Severe Pain and Postoperative Effects during Hysterosalpingography: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the impact of pain on patients during Hysterosalpingography (HSG). Methods: PubMed, PMC and other journals were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTS) on HSG. Appropriate articles were selected for inclusion and reasonable exclusion according to keywords. Following a thorough review of the relevant literature, the process of literature screening was conducted in accordance with the aforementioned criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the risk of bias assessment tool developed by the Cochrane Collaboration. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.1 software. Results: Twelve studies were included, including 1530 cases in the experimental group and 1545 cases in the control group. The literature summarizes the basic information of patients during HSG and makes statistics on the differences in visual analog scale (VAS) and pain perception. The findings from the HSG examination revealed a lack of significant association between patients' pain sensation and their age and BMI. However, the duration of pregnancy in patients decreased following HSG treatment (95%CI (-18.84 to -3.58), P=0.004).Compared with conventional testing, HSG could effectively reduce the pregnancy time of patients (95%CI (-18.84, -3.58), P=0.004), reduce the VAS of patients (95%CI (-4.73, -1.51), P=0.0001), and increase the number of patients without pain (95%CI (1.80, 10.43), P=0.001). Conclusion: During the HSG examination, acceptable pain avoidance is generated and can be relieved over time. At present, there is no effective alternative method, so the patient should cooperate with the doctor to complete the examination, to relieve the pain.

Identification of VEGFs-related gene signature for predicting microangiogenesis and hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis.

Microangiogenesis is an important prognostic factor in various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) has been shown to contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Recently, several studies have investigated the regulation of VEGF production by a single gene, with few researchers exploring all genes that affect VEGF production. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed all genes affecting VEGF production in HCC and developed a risk model and gene-based risk score based on VEGF production. Moreover, the model's predictive capacity on prognosis of HCCs was verified using training and validation datasets. The developed model showed good prediction of the overall survival rate. Patients with a higher risk score experienced poor outcomes compared to those with a lower risk score. Furthermore, we identified the immunological causes of the poor prognosis of patients with high-risk scores comparing with those with low-risk scores.

Relevance of NAT2 genotype and clinical factors to risk for antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury.

The study analyzes the risk factors associated with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATB-DILI), and the relationship between ATB-DILI and NAT2 gene polymorphisms. Out of the 324 included patients, 57 (17.59%) developed ATB-DILI. Age, history of liver disease, alcohol consumption and timing of antituberculosis (ATB) treatment were independent risk factors for ATB-DILI in the patients with tuberculosis (TB; p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the distribution of NAT2 metabolic phenotypes between the study group and the control group (p < 0.05). The ATB drug treatment for pulmonary TB can cause a high incidence of ATB-DILI. Age, history of liver disease, alcohol consumption and timing of ATB treatment are independent risk factors for ATB-DILI in patients with TB.

N-acetyltransferase 2 genetic polymorphisms and anti-tuberculosis-drug-induced liver injury: a correlation study.

Background: Considering the genetic characteristics of people with anti-tuberculosis (TB)-drug-induced liver injury (ATDILI), genetic factors and their consequences for treatment need to be studied. Objective: The correlation between N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genetic polymorphisms and ATDILI was analysed. Methods: In this study, the liver and coagulation functions of 120 patients with TB were monitored dynamically for at least 3 months. The genetic polymorphisms of patients were detected by pyrosequencing, and the acetylation types of liver damage and the distribution of NAT2 genetic polymorphisms were compared and analysed. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of alleles and acetylation types among different groups (p < 0.05). In patients with grade 4 liver injury (liver failure), any two alleles were included, i.e., *6 and *7. Specifically, patients with fast acetylation genotypes accounted for 42.4% (14/33), those with intermediate acetylated genotypes accounted for 55.2% (32/58), and patients with slow acetylation genotypes accounted for 65.5% (19/29). Conclusion: Patients with slow acetylation genotypes had higher rates of liver failure and liver injury than those with intermediate and fast acetylation genotypes, and patients with slow acetylation genotypes containing any two alleles (*6 and *7) had a higher rate of liver failure than those with other alleles. In summary, the time of liver injury in patients with slow acetylation genotypes was earlier than the total average time, and the time of liver function recovery in patients with fast acetylation genotypes was shorter than the total average time.

hsa_circ_0051428 Facilitates the Progression of Thyroid Cancer by Sponging miR-1248 to Up-Regulate FN1.

