Establishment and characterization of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome rabbit model.

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS) is a congenital defect disease that results in defective purine metabolism. It is caused by pathogenic variants of the HPRT gene. Its clinical symptoms mainly include high uric acid levels, gout, and kidney stones and damage. The mechanism of LNS has not been fully elucidated, and no cure exists. Animal models have always played an important role in exploring causative mechanisms and new therapies. This study combined CRISPR/Cas9 and microinjection to knock out the HPRT gene to create an LNS rabbit model. A sgRNA targeting exon 3 of HPRT gene was designed. Subsequently, Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA were injected into rabbit zygotes, and injected embryos were transferred to the uterus. The genotype and phenotype of rabbits were analyzed after birth. Four infant rabbits (named R1, R2, R3 and R4), which showed varying levels of gene modification, were born. The gene-editing efficiency was 100%. No wild-type sequences at the target HPRT gene were detected in R4 rabbit. Next, 6-thioguanine drug testing confirmed that HPRT enzymatic activity was deficient in R4 infant rabbit. HE staining revealed kidney abnormalities in all infant rabbits. Overall, an sgRNA capable of knocking out the HPRT gene in rabbits was successfully designed, and HPRT gene-modified rabbits were successfully constructed by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and microinjection. This study provides a new nonrodent animal model for studying LNS syndrome.

Maximum stress hyperglycemia ratio within the first 24 h of admission predicts mortality during and after the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome in patients with and without diabetes: A retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.

AIMS: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is significantly associated with short-term adverse cardiovascular events. However, the association between SHR and mortality after the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains controversial. METHODS: This study used data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV database. Patients with ACS hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) were retrospectively enrolled. RESULTS: A total of 2668 ACS patients were enrolled. The incidence of in-hospital and 1-year mortality was 4.7 % and 13.2 %, respectively. The maximum SHR had a higher prognostic value for predicting both in-hospital and 1-year mortality than the first SHR. Adding the maximum SHR to the SOFA score could significantly improve the prognostic prediction. In the landmark analysis at 30 days, the maximum SHR was a risk factor for mortality within 30 days regardless of whether patients had diabetes. However, it was no longer associated with mortality after 30 days in patients with diabetes after adjustment (HR = 1.237 per 1-point increment, 95 % CI 0.854-1.790). CONCLUSIONS: The maximum SHR was significantly associated with mortality in patients with ACS hospitalized in the ICU. However, caution is warranted if it is used for predicting mortality after 30 days in patients with diabetes.

Simultaneous assessment of stress hyperglycemia ratio and glycemic variability to predict mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: a retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.

BACKGROUND: Stress hyperglycemia and glycemic variability (GV) can reflect dramatic increases and acute fluctuations in blood glucose, which are associated with adverse cardiovascular events. This study aimed to explore whether the combined assessment of the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and GV provides additional information for prognostic prediction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: Patients diagnosed with CAD from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV database (version 2.2) between 2008 and 2019 were retrospectively included in the analysis. The primary endpoint was 1-year mortality, and the secondary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Levels of SHR and GV were stratified into tertiles, with the highest tertile classified as high and the lower two tertiles classified as low. The associations of SHR, GV, and their combination with mortality were determined by logistic and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 2789 patients were included, with a mean age of 69.6 years, and 30.1% were female. Overall, 138 (4.9%) patients died in the hospital, and 404 (14.5%) patients died at 1 year. The combination of SHR and GV was superior to SHR (in-hospital mortality: 0.710 vs. 0.689, p = 0.012; 1-year mortality: 0.644 vs. 0.615, p = 0.007) and GV (in-hospital mortality: 0.710 vs. 0.632, p = 0.004; 1-year mortality: 0.644 vs. 0.603, p < 0.001) alone for predicting mortality in the receiver operating characteristic analysis. In addition, nondiabetic patients with high SHR levels and high GV were associated with the greatest risk of both in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 10.831, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.494-26.105) and 1-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.830, 95% CI 3.175-10.702). However, in the diabetic population, the highest risk of in-hospital mortality (OR = 4.221, 95% CI 1.542-11.558) and 1-year mortality (HR = 2.013, 95% CI 1.224-3.311) was observed in patients with high SHR levels but low GV. CONCLUSIONS: The simultaneous evaluation of SHR and GV provides more information for risk stratification and prognostic prediction than SHR and GV alone, contributing to developing individualized strategies for glucose management in patients with CAD admitted to the ICU.

