The value of lipid accumulation products in predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study on elderlies over 65 in Shanghai.

Purpose: As lifestyle changes, there is an increasing number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in China. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the lipid accumulation product (LAP) for T2DM in Chinese elderlies over 65 years. Methods: The present cross-sectional study recruited 2,092 adults from communities of Pudong New Area of Shanghai. Questionnaires were filled and anthropometric and laboratory examinations were completed by all participants. The predictive value of different risk factors for T2DM was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC). Results: LAP was found to be closely related to T2DM (adjusted OR: 0.613, 95% CI: 0.581-0.645). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), LAP, and urea nigrogen (UN) were associated with T2DM in females, whereas FPG, LAP, neck circumference (NC) were associated with T2DM in males. When the cut-off value was 33.8, LAP displayed the optimal predictive performance. A gender difference was observed with an LAP of 37.95 demonstrating the best predictive value in males (AUC = 0.604, 95% CI: 0.577-0.652) and 60.2 in females (AUC = 0.617, 95% CI: 0.574-0.660), respectively. Conclusion: LAP is more significantly associated with the risk of T2DM in elderlies than FPG, UN or NC, and it serves as a strong predictor of T2DM. However, this is impacted by FPG and neck circumference to a certain extent. Future large-scale studies are needed to confirm its efficacy in predicting diabetes.

Diagnostic and Predictive Values of LAP in Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Population Older Than 65 Years.

This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of lipid accumulation product (LAP) in hypertension in Chinese population older than 65 years. A total of 2092 adults from the communities in Pudong New Area of Shanghai were included in this cross-sectional study. The participants filled in questionnaire and received anthropometric and laboratory examinations. The receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of different risk factors in hypertension. Results showed that LAP was closely related to hypertension (adjusted OR: 1.011, 95% CI: 1.007-1.015). In females, LAP, fasting blood glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) were associated with hypertension; in males, triglycerides (TG) and waist circumference (WC) were related to hypertension. LAP (AUC = 0.655, 95% CI: 0.632-0.679) was better than neck circumference (NC) and BMI in predicting hypertension. When the cutoff value was 33.5, LAP had the best predictive performance. In males, LAP at 36.72 and 56.76 had the best predictive performance in males (AUC = 0.663, 95% CI: 0.629-0.697) and females (AUC = 0.650, 95% CI: 0.618-0.682), respectively. In conclusion, LAP is a risk factor of hypertension in the elderly. For hypertension, BMI, FPG, and LAP have favorable predictive performance in females, and WC and TG have better predictive performance in males.

Neck Circumference and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Elderly Individuals: A Community-Based Cohort Study.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate whether neck circumference (NC) was associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Chinese elderly individuals. METHODS: A community-based cohort study was conducted on elderly inhabitants in Shanghai with a mean age of 71.0 ± 5.8 years (n = 2,646). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between NC and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, while a Cox regression model was used to determine the association between NC and the incidence of type 2 diabetes after a follow-up of 2 years. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that a larger NC was significantly associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes in men (odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-1.31; p = 0.001) and women (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.13-1.38; p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed that NC was independently associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes in both men (hazard ratio [HR] 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.23; p = 0.002) and women (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.10-1.27; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A larger NC was associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Chinese elderly individuals. However, studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up durations are needed to definitively determine the relationship between NC and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Association of blood glucose level and hypertension in Elderly Chinese Subjects: a community based study.

BACKGROUND: There is a scarcity of epidemiological researches examining the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and glucose level among older adults. The objective of the current study was to investigate the association of high BP and glucose level in elderly Chinese. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of a population of 2092 Chinese individuals aged over 65 years was conducted. Multiple logistic analysis was used to explore the association between hypertension and hyperglycemia. Independent risk factors for systolic and diastolic BP were analyzed using stepwise linear regression. RESULTS: Subjects in impaired fasting glucose group (IFG) (n = 144) and diabetes (n = 346), as compared with normal fasting glucose (NFG) (n = 1277), had a significant higher risk for hypertension, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.81 (95 % CI, 1.39-2.35) (P = 0.000) and 1.40 (95 % CI, 1.09-1.80) (P = 0.009), respectively. Higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in the normal range were still significantly associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension in both genders, with ORs of 1.24 (95 % CI, 0.85-1.80), R (2) = 0.114, P = 0.023 in men and 1.61 (95 % CI, 1.12-2.30), R (2) = 0.082, P = 0.010 in women, respectively, when compared with lower FPG. Linear regression analysis revealed FPG was an independent factor of systolic and diastolic BP. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that hyperglycemia as well as higher FPG within the normal range is associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension independent of other cardiovascular risk factors in elderly Chinese. Further studies are needed to explore the relationship between hyperglycemia and hypertension in a longitudinal setting.

Neck circumference is a valuable tool for identifying metabolic syndrome and obesity in Chinese elder subjects: a community-based study.

OBJECTIVE: We aim to explore the relationship of neck circumference to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity in Chinese elders and to establish cut-off points of the neck circumference for MetS and obesity. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis for a population sample of 2092 individuals aged over 65 years, representative of East China elders. MetS was identified according to the 2004 Chinese Diabetes Society criteria. RESULTS: Neck circumference was correlated with body mass index (r = 0.70, p = 0.000 in men, and r = 0.73, p = 0.000 in women) and waist circumference (waist circumference; r = 0.70, p = 0.000 in men, and r = 0.72, p = 0.000 in women). According to neck circumference quartile, the prevalence of MetS and its components were increased significantly from Q1 to Q4 (p for trend <0.001) in both genders. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that both waist circumference and neck circumference were independent predictors of Mets, with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) 1.11 (1.08-1.15; p = 0.044) and 1.17 (1.07-1.28; p = 0.000), respectively, in men and 1.08 (1.05-1.10; p = 0.000) and 1.31 (1.21-1.42; p = 0.000), respectively, in women. As for obesity, the significant independent indicators in both genders were also waist circumference and neck circumference (all p < 0.01). In the receiver operating characteristic curves, both the optimal cut-off points of neck circumference for MetS and obesity were 38 cm in men and 35 cm in women. CONCLUSIONS: The neck circumference, as waist circumference, is also a valuable tool for identifying MetS and obesity, with established cut-off points for the prediction of MetS and obesity in Chinese elders.

A Brief History of Pancreatic Reg: Implications as to its Clinical Importance.

Although the pancreatic regenerating (reg) gene, was first isolated from a rat regenerating islets in 1988, its protein product was originally described in the 1970s. Reg proteins arise from a multigene family with three subtypes, and have a protein structure similar to calcium dependent lectins. Reg I and II have been implicated in control of pancreatic development and may play a role in maintenance of the beta-cell mass in the mature pancreas. Administration of reg I protein has been used in experimental animals as a therapy for surgically-induced diabetes mellitus. Reg I protein is also an inhibitor of calcium carbonate crystalization, important in maintaining the fluidity of pancreatic juice. The reg III gene, whose protein product is pancreatitis associated protein, is induced during pancreatic inflammation. Serum levels of reg III protein are a sensitive marker of severity of pancreatitis. It is an endogenous pancreatic factor that prevents the bacteria infection and scavenges oxygen-derived free radicals. Reg mRNA has been detected in non-pancreatic tissue such as the enterochromaffin-like cells of the stomach, neoplastic tissues of the colon, the small intestine, nervous system, liver tumors, and pituitary. Reg proteins are mitogens to intestinal epithelial cells, pancreatic ductal, beta cells, and Schwann cells, and are likely important to the overall integrity of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract.