Common occurrence of Theileria annulata and the first report of T. ovis in dairy cattle from Southern Xinjiang, China.

Bovine theileriosis is a common tick-born disease infected by Theileria spp. causing loss of beef and dairy cattle worldwide, therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of Theileria spp. in Southern Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. We screened 493 dairy cattle blood samples from Southern Xinjiang to detect Theileria spp. by PCR. The overall prevalence of Theileria spp. was 23.5% (116/493). The most frequent Theileria sp. was Theileria annulata 22.5% (111/493), followed by T. orientalis (0.6%, 3/493) and T. ovis (0.2%, 1/493). Additionally, one sample was co-infected with T. annulata and T. orientalis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 11 T. annulata Tams1 sequences grouped into three sequence clusters that belonged to group 2 (Asia group) and shared 96.4% to 99.9% identity with to each other. Furthermore, our results revealed the presence of several T. orientalis MPSP genotypes (types 1, 2, and 5) in this region. In this study, T. annulata was found to be the most prevalent Theileria species in dairy cattle from Southern Xinjiang. Theileria ovis was detected in one DNA sample of a free-grazing dairy cow from China for the first time.

[Sequence and Structural Analyses of the Complete Genome of Bovine Papillomavirus 2 Genotype Aks-01 Strain from Skin Samples of Cows in Southern Xinjiang, China].

To study the complete genomic sequence, genomic characteristics, and genetic variation of the bovine papillomavirus 2 genotype (BPV-2) Aks-01 strain at the molecular level, genotyping of this strain from the skin samples of cows in southern Xinjiang (China) was first detected by the polymerase chain reaction with FAP59/FAP64 primers. Based on the complete genome of the BPV-2 reference strain, specific primers and sequencing primers were designed, and the complete genome of the Aks-01 strain amplified and sequenced. Sequence analyses showed that genotyping of the Aks-01 strain belonged to BPV-2. The Aks-01 strain had the structural characteristics of BPV-2. The 7944-bp full-length genomic sequence of the Aks-01 strain was compiled using DNAStar™. The sequence of the Aks-01 strain had 98% similarity to the reference strain from GenBank. The Aks-01 strain was most closely related to BPV-1 and BPV-13. BPV-2, BPV-1 and BPV-13 were grouped within the genus Deltapapillomavirus. The Aks-01 strain is the first BPV-2 strain reported in southern Xinjiang.