Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of adverse childhood experiences international questionnaire in parents of preschool children / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of adverse childhood experiences international questionnaire (ACE-IQ) in Chinese parents of preschool children.@*METHODS@#The parents of preschool children in 6 kindergartens in Tongzhou District of Beijing were selected by stratified random cluster sampling, and the Chinese version of ACE-IQ after translation and adaptation was used for survey online. The collected data were randomly divided into two parts. One part of the data (n=602) was used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), to screen items and evaluate structural validity, and then form the final Chinese version of ACE-IQ. The other part of the data (n=700) was used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), criterion validity analysis and reliability analysis. At the same time, experts investigation method was used to evaluate the content validity of the final Chinese version of ACE-IQ.@*RESULTS@#After deleting four items of collective violence, the Chinese version of ACE-IQ with twenty-five items indicated good structural, criterion and content validity. Analysis results showed that the Chinese version of ACE-IQ presented a seven-factor model dimension, namely emotional neglect, physical neglect, family dysfunction, family violence, emotional and physical abuse, sexual abuse and violence outside the home, and the total score of the binary version of ACE-IQ Chinese version was positively correlated with the total score of childhood trauma questionaire-28 item short form (CTQ-SF, r=0.354, P < 0.001) and the center for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D, r=0.313, P < 0.001) respectively. Results from five experts showed that the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) of 25 items was between 0.80 and 1.00, and the average of all I-CVIs on the scale (S-CVI/Ave) of the scale was 0.984. At the same time, the internal consistency (Cronbach's α coefficient) of the whole scale was 0.818, and the split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficient) was 0.621, which demonstrated good reliability.@*CONCLUSION@#This study has formed a Chinese version of ACE-IQ with 25 items and 7 dimensions, which has good reliability and validity among the parents of preschool children in China. It can be used as an evaluation instrument for measuring the minimum threshold of the adverse childhood experiences in the parents of preschool children in the cultural background of China.

[Drying Process and Model of Banqiao Codonopsis Radix Slice in Air-impingement Jet Dryer].

Objective: To determine the drying process and to built model of Banqiao Codonopsis Radix slices dried in air-impingement jet dryer. Methods: With taking the content of polysaccharides( CPPS),rehydration ratio( RR) and drying time as the evaluation indexes,the effects of drying temperature( 40,50,60 and 70 ℃),slices thickness( 1,2,3 and 4 mm) and air velocity( 8,10,12,and 14 m / s) on the content of CPPS,RR and drying time were studied. With taking the R2,χ2and RMSE as the evaluation indexes,the optimum model was screened by fitting the drying curves data with four selected models. Results: The variety of all studied factors lead to change of the content of CPPS,RR and drying time,and the influence of air-temperature was most significant. Under the test conditions,the content of CPPS,RR and drying time were range from 20. 33% ~ 28. 26%,2. 65 ~ 3. 25 and 180 ~ 510 min, respectively. Among the four selected drying models, Modified Page model was the most suitable model to fit the drying curves data with the maximum average of R2( 0. 9993),the smallest average of χ2( 0. 00022) and the smaller average RMSE( 0. 01066). Conclusion: By comparison the content of CPPS,RR and drying time, the optimal drying process of Banqiao Codonopsis Radix slices dried in the air-impingement jet dryer was air temperature of 60 ℃,slice thickness of 2 mm and air velocity of 12 m / s. Under the drying conditions of air temperature 40 ~ 70 ℃,slice thickness 1 ~ 4 mm and air velocity 8 ~ 14 m / s, Modified Page model can effectively predict the moisture change of Banqiao Codonopsis Radix slice dried in air-impingement jet dryer.