Sarcomatoid carcinoma of renal pelvis: a case report / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis is rare. One case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the left renal pelvis was reported. The patient was diagnosed as sarcomatoid carcinoma of left pyelonephrosis by left percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) and biopsy of left pyelonephrosis in another hospital due to left lumbar pain.The patient came to our hospital for laparoscopic left hemiculturectomy and was pathologically diagnosed as left renal pelvic sarcomatoid carcinoma. The patient suffered left retroperitoneal recurrence and bilateral lung metastasis 7 months after surgery and died of cachexia 10 months later.

Genotyping identification and sequence analysis of ABO ambiguous blood group in 20 cases / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the genotypes of ABO ambiguous blood group samples(n=20) and identify their molecular biological characteristics. 【Methods】 The serological phenotype of the samples was analyzed by serological techniques. Seven exons of ABO gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR products were directly sequenced; the genotypes and sequences of ABO subtypes were analyzed. 【Results】 The serological phenotypes of 20 samples presenting ABO ambiguous blood group were as follows: weak A antigen (n=5), weak A antigen combined with anti-A1 antibody (n=5), normal A antigen combined with anti-A1 antibody (n=2), weak B antigen (n=8). The genotypes of them were as follows: Ax02/O01 (n=3), Ael07/O01 (n=2), B313/O01 (n=2), A204/O02 (n=1), A220/O01 (n=1), Ael07/O02 (n=1), Ael02/O01 (n=1), Ael02/O02 (n=1), Ax03/O01 (n=1), Ax03/O02 (n=1), B313/O02 (n=1), B302/O01 (n=1), B302/O02 (n=1), Bw19/O02 (n=1), A102/B313 (n=1) and A101/Bw37 (n=1). 【Conclusion】 ABO genotyping technology can accurately identify the ambiguous blood group of samples, provide definite genetic information of blood group and ensure the safety of clinical transfusion.

Clinical observation of Shangke Huangshui Gauze on preventing vascular crisis after digital replantation / 中成药

AIM To investigate the preventive effects of Shangke Huangshui Gauze (Scutellariae Radix,Coptidis Rhizoma,Phellodendri chinensis Cortex,etc.) on vascular crisis after digital replantation.METHODS Sixty-eight cases of patients with amputated digits meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into observation group (36 cases with 57 fingers) and control group (32 cases with 54 fingers),the former was wet-dressed with Shangke Huangshui Gauze,the latter was bandaged with sterile dry gauze.The observation and comparison were made between the two groups on four coagulation indexes,visual analog scores (VAS),improvement of swelling degrees,the occurrence rates and survival rates of vascular crisis after operation,together with the evaluation of efficacy and adverse reaction.RESULTS In the observation group,the 7th day after operation,the prothrombin time,activated partial thromboplastin time,international normalized ratio,thrombin time and swelling improvement rate were higher than those in the control group;but the fibrinogen and postoperative 4 days' VAS pain score were lower than those in the control group.The incidence rates of vascular crisis and adverse reaction in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the survival rate of replanted fingers was higher than that in the control group.CONCLUSION Shangke Huangshui Gauze can prevent the occurrence of vascular crisis after digital replantation to a certain extent without obvious adverse reaction.