Associations of variability in blood glucose and systolic blood pressure with mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: A retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.

AIMS: Variability of metabolic parameters, such as glycemic variability (GV) and systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV), are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, whether these parameters have additive effects on mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled patients with CAD from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV database. The highest tertile of variability was defined as high variability. A variability scoring system was established, which assigned 0 points to tertile 1, 1 point to tertile 2, and 2 points to tertile 3 for GV and SBPV. RESULTS: Among 4237 patients with CAD, 400 patients died in hospital, and 967 patients died during 1-year follow-up. High GV and high SBPV were associated with an increased risk of mortality. The effects of GV and SBPV on in-hospital mortality were partially mediated by ventricular arrhythmias (18.0 % and 6.6 %, respectively). The risk of mortality gradually increased with the number of high-variability parameters and increasing variability scores. CONCLUSIONS: GV and SBPV have additive effects on the risk of mortality in patients with CAD hospitalized in the ICU. Ventricular arrhythmias partially mediate the effects of GV and SBPV on in-hospital mortality.

The Prognostic Value of the Age-D-Dimer-Albumin Score in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

BACKGROUND: The Age-D-dimer-Albumin (ADA), the CREDO-Kyoto, and the PARIS scores have been established to predict thrombotic events. However, the prognostic performance of these scores compared to the GRACE score in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been reported. METHODS: Consecutive AMI patients treated with PCI were retrospectively enrolled at a teaching hospital in China from January 2016 to December 2019. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and the secondary endpoint was cardiac death. Harrell's C-index and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to compare the prognostic value of these scores with the GRACE score for mortality. RESULTS: Of the 1,578 patients enrolled, the mean age was 62.5 years, and 23.5% were female. During a median follow-up of 3.8 years, 146 all-cause deaths and 80 cardiac deaths occurred. The ADA score showed a better prognostic performance than the GRACE (Harrell's C-index: 0.800 vs. 0.749; p = 0.003), the CREDO-Kyoto (Harrell's C-index: 0.800 vs. 0.765; NRI = 0.348, p < 0.001), and the PARIS scores (Harrell's C-index: 0.800 vs. 0.694; NRI = 0.556, p < 0.001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the ADA score was independently associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.641 per 10-point increment, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.397-1.929) and cardiac death (HR = 1.636 per 10-point increment, 95% CI: 1.325-2.020). The risk of all-cause mortality and cardiac death increased with the rising of the ADA score. CONCLUSION: The ADA score showed a better prognostic performance than the GRACE, the CREDO-Kyoto, and the PARIS scores in patients with AMI undergoing PCI, which was a potential predictive tool for mortality.

A Comparison of the Prognostic Value of Liver Fibrosis Scores in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes.

Liver fibrosis scores have been demonstrated to be associated with poor prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, no studies have compared the prognostic value of these scores in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with and without diabetes. We retrospectively enrolled 1576 AMI patients who underwent PCI. There were 177 all-cause deaths and 111 cardiac deaths during follow-up (median 3.8 years). The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) showed a better prognostic value than the fibrosis-8 (FIB-8) score (Harrell's C-index: 0.703 vs 0.671, P = .014) and the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score (Harrell's C-index: 0.703 vs 0.648, P < .001) in the overall population. In the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis, the NFS also had the highest area under the curve across all time points. Consistent results were observed in diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Adding the NFS to traditional cardiovascular risk factors significantly improved the prediction both for all-cause mortality (Harrell's C-index: 0.806 vs 0.771, P < .001) and cardiac death (Harrell's C-index: 0.800 vs 0.771, P = .014). The NFS showed a better prognostic value than the FIB-8 score and the FIB-4 score in patients with AMI undergoing PCI, which might be preferable for estimating the risk of mortality regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes.

