Global trends in research on MOG antibody-associated disease: bibliometrics and visualization analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current research status, focus areas, and developmental trends in the field of Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) through an analysis of scientific literature. Methods: The relevant research articles on MOGAD published from 1947 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. The quantitative output of MOGAD related research articles, their distribution by country/region, data on collaborative publishing, influential authors, high-yield institutions, keywords, hotspots, and development trends were analyzed. Additionally, visual knowledge maps were generated using VOSviewer and Citespace. Results: There has been a steady increase in the number of MOGAD related publications indicating that the subject has garnered increasing interest among researchers globally. The United States has been the leading contributor with 496 papers (19.25%), followed by China (244, 9.63%), Japan (183, 7.10%), the United Kingdom (154, 5.98%), and Germany (149, 5.78%). Among these countries, the United Kingdom boasts the highest citation frequency at the rate of 46.49 times per paper. Furthermore, active collaboration in MOGAD related research is observed primarily between the United States and countries such as Canada, Germany, Australia, Italy, the United Kingdom and Japan. Mayo Clinic ranks first in total articles published (109) and frequency of citations per article (77.79). Takahashi Toshiyuki from Tohoku University is the most prolific author, while Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders is the most widely read journal in this field. "Disease Phenotype", "Treatment", "Novel Coronavirus Infection and Vaccination", "Immunopathological Mechanisms", "Clinical characteristics of children" and "Prognosis" are the primary keywords clusters in this field. "Novel Coronavirus Infection and Vaccination" and "Immunopathological Mechanisms" are research hotspots and have great development potential. Conclusion: The past three decades have witnessed a significant expansion of research on MOGAD. The pathogenetic mechanism of MOGAD is poised to be the prominent research focus in this field in the foreseeable future.

Direct Evidence for an Intermediate Multiferroic Phase in LiCuFe2(VO4)3.

Magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, dielectric, and electric polarization of LiCuFe2(VO4)3 have been investigated. Two sequential antiferromagnetic transitions at TN1 ∼ 9.95 K and TN2 ∼ 8.17 K are observed under zero magnetic field. Although a dielectric peak at TN1 is clearly identified, the measured pyroelectric current also exhibits a sharp peak at TN1, implying the magnetically relevant ferroelectricity. Interestingly, another pyroelectric peak around TN2 with an opposite signal is observed, resulting in the disappearance of electric polarization below TN2. Besides, the electric polarization is significantly suppressed in response to external magnetic field, evidencing a remarkable magnetoelectric effect. These results suggest the essential relevance of the magnetic structure with the ferroelectricity in LiCuFe2(VO4)3, deserving further investigation of the underlying mechanism.

Kuramoto Model-Based Analysis Reveals Oxytocin Effects on Brain Network Dynamics.

The oxytocin effects on large-scale brain networks such as Default Mode Network (DMN) and Frontoparietal Network (FPN) have been largely studied using fMRI data. However, these studies are mainly based on the statistical correlation or Bayesian causality inference, lacking interpretability at the physical and neuroscience level. Here, we propose a physics-based framework of the Kuramoto model to investigate oxytocin effects on the phase dynamic neural coupling in DMN and FPN. Testing on fMRI data of 59 participants administrated with either oxytocin or placebo, we demonstrate that oxytocin changes the topology of brain communities in DMN and FPN, leading to higher synchronization in the FPN and lower synchronization in the DMN, as well as a higher variance of the coupling strength within the DMN and more flexible coupling patterns at group level. These results together indicate that oxytocin may increase the ability to overcome the corresponding internal oscillation dispersion and support the flexibility in neural synchrony in various social contexts, providing new evidence for explaining the oxytocin modulated social behaviors. Our proposed Kuramoto model-based framework can be a potential tool in network neuroscience and offers physical and neural insights into phase dynamics of the brain.

Magnetoelectric Effect in Garnet Mn3Al2Ge3O12.