Evidence displays that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considerable mediators of numerous processes in cancer development. Given that many circRNAs are not functionally characterized, our aim was to explore the function and mechanisms of circ_0051428 in thyroid cancer (TC). The analysis of circ_0051428, miR-1248 and FN1 mRNA expression was conducted using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell growth was observed using CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Cell migration was investigated using wound healing assay. Cell apoptosis was identified by the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) using Western blotting. Animal models were established to testify the role of circ_0051428 in vivo. The assumed binding between miR-1248 and circ_0051428 or FN1 was identified using dual-luciferase reporter or RIP assay. circ_0051428 exhibits an abnormally elevated expression in TC. circ_0051428 deficiency caused inhibition of TC cell proliferation, migration, clonogenic capacity, and inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. circ_0051428 directly targeted miR-1248, and FN1 was a target downstream of circ_0051428/miR-1248 axis. circ_0051428 could sponge miR-1248 to upregulate FN1. Furthermore, miR-1248 downregulation recovered circ_0051428 deficiency-suppressed cancer cell proliferation, survival and migration. Besides, the repressive effects of FN1 knockdown on cancer cell growth, survival and migration were also partly abolished by miR-1248 downregulation. circ_0051428 targeted miR-1248 to modulate FN1 expression, thereby facilitating the malignant progression of TC, which contributed to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of TC development.

Screening, Identification and Physiological Characteristics of Lactobacillus rhamnosus M3 (1) against Intestinal Inflammation.

The probiotic role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in regulating intestinal microbiota to promote human health has been widely reported. However, the types and quantities of probiotics used in practice are still limited. Therefore, isolating and screening LAB with potential probiotic functions from various habitats has become a hot topic. In this study, 104 strains of LAB were isolated from and identified in traditionally fermented vegetables, fresh milk, healthy infant feces, and other environments. The antibacterial properties-resistance to acid, bile salts, and digestive enzymes-and adhesion ability of the strains were determined, and the biological safety of LAB with better performance was studied. Three LAB with good comprehensive performance were obtained. These bacteria had broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and good acid resistance and adhesion ability. They exhibited some tolerance to pig bile salt, pepsin, and trypsin and showed no hemolysis. They were sensitive to the selected antibiotics, which met the required characteristics and safety evaluation criteria for probiotics. An in vitro fermentation experiment and milk fermentation performance test of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) M3 (1) were carried out to study its effect on the intestinal flora and fermentation performance in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies have shown that this strain can effectively inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms and produce a classic, pleasant flavor. It has probiotic potential and is expected to be used as a microecological agent to regulate intestinal flora and promote intestinal health. It can also be used as an auxiliary starter to enhance the probiotic value of fermented milk.

The diagnosis of leptospirosis complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis complemented by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the pathogenic Leptospira. Leptospirosis is transmitted mainly through contact with contaminated rivers, lakes, or animals carrying Leptospira. Human leptospirosis has a wide range of non-specific clinical manifestations ranging from fever, hypotension, and myalgia to multi-organ dysfunction, which severely hampers the timely clinical diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for an efficient strategy/method that can be used for the accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis, especially in critically ill patients. Here, we report a case of a 75-year-old male patient with clinical presentation of fever, cough, and diarrhea. Initial laboratory tests and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest suggested only tuberculosis. The patient was finally diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) combined with leptospirosis by sputum Xpert MTB RIF, epidemiological investigations, and delayed serological testing. Furthermore, through metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of clinical samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine, plasma and sputum, the causative pathogens were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Leptospira spp. With specific treatment for both leptospirosis and tuberculosis, and associated supportive care (e.g., hemodialysis), the patient showed a good prognosis. This case report suggests that mNGS can generate a useful complement to conventional pathogenic diagnostic methods through more detailed etiological screening (i.e., at the level of species or species complex).

Role of magnetic resonance-high intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) in uterine fibroids management: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Magnetic resonance-high intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) has revolutionized the treatment of Uterine fibroids. Usually, they are associated with prolonged heavy bleeding during the menstrual period, sacral pain, and increased frequency of UTIs, secondary dysmenorrhea, constipation, and pregnancy-associated problems. It also impacts usual activities, which lead to diminished quality of life and rising healthcare costs. Generally, surgery is the only choice for uterine fibroids; however, MR-HIFU is an entirely non-invasive novel therapy, preferred in pregnancy desiring females. AIM: To re-evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance-high intensity focused ultrasound (MRHIFU) therapy for uterine fibroids. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), prospective or retrospective non-randomized, and cross-over studies that considered clinically symptomatic uterine fibroid treatment were included. Meta-analysis was performed using NCSS software, and data were analyzed at a 95% confidence level with a significance level of 0.05. In addition, the non-perfused volume percentage (NPV%), transformed Symptom Severity Score percentage change (tSSS change%), and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) were computed. RESULTS: The overall effect of NPV% was 67.60%, where the 95% confidence interval ranged from 55.58% to 79.62%. The overall impact of tSSS% change was approximately 50% (0.54) with 95% CI of 0.41-0.66 of 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months in the included studies. There was a significant improvement in the health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of MR-HIFU therapy was improved as treatment protocols aimed for total ablation.