Excitonic Effect Drives Ultrafast Transition in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are ideal platforms for exploring excitonic physics because of the tightly bound excitons. In this work, we observed the onset of band-edge exciton formation in monolayer MoS2 (WS2) and bilayer MoS2-WS2 by measuring the transient optical response upon excitation with ultrashort laser pulses. In addition to wavelength dependence on excitation under nonresonant excitation, we found that the onset of band-edge exciton formation in monolayer MoS2 (WS2) pumped in the exciton state is significantly faster than that with pumping in the nonexciton state, which could be attributed to the effective transition between exciton states induced by the excitonic effect. Besides, the onset of band-edge exciton formation in van der Waals heterostructures is similar to that for monolayer TMDCs regardless of charge transfer at the interface. Our work contributes to a better understanding of exciton dynamics in 2D TMDCs, providing a solid basis of the rational design of the 2D optoelectronic applications based on TMDCs.

Ultrafast dynamics of spin relaxation in monolayer WSe2 and the WSe2/graphene heterojunction.

Excitonic devices based on two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) can combine spintronics with valleytronics due to its special energy band structure. In this work, we studied the generation and relaxation processes of spin/valley polarized excitons dynamics in monolayer WSe2 and its van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction with graphene using a circularly polarized femtosecond pump-probe system. The spin/valley depolarization dynamics of the A exciton in monolayer WSe2 is found to exhibit a biexponential decay. The fast relaxation process is due to the ultrafast intervalley electron-hole spin-flip exchange coupling and electron-phonon scattering. And the slow relaxation process originates from the recombination and relaxation of the trion states. Graphene has an electron extraction effect on WSe2, which prevents the formation of trions. Therefore, the spin/valley depolarization process of the A exciton in the heterojunction exhibits only a fast relaxation process. In both monolayer WSe2 and its heterojunction with graphene, B/A' excitons exhibit a negative spin/valley polarization which is mainly due to two-photon absorption and excited Bose scattering. Our work systematically studied the spin/valley depolarization dynamics of excitons and revealed possible mechanisms of their differences in isolated 2D WSe2 and vdW heterojunctions.

Spin-Valley Depolarization in van der Waals Heterostructures.

The appearance of van der Waals heterostructures offers a new solution to valleytronics. Here, we observe the spin-valley depolarization process of electrons and holes in type-II MoS2-WSe2 heterostructures simultaneously for the first time by valley-resolved broad-band femtosecond pump-probe experiments. The different depolarization paths between electrons and holes make them have different spin-valley polarization lifetimes. The spin-valley depolarization pathway of holes is mainly dominated by a phonon-assisted intervalley scattering process, while intra- and intervalley coupling can trigger additional depolarization pathways for electrons. The hole polarization lifetime can be further prolonged to more than three times in trilayer heterostructure 2MoS2-WSe2. For MoS2-WS2 that has strong orbital hybridization of Mo and W atoms, both electrons and holes lose the spin-valley polarization extremely soon after charge separation, behaving similarly to intraexcitons in a monolayer. Our work advances the basic understanding of spin-valley depolarization of van der Waals heterostructures and facilitates the effort toward longer lifetime valleytronic devices for information transfer and storage applications.

Observation of quantum-confined exciton states in monolayer WS2 quantum dots by ultrafast spectroscopy.

