes CUDC-907-induced DNA damage of U251cells.

[Study on distribution status of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in Jiangxi Province â ¡ Spatial-temporal distribution of snail-infested environments].

OBJECTIVE: To grasp the status of Oncomelania hupensis snail-infested environments in schistosomiasis endemic areas of Jiangxi Province, and establish the spatial database of snail-infested environments with the administrative village as the unit. METHODS: The spatial and temporal distributions of the historical snail environments, existing snail environments, and suspicious snail-infested environments were analyzed by the historical data review and field investigations. RESULTS: The distribution of snail-infested environments in Jiangxi Province included two popular types of lakeshore and hills. The O. hupensis snail-infested environments were mainly concentrated in the Poyang Lake area, which accounting for 66.97% of the total snail-infested areas. The potential snail-infested environment area was 204 745.48 hm2, among which the potential snail-infested environment areas in the lakeshore and hills were 146 548.58 hm2 and 58 196.90 hm2, accounting for 71.58% and 28.42%, respectively. The real existing snail area was 83 234.50 hm2, among which the real existing snail areas in the lakeshore and hills were 80 890.81 hm2 and 2 343.69 hm2, accounting for 97.18% and 2.82%, respectively. The compressed snail area was 114 253.30 hm2 with a compression rate of 57.85%, of which the compression rates in the lakeshore and hills were 46.51% and 94.97%, respectively. In the four types of snail-infested environments, the areas of Type I, Type II, Type III and Type IV accounted for 55.77%, 25.75%, 13.91% and 4.57% of the total area, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The spatial database of O. hupensis snail-infested environments is established comprehensively and systematically, that will be conducive to tracking and performing the dynamic updates of the data of snails, so as to provide an important technical support for investigation and monitoring in the future.

Study on distribution status of Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in Jiangxi Province Ⅱ Spatial-temporal distribution of snail-infested environments / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

To grasp the status of Oncomelania hupensis snail-infested environments in schistosomiasis endemic areas of Jiangxi Province, and establish the spatial database of snail-infested environments with the administrative village as the unit.The spatial and temporal distributions of the historical snail environments, existing snail environments, and suspicious snail-infested environments were analyzed by the historical data review and field investigations.The distribution of snail-infested environments in Jiangxi Province included two popular types of lakeshore and hills. The O. hupensis snail-infested environments were mainly concentrated in the Poyang Lake area, which accounting for 66.97% of the total snail-infested areas. The potential snail-infested environment area was 204 745.48 hm2, among which the potential snail-infested environment areas in the lakeshore and hills were 146 548.58 hm2 and 58 196.90 hm2, accounting for 71.58% and 28.42%, respectively. The real existing snail area was 83 234.50 hm2, among which the real existing snail areas in the lakeshore and hills were 80 890.81 hm2 and 2 343.69 hm2, accounting for 97.18% and 2.82%, respectively. The compressed snail area was 114 253.30 hm2 with a compression rate of 57.85%, of which the compression rates in the lakeshore and hills were 46.51% and 94.97%, respectively. In the four types of snail-infested environments, the areas of Type I, Type II, Type III and Type IV accounted for 55.77%, 25.75%, 13.91% and 4.57% of the total area, respectively.The spatial database of O. hupensis snail-infested environments is established comprehensively and systematically, that will be conducive to tracking and performing the dynamic updates of the data of snails, so as to provide an important technical support for investigation and monitoring in the future.

CHK1 inhibitor SCH900776 suppresses proliferation and migration of U251 cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of SCH900776, an inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1(CHK1), on the proliferation and migration abilities of human glioma U 251 cells.METHODS:The cell viability was detected by MTT assay,and cell proliferation was determined by cell colony formation assay.Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cy-tometry.Wound healing assay was used to determine the cell migration ability.The protein levels were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: SCH900776 inhibited the growth of U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner(P <0.05). SCH900776 treatment substantially induced U251 cell cycle arrest in S and G 2/M phases by decreasing the level of cell di-vision cycle protein 2(Cdc2)and p-Cdc2.Moreover,SCH900776 inhibited the cell migration.Western blot results indi-cated that SCH900776 increased the phosphorylation level of p 38 MAPK and inhibited the activation of Akt.CONCLU-SION:SCH900776 inhibits the proliferation and migration abilities in human U 251 cells by promoting the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and suppressing the activation of Akt.