Searching for novel magnetoelectric (ME) materials has been one of the major issues of multiferroics. In this work, we present a systematic research study on garnet Mn3Al2Ge3O12, including structural, magnetic, heat capacity, and ME characterizations. Below the Néel temperature TN ∼ 6.8 K, Mn2+ spins form a long-range antiferromagnetic order, and a magnetic field H-driven electric polarization P is identified simultaneously. The relationship between P and H is nonlinear under low H and becomes linear under high H. Such transition is believed to originate from the H-induced variation of the magnetic structure. In addition, the P reaches 0.6 µC/m2 under µ0H = 9 T, corresponding to an ME coupling coefficient of αME ∼ 0.08 ps/m under high H. The small αME is attributed to the weak spin-orbit coupling and weak magnetic interactions in Mn3Al2Ge3O12. Furthermore, we realize the stable control of P by periodically varying H, which is crucial for potential application. We provide a rare case that a garnet material shows a first-order ME effect.

SARS-CoV-2-Associated Cerebrovascular Disease Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Cerebrovascular diseases associated with SARS-CoV-2 are being increasingly reported in the literature as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues. However, a case-based retrospective analysis of the literature about SARS-CoV-2-cerebrovascular disease (SCVD) is not yet well established. Thus, we reviewed the literature on SCVD covering a comprehensive range of topics spanning the clinical features, mechanism, treatment, and outcomes of patients with SCVD. METHODS: We searched PubMed® and included single-case reports and case series with full text in English that reported original data of patients with CVD and a confirmed recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical data were extracted. RESULTS: We included all 51 articles indexed in PubMed® that were published between January 1, 2020, and June 20, 2020. The selected studies reported a total of 167 cerebrovascular events including ischemic stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and cerebral venous thrombosis in patients with confirmed COVID-19. The detailed demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with CVD are summarized. CONCLUSION: This summary of patient characteristics may help clinicians better anticipate SCVD outcomes and complications in their COVID-19 patients.

Graph Theoretic Analysis Reveals Intranasal Oxytocin Induced Network Changes Over Frontal Regions.

In this study, we aim to elucidate how intranasal oxytocin modulates brain network characteristics, especially over the frontal network. As an essential brain hub of social cognition and emotion regulation, we also explore the association between graphic properties of the frontal network and individual personality traits under oxytocin (OT) administration. Fifty-nine male participants administered intranasal OT or placebo were followed by resting-state fMRI scanning. The correlation-based network model was applied to study OT modulation effects. We performed community detection algorithms and conducted further network analyses, including clustering coefficient, average shortest path and eigenvector centrality. In addition, we conducted a correlation analysis between clustering coefficients and the self-assessed psychological scales. Modular organizations in the OT group reveal integrations of the frontoparietal network (FPN) and the default mode network (DMN) over frontal regions. Results show that frontal nodes within the FPN are characterized by lower clustering coefficients and higher average shortest path values compared to the placebo group. Notably, these modulation effects on frontal network property are associated with Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) fantasy value. Our results suggest that OT elevates integrations between FPN, DMN and limbic system as well as reduces small-worldness within the FPN. Our results support graph theoretic analysis as a potential tool to assess OT induced effects on the information integration in the frontal network.

Spin-Glass Ground State in a Triangular-Lattice Compound YbZnGaO_{4}.

We report on comprehensive results identifying the ground state of a triangular-lattice structured YbZnGaO_{4} as a spin glass, including no long-range magnetic order, prominent broad excitation continua, and the absence of magnetic thermal conductivity. More crucially, from the ultralow-temperature ac susceptibility measurements, we unambiguously observe frequency-dependent peaks around 0.1 K, indicating the spin-glass ground state. We suggest this conclusion holds also for its sister compound YbMgGaO_{4}, which is confirmed by the observation of spin freezing at low temperatures. We consider disorder and frustration to be the main driving force for the spin-glass phase.