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide quantum dots (TMDC QDs) could exhibit unique photophysical properties, because of both lateral quantum confinement effect and edge effect. However, there is little fundamental study on the quantum-confined exciton dynamics in monolayer TMDC QDs, to date. Here, by selective excitations of monolayer WS2 QDs in broadband transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy experiments, the excitation-wavelength-dependent ground state bleaching signals corresponding to the quantum-confined exciton states are directly observed. Compared to the time-resolved photophysical properties of WS2 nanosheets, the selected monolayer WS2 QDs only show one ground state bleaching peak with larger initial values for the linear polarization anisotropy of band-edge excitons, probably due to the expired spin-orbit coupling. This suggests a complete change of the band structure for monolayer WS2 QDs. In the femtosecond time-resolved circular polarization anisotropy experiments, a valley depolarization time of ∼100 fs is observed for WS2 nanosheets at room temperature, which is not observed for monolayer WS2 QDs. Our findings suggest a strong state-mixing of band-edge valley excitons responsible for the large linear polarization in monolayer WS2 QDs, which could be helpful for understanding the exciton relaxation mechanisms in colloidal monolayer TMDC QDs.

Observation of robust charge transfer under strain engineering in two-dimensional MoS2-WSe2 heterostructures.

Strain is one of the effective ways to modulate the band structure of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), which has been reported in theoretical and steady-state spectroscopic studies. However, the strain effects on the charge transfer processes in TMDC heterostructures have not been experimentally addressed thus far. Here, we systematically investigate the strain-mediated transient spectral evolutions corresponding to excitons at band-edge and higher energy states for monolayer MoS2 and monolayer WSe2. It is demonstrated that Γ and K valleys in monolayer WSe2 and monolayer MoS2 present different strain responses, according to the broadband femtosecond pump-probe experimental results. It is further observed that the resulting band offset changes tuned by applied tensile strains in MoS2-WSe2 heterostructures would not affect the band-edge electron transfer profiles, where only monolayer WSe2 is excited. From a flexible optoelectronic applications perspective, the robust charge transfer under strain engineering in TMDC heterostructures is very advantageous.

Layer-Dependent Electron Transfer and Recombination Processes in MoS2/WSe2 Multilayer Heterostructures.

Understanding and controlling the charge transfer processes of two-dimensional (2D) materials are fundamental for the optimized device performance based on 2D semiconductors and heterostructures. The charge transfer rate is very robust in transition metal disulfide (TMD) heterostructures with type II band alignments, which can be manipulated by intercalating a dielectric layer like hBN to isolate the donor and acceptor monolayers. This study shows that there is an alternative way to change the electron transfer and recombination rates in the case of nLMoS2/mLWSe2 multilayer heterostructures, where the donor-acceptor distance is maintained, but the rate of electron transfer is strongly layer dependent and shows asymmetry for the layer number of donor and acceptor monolayers. Especially, the 1LMoS2/2LWSe2 heterostructure slows electron transfer and charge recombination rates ∼2.3 and ∼12 times that of the 1LMoS2/1LWSe2 heterostructure, respectively, which have been competitive with that in the 1LMoS2/hBN/1LWSe2 heterostructure. From an application perspective, the noninterfacial electron transfer in which photogenerated electrons should across more than one atomically thin layer is not favorable due to the built-in electric field established by the initial interfacial electron transfer.

Isoliquiritigenin, an Orally Available Natural FLT3 Inhibitor from Licorice, Exhibits Selective Anti-Acute Myeloid Leukemia Efficacy In Vitro and In Vivo.