Ultrasound Assessment of Intima-media Thickness and Diameter of Carotid Arteries in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis or Renal Transplantation / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Renal transplant (RT) recipients have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.However,the effects of renal transplantation on the development of arteriosclerosis have been controversial.The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and diameter (CD) are important indicators of vascular remodeling and arteriosclerosis.In this study,31 patients with hemodialysis (HD),31 RT recipients and 84 age-and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled.Their CIMT and CD were measured by ultrasonic radiofrequency tracking,and the linear regression models and Z test were used to identify the progression of arteriosclerosis and the risk factors.Compared with HD group,RT group had significantly lower CIMT and CD.CIMT was found to be associated with age,body weight,resistance index and diastolic velocity,while CD was associated significantly with age,body weight,pulsatility index,end diastolic velocity and diastolic blood pressure (DBP),respectively.The correlation curves between CIMT and age showed the slopes of curves were decreased successively in control,RT and HD groups,and the curves between CD and age showed the slopes were decreased in order of RT ＞ control ＞ HD groups.It was concluded that CIMT and CD were significantly correlated with age in RT and moderately with age in HD patients.RT could reduce the progress of arteriosclerosis in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Ultrasound Assessment of Intima-media Thickness and Diameter of Carotid Arteries in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis or Renal Transplantation / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Renal transplant (RT) recipients have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.However,the effects of renal transplantation on the development of arteriosclerosis have been controversial.The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and diameter (CD) are important indicators of vascular remodeling and arteriosclerosis.In this study,31 patients with hemodialysis (HD),31 RT recipients and 84 age-and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled.Their CIMT and CD were measured by ultrasonic radiofrequency tracking,and the linear regression models and Z test were used to identify the progression of arteriosclerosis and the risk factors.Compared with HD group,RT group had significantly lower CIMT and CD.CIMT was found to be associated with age,body weight,resistance index and diastolic velocity,while CD was associated significantly with age,body weight,pulsatility index,end diastolic velocity and diastolic blood pressure (DBP),respectively.The correlation curves between CIMT and age showed the slopes of curves were decreased successively in control,RT and HD groups,and the curves between CD and age showed the slopes were decreased in order of RT ＞ control ＞ HD groups.It was concluded that CIMT and CD were significantly correlated with age in RT and moderately with age in HD patients.RT could reduce the progress of arteriosclerosis in patients with end-stage renal disease.

[Study on distribution status of Oncomelania hupensis - intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in Jiangxi Province I Analysis of distribution of O. hupensis in Poyang Lake area].

OBJECTIVE: To grasp the distribution status of Oncomelania hupensis snails in Poyang Lake area, so as to provide the evidence for formulating and adjusting the schistosomiasis prevention and control strategy in lake areas. METHODS: The vector grid was created and sampled randomly by 200 m × 200 m in the spatial database of grassland, and the distribution of snails was investigated in the selected grid by using the method of mechanical sampling by 50 m × 50 m. At the same time, the elevation of investigation points was extracted based on the topographic map of Poyang Lake. RESULTS: Totally 949 and 210 investigation points were collected from the south and north of Poyang Lake areas, accounting for 3.04% and 3.21% of all the investigation points in the respective region. The number of investigation points, the appearance rate of snail frame, and the average density of alive snails were 15 231, 8.15%, and 0.463/0.1 m2, respectively. The elevation of snail distribution area of the south and north Poyang Lake areas were 11-16 m and 9-16 m respectively. The elevation of concentrated snail belts of the south Poyang Lake area were 12-13 m and 15-16 m, and the elevation of concentrated snail belts of the north Poyang Lake area was 12-14 m. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of snails is in the range of 9-16 m. The suitable habitats of snail breeding are moving from the south Poyang Lake area to the north Poyang Lake area, and from high elevation to low elevation. In the future, the schistosomiasis prevention and control measures could be formulated based on the geographical characteristics of current snail distribution in order to consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis control.