Effect of lignin on short-chain fatty acids production from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge.

Lignin, a biological resource with great potential, can be as high as ∼16% of the total organics in the waste activated sludge (WAS). This work therefore aims to fill the knowledge gap about the effect of lignin on short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production from anaerobic fermentation of sludge. Experimental results showed that lignin promoted rather than inhibited SCFAs production. Specifically, the presence of 15% lignin promoted the SCFAs production from 129.1 ± 6.5 to 223.14 ± 7.8 mg COD/g VSS compared with the control, and the proportion of acetic increased by 61.8%, while that of propionic decreased by 44.9%. Mechanism exploration revealed that lignin improved the solubilization of biodegradable substrates due to its hydrophobic characteristics. In addition, lignin enhanced the acidogenesis process, possibly by perfecting the electron transfer chain in the fermentation system, and the quinone structure in lignin may compete electrons with methanogens to inhibit the consumption of SCFAs. Microbiological analysis showed that the abundance of microorganisms related to acidogenesi, especially the acetogenesis, including Proteiniclasticum sp., Acetoanaerobium sp., in the fermenter with lignin increased, which caused the community to shift towards specialized and diverse SCFAs production.

Calcium oxide modification of activated sludge as a low-cost adsorbent: Preparation and application in Cd(II) removal.

In this study, a simple to produce, low-cost and environment-friendly sludge based adsorbent, prepared from municipal dewatered sludge and modified by calcium oxide (CaO), is described. The enhancement effect of CaO modification on the adsorption capacity and mechanical strength of sludge based adsorbents (CaO-SA), and the modification mechanism of CaO on activated sludge are discussed. Also, the Cd(II) adsorption conditions are optimized using surface optimization experiment. The results indicated that CaO had a good effect on improving the adsorption capacity and mechanical strength of the sludge-based adsorbent. The CaO-SA adsorbent showed best performance with respect to the mechanical strength and Cd(II) adsorption capacity when prepared under 5% CaO dosage and 60 °C drying temperature. CaO modification can increase the specific surface area and calcium ion content of the sludge-based adsorbent and remove the proton of the carboxylic acid in the sludge. The Box-Behnken experimental design results revealed that the importance of operating conditions for CaO-SA adsorption of Cd(II) can be arranged in the order of adsorption time > dosage> pH> temperature. The results also indicated that the interactions between adsorption time and CaO-SA dosage, adsorption time and pH, adsorption time and temperature are all important factors affecting the Cd(II) adsorption. The optimal conditions (adsorption time of 90 min, CaO-SA dosage of 1 g/L, pH of 5 and adsorption temperature of 40 °C) for CaO-SA to adsorb Cd(II) were obtained by surface optimization, at which the Cd(II) adsorption rate could reach a value of 99.74%.

Sn-Doping and Li2SnO3 Nano-Coating Layer Co-Modified LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 with Improved Cycle Stability at 4.6 V Cut-off Voltage.

Nickel-rich layered LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 (LiMO2) is widely investigated as a promising cathode material for advanced lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles, and a much higher energy density in higher cut-off voltage is emergent for long driving range. However, during extensive cycling when charged to higher voltage, the battery exhibits severe capacity fading and obvious structural collapse, which leads to poor cycle stability. Herein, Sn-doping and in situ formed Li2SnO3 nano-coating layer co-modified spherical-like LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 samples were successfully prepared using a facile molten salt method and demonstrated excellent cyclic properties and high-rate capabilities. The transition metal site was expected to be substituted by Sn in this study. The original crystal structures of the layered materials were influenced by Sn-doping. Sn not only entered into the crystal lattice of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, but also formed Li+-conductive Li2SnO3 on the surface. Sn-doping and Li2SnO3 coating layer co-modification are helpful to optimize the ratio of Ni2+ and Ni3+, and to improve the conductivity of the cathode. The reversible capacity and rate capability of the cathode are improved by Sn-modification. The 3 mol% Sn-modified LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 sample maintained the reversible capacity of 146.8 mAh g-1 at 5C, corresponding to 75.8% of its low-rate capacity (0.1C, 193.7mAh g-1) and kept the reversible capacity of 157.3 mAh g-1 with 88.4% capacity retention after 100 charge and discharge cycles at 1C rate between 2.7 and 4.6 V, showing the improved electrochemical property.