Licorice is a medicinal herb widely used to treat inflammation-related diseases in China. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is an important constituent of licorice and possesses multiple bioactivities. In this study, we examined the selective anti-AML (acute myeloid leukemia) property of ISL via targeting FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3), a certified valid target for treating AML. In vitro, ISL potently inhibited FLT3 kinase, with an IC50 value of 115.1 ± 4.2 nM, and selectively inhibited the proliferation of FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) or FLT3-ITD/F691L mutant AML cells. Moreover, it showed very weak activity toward other tested cell lines or kinases. Western blot immunoassay revealed that ISL significantly inhibited the activation of FLT3/Erk1/2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) signal in AML cells. Meanwhile, a molecular docking study indicated that ISL could stably form aromatic interactions and hydrogen bonds within the kinase domain of FLT3. In vivo, oral administration of ISL significantly inhibited the MV4-11 flank tumor growth and prolonged survival in the bone marrow transplant model via decreasing the expression of Ki67 and inducing apoptosis. Taken together, the present study identified a novel function of ISL as a selective FLT3 inhibitor. ISL could also be a potential natural bioactive compound for treating AML with FLT3-ITD or FLT3-ITD/F691L mutations. Thus, ISL and licorice might possess potential therapeutic effects for treating AML, providing a new strategy for anti-AML.

A facile synthesis of segmented silver nanowires and enhancement of the performance of polymer solar cells.

In this work, segmented silver nanowires (AgNWs) with an average diameter of 60 nm have been successfully synthesized by a typical polyol method without any templates and seeds. The synthesized segmented AgNWs were strongly dependent on the reaction temperature and time. It was found from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction measurements that the connection node of segmented AgNWs was in the form of a twinned crystal. We speculated that these segmented AgNWs were possibly derived from end-to-end self-connection and self-concrescence of two neighbouring Ag nanorods or nanowires at a suitable reaction temperature and time, which is further confirmed by the secondary growth of AgNWs. In addition, segmented AgNWs were blended into hole transporting layers to enhance the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs) by utilizing their localized surface plasmon resonance and optical scattering effects. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and short-circuit current density (Jsc) of PSCs with segmented AgNWs increased from 2.81% and 8.99 mA cm-2 to 3.30% and 9.95 mA cm-2, respectively.

[Preparation and luminescent properties of light scattering fluorescent resin].

With the methods of compound-melting and high-temperature molding, PC/YAG:Ce fluorescent resin pieces were prepared. The transmittance of the prepared PC/YAG:Ce fluorescent resin in 500~800 nm reaches approximately 65% (0.71 mm thick, double sides polished). The fluorescent resin was characterized by XRD, SEM and PL. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns demonstrated that the fluorescent resin was pure Y3Al5O12 phase. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that YAG phosphor was distributed evenly in the fluorescent resin. The excitation spectra had a weak peak at 342 nm and a strong band at 448 nm. The broad emission peaks at about 532 nm can be attributed to 5d-->4f transition of Ce3+ ions. Decay curves for the fluorescence of PC/YAG:Ce fluorescent resin show that the lifetime of the fluorescent resin was 61.5 ns. The luminous efficacy of the white LED packaged by the fluorescent resin and blue LED chip was 81.12 lm · W(-1) at 100 mA. All results above of PC/YAG:Ce fluorescent resin indicate a promising fluorescent material for white LEDs.

[Preparation and optical properties of MgAl2O4/Ce:YAG transparent ceramics].

High-purity ultrafine MgAl2O4 powder was synthesized by metal-alkoxide method and calcining for 2-4 h. And then MgAl2O4/Ce:YAG transparent ceramics were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering and hot isostatic pressed sintering technique with YAG:Ce powder and MgAl2O4 powder. The transparent ceramics were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and fluorescence spectrometer, respectively. The results show that the crystal phase of the transparent ceramic was composed of MgAl2O4 and YAG,and the YAG phase dispersed well in the matrix of MgAl2O4. The excitation spectra had a weak band at 345 nm and a strong band at 475 nm. The broad emission peaks at about 533 nm were attributed to 5d-->4f transition of Ce3+ ions. Decay curves for the fluorescence of MgAl2O4/Ce:YAG transparent ceramic test show that the lifetime of the Ce:YAG glass ceramic was 59.74 ns. All results show that MgAl2O4/Ce:YAG transparent ceramic may be a promising fluorescent material for white LED applications.

