ABSTRACT
The development of the paper industry has led to the discharge of a large amount of papermaking waste liquid containing lignosulfonate. These lignin black liquids cause a lot of pollution in nature, which runs counter to the current environmental protection strategy under the global goal. Through the development and use of lignosulfonate in papermaking waste liquid to increase the utilization of harmful substances in waste liquid, we aim to promote waste liquid treatment and reduce environmental pollution. This paper proposes a new strategy to synthesize novel glue-free biocomposites with high-performance interfacial compatibility from papermaking by-product sodium lignosulfonate/chitosan (L/C) and waste bamboo. This L/C bamboo biocomposite material has good mechanical properties and durability, low formaldehyde emissions, a high recovery rate, meets the requirements of wood-based panels, and reduces environmental pollution. This method is low in cost, has the potential for large-scale production, and can effectively reduce the environmental pollution of the paper industry, promoting the recycling of biomass and helping the future manufacture of glue-free panels, which can be widely used in the preparation of bookcase, furniture, floor and so on.
ABSTRACT
The detrimental impact of volatile organic compounds on the surroundings is widely acknowledged, and effective solutions must be sought to mitigate their pollution. Adsorption treatment is a cost-effective, energy-saving, and flexible solution that has gained popularity. Biomass is an inexpensive, naturally porous material with exceptional adsorbent properties. This article examines current research on volatile organic compounds adsorption using biomass, including the composition of these compounds and the physical (van der Waals) and chemical mechanisms (Chemical bonding) by which porous materials adsorb them. Specifically, the strategic modification of the surface chemical functional groups and pore structure is explored to facilitate optimal adsorption, including pyrolysis, activation, heteroatom doping and other methods. It is worth noting that biomass adsorbents are emerging as a highly promising strategy for green treatment of volatile organic compounds pollution in the future. Overall, the findings signify that biomass modification represents a viable and competent approach for eliminating volatile organic compounds from the environment.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Candida auris is an opportunistic pathogen with multiple drug resistance. Therefore, researchers conducted a meta-analysis to review PCR's ability to diagnose Candida auris to promote the development of accurate Candida auris diagnosis. METHODS: Researchers systematically retrieved relevant articles from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. Then, researchers extracted the key data required for the study from the selected articles. Meta-DiSc 1.4 was used for the statistical analysis. RevMan 5.3 was employed to assess the quality of the included literature. A funnel plot can appraise whether the included articles have publication bias. RESULTS: Five articles were included in the study. The results suggest that the pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92 - 0.95) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.99 - 0.99), respectively. The positive and negative likelyhood ratios were 100.94 (95% CI: 47.51 - 214.47) and 0.07 (95% CI: 0.05 - 0.10), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 1,814.70 (95% CI: 717.30 - 4,591.04), and the area under the SROC curve was 0.9935. Deek's funnel plot indicated that there was no publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the analysis indicate that PCR can become a valuable technique for the clinical diagnosis of Candida auris due to its excellent performance.
Subject(s)
Candida auris , Humans , Odds Ratio , Polymerase Chain Reaction , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Multilayered materials are widely studied due to their special structures and great properties, such as their mechanical ones. In this paper a novel and effective technique, a quadruple-layering approach, was used to fabricate multilayered materials. This approach increases the number of layers rapidly via simple operations. Materials with 4, 16, and 64 layers with alternating layers of polypropylene and nanocomposites were fabricated using this approach, and their film morphology and mechanical properties were studied. The influence of the number of layers on the mechanical properties of the materials and the relationship between the mechanical properties of each material were investigated. The results illustrated that the tensile modulus and strength were enhanced and elongation at the break increased when the layer numbers of the multilayered materials increased. However, this approach has a defect in that as the layer number increases, the layer thickness was not uniform, thus restricting the improvement of properties. This may need to be further studied in future work.