Clinical features of ordinany and severe COVID-19 cases / 预防医学

Objective @#To compare the clinical characteristics of ordinary and severe coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) cases, so as to provide basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. @*Methods @#We recruited 77 COVID-19 cases in Wenzhou Central Hospital from January 15 to February 29, 2020, collected their general information, clinical symptoms, laboratory test and CT scan results, and compared the clinical features of ordinary and severe cases.@*Results@# There were 50 ordinary cases and 27 severe cases. The age, prevalence of hypertension and other baseline diseases of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( P<0.05 ) . The maximum body temperature during 1-3 days of hospitalization, proportion of body temperature rising, prevalence of cough, yellow phlegm, hemoptysis, chest tightness and shortness of breath of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( all P<0.05 ) . The proportion of pulmonary consolidation, glazing and patch shadow, the number of solid changes and the cumulative number of lesions of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( all P<0.05 ) . The values of LYM during 1-10 days of hospitalization, total T-lymphocyte percentage, CD4 count and percentage, CD8 count, Hb and oxygenation index of severe cases were lower than those of ordinary cases; while the values of LDH and NLR during 1-10 days of hospitalization, N8R, AST, ferritin, CRP during 1-7 days of hospitalization and D-dimer of severe cases were higher than those of ordinary cases ( all P<0.05 ). @*Conclusions@#Severe COVID-19 cases have older age, higher prevalence of baseline diseases, fever, shortness of breath symptoms, more lung consolidation and lesions, significantly decreased lymphocyte level ( especially CD4 ) , and increased LDH, NLR, ferritin and CRP.

Ethiodized poppyseed oil versus ioversol for image quality and adverse events in hysterosalpingography: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the image quality and adverse events (AEs) of ethiodized poppyseed oil (EPO) compared with ioversol as contrast agents in hysterosalpingography (HSG). METHODS: Two hundred twenty-eight patients underwent HSG were consecutively recruited in this prospective cohort study, and were accordingly divided into EPO group (N = 165) and ioversol group (N = 63). The quality of image was assessed according to the European Guidelines on quality criteria for diagnostic radiographic images. AEs during, within 2 h and at 1-month post-HSG were recorded. RESULTS: EPO displayed elevated image quality compared with ioversol including the total image quality score (P < 0.001), the cervical canal display score (P < 0.001), shape and outline of uterus score (P < 0.01), cervical mucosa or folds score (P < 0.001), oviduct isthmus score (P < 0.001), ampulla and fimbriae of oviduct score (P < 0.001) and celiac diffuse image score (P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression displayed that EPO (P < 0.001) was an independent predictive factor for increased total image quality score. AEs were similar between EPO group and ioversol group during and within 2 h post-HSG (all P > 0.05). However, at 1-month post-HSG, the number of patients had unchanged and faded menstrual blood color decreased but the proportion of patients with deepened menstrual color increased in EPO group compared with ioversol group (P = 0.007). In addition, the number of patients had iodine residue in uterine cavity was elevated in EPO group compared with ioversol group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: EPO is more efficient in image quality and equally tolerant compared to ioversol as contrast agents in HSG.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) variety discrimination and hybridization analysis based on the 5S rRNA region.

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a major vegetable crop worldwide. To satisfy popular demand, more than 500 tomato varieties have been bred. However, a clear variety identification has not been found. Thorough understanding of the phylogenetic relationship and hybridization information of tomato varieties is very important for further variety breeding. Thus, in this study, we collected 26 tomato varieties and attempted to distinguish them based on the 5S rRNA region, which is widely used in the determination of phylogenetic relations. Sequence analysis of the 5S rRNA region suggested that a large number of nucleotide variations exist among tomato varieties. These variable nucleotide sites were also informative regarding hybridization. Chromas sequencing of Yellow Mountain View and Seuwiteuking varieties indicated three and one variable nucleotide sites in the non-transcribed spacer (NTS) of the 5S rRNA region showing hybridization, respectively. Based on a phylogenetic tree constructed using the 5S rRNA sequences, we observed that 16 tomato varieties were divided into three groups at 95% similarity. Rubiking and Sseommeoking, Lang Selection Procedure and Seuwiteuking, and Acorn Gold and Yellow Mountain View exhibited very high identity with their partners. This work will aid variety authentication and provides a basis for further tomato variety breeding.