[The correlation of HBeAg expression and HBV-DNA in serum or peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between HBeAg expression and HBV-DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS: 208 patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in this present study. HBV-DNA in the PBMCs were performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with the serum HBV-DNA level being determined by the way of fluoresces quantities PCR (FQ-PCR). Meanwhile, HBV-GM was also detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: There were 106 patients for positivity in the HBV-DNA level of PBMCs with 102 for negativity, in which the HBV-DNA high levels (HBV DNA load > or = 1.0E5) in serum were 91.5%, 45.1% (chi2=52.12, P>0.01) respectively, with 76.4% and 50.9% (chi2=21.55, P>0.01) for the positive percentage of HBeAg expression. CONCLUSION: A significantly positive correlation was found between HBV-DNA in PBMCs and serum HBV-DNA along with the positive percentage of HBeAg, indicating that obvious PBMCs' increase infected by HBV in patients with positivity of HBeAg and high level of serum HBV-DNA.

Organic matter and concentrated nitrogen removal by shortcut nitrification and denitrification from mature municipal landfill leachate.

An UASB+Anoxic/Oxic (A/O) system was introduced to treat a mature landfill leachate with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and high ammonia concentration. To make the best use of the biodegradable COD in the leachate, the denitrification of NOx- -N in the recirculation effluent from the clarifier was carried out in the UASB. The results showed that most biodegradable organic matters were removed by the denitrification in the UASB. The NH4+ -N loading rate (ALR) of A/O reactor and operational temperature was 0.28-0.60 kg NH4+ -N/(m3 x d) and 17-29 degrees C during experimental period, respectively. The short-cut nitrification with nitrite accumulation efficiency of 90%-99% was stabilized during the whole experiment. The NH4+ -N removal efficiency varied between 90% and 100%. When ALR was less than 0.45 kg NH4+ -N/(m3 x d), the NH4+ -N removal efficiency was more than 98%. With the influent NH4+ -N of 1200-1800 mg/L, the effluent NH4+ -N was less than 15 mg/L. The shortcut nitrification and denitrification can save 40% carbon source, with a highly efficient denitrification taking place in the UASB. When the ratio of the feed COD to feed NH4+ -N was only 2-3, the total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency attained 67%-80%. Besides, the sludge samples from A/O reactor were analyzed using FISH. The FISH analysis revealed that ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB) accounted for 4% of the total eubacterial population, whereas nitrite oxidation bacteria (NOB) accounted only for 0.2% of the total eubacterial population.

[Relationship between HBV-DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and syndrome types of TCM in chronic hepatitis B patients].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between TCM syndrome type and HBV-DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. METHODS: The serum HBV markers,HBV-DNA levels in serum and PBMCs, were quantitatively detected in 220 CHB patients by PCR method, and TCM syndrome type of 205 patients were differentiated. RESULTS: Arranged from low to high, the percentages of CHB patients with the serum HBV-DNA > or = 1.0 x l0(5) copy/mL (high viral loading) in the five syndrome types were as follows: damp-heat retention in middle-jiao syndrome (DHRS, 55.2%), blood stasis blocking collateral syndrome (BSBC), Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome (GSYS), Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome (PSDS) and Gan stagnation with Pi deficiency syndrome (GSPS, 82.5%), the difference was significant between DHRS and GSPS; those with HBV-DNA in PBMCs infection were: GSYS (27.3%), DHRS (34.3%), BSBC (53.1%) and GSPS (77.2%). The percentage in GSPS was the highest, which was significantly different to that in other syndromes. CONCLUSION: Amount of serum HBV-DNA and PBMCs HBV-DNA infection has certain correlation with the TCM syndrome type of CHB. The highest percentage of patients with HBV-DNA > or = 1.0 x l0(5) copy/mL and PBMCs HBV-DNA infection presented in CHB patients of GSPS type. We should pay more attention to strengthen genuine qi to eliminate pathogenic factors in treatment of CHB.