Analysis of the Clinical Effect and Safety of Modified Microvascular Decompression on the Recurrent Trigeminal Neuralgia / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To explore the clinical effect and safety of modified microvascular decompression (MVD) on the recurrent trigeminal neuralgia.Methods:50 patients with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia from 2010 to 2015 in the Center of Cranial Nerve of Shanghai Jiaotong University (including Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Xinhua Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed,patients before 2012 were given regular MVD (MVD group,n=22),patients after 2012 were given improved MVD (modified MVD group,n=28).MVD group was given trigeminal nenre root decompression by traditional MVD,the method was described as follows:the skin,myofascial was cutted in turn along the first incision,the scar tissue on the edge of bone window was separated,and the bone window was appropriately expanded until the dura mater was fully exposed.Then dura mater was cutted open to sharply dissect the arachnoid,Meckel cavity was probed up to neurological brain regions (REZ),the trigeminal nerve segment was closely examined to separate the responsible blood vessels of oppressive nerve and the Teflon pad of cotton imbedding at the first operation.Modified MVD group was given detection of intracranial trigeminal nerve and its surrounding structures,dissection of brainstem extended segment of trigeminal neuralgia,and the compression of superior cerebellar artery to brainstem extended segment of trigeminal neuralgia was fended off.The postoperative remission rate,recurrence and complications between two groups were compared.Results:The postoperative remission rate in modified MVD group was 100.0％,which was significantly higher than that of the MVD group (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P＞0.05).The recurrence rate at 1 year after surgery in modified MVD group was 0％,which was significantly lower than that of the MVD group (22.7％,P＜0.05).Conclusions:Decompression of trigeminal nenrerootcombined with brainstem extended segment of trigeminal neuralgia in MVD for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia could effectively relieve the pain,reduce the risk of postoperative recurrence,and wouldn't increase the postoperative complications.

Applicatiton of dexmedetomidine in emergent intratracheal intubation / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the intubation reaction during intratracheal intubation in the patients in the emergency department .Methods Fifty adult patients needing emergent tracheal intubation in the emergency de-partment of this hospital were divided into the dexmedetomidine group and the middazolam group ,25 cases in each group .The dexmedetomidine group was given dexmedetomidine(1 μg/kg) before tracheal intubation and the midazolam group was given mid-azolam(0 .1 mg/kg) before tracheal intubation .Results BP and HR during tracheal intubation ,at 1 ,3 min after tracheal intubation in the dexmedetomidine group were significantly decreased compared with the midazolam group (P0 .05);SpO2 at 1 min before tracheal intubation and during tracheal intubation in the middazolam group was decreased ,which showed the statistical difference compared with before drug administration (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Dexme-detomidine is more effective than midazolam in alleviating cardiovascular responses during intratracheal intubation ,moreover has no influence on the patient′s respiratory function .

Maiden outbreak of chikungunya in Dongguan city, Guangdong province, China: epidemiological characteristics.

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to identify epidemiological characteristics of the first documented CHIK fever outbreak in China and evaluate the effect of the preventive measures taken. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: From September 1 to October 29, 2010, China's first documented outbreak of CHIK fever occurred in the Xincun community of Wanjiang District of Dongguan city, Guangdong province; 253 case-patients were recorded, of which 129 were laboratory confirmed, with an attack rate of 1%. Before September 18(th) the number of CHIK fever cases remained relatively low in the Xincun community; from September 19(th) onwards, the number of cases increased drastically, with an outbreak peak on October 4(th). Cases were distributed across nine small village groups in the Xincun community, with an attack rate of 0-12% at the village level. The household attack rates ranged between 20% and 100%. No significant difference was found in the attack rate between males and females. There was a significant difference in the attack rate in different age groups (chi-square=18.35, p=0.005); highest in patients aged 60 years or older and the lowest in patients aged under 10. The major clinical characteristics of patients are fever (100%), joint pain (79%) and rash (54%). Phylogenetic analysis of the E1 gene on the five earliest confirmed cases showed that the strains of CHIKV isolated from their sera were highly homologous (up to 99%) with isogeneic strains isolated in Thailand in 2009. After control measures were taken, including killing adult mosquitoes and cleaning breeding habitats of Aedes mosquitoes, the Breteau index and Mosq-ovitrap index decreased rapidly, and the outbreak ended on October 29. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The infection source of the outbreak was imported. Cases showed obvious temporal, spatial, and population aggregation during the outbreak. Comprehensive control measures based on reducing the density of Aedes mosquitoes were effective in controlling the epidemic.

Construction and application of cyclic clinical skill training system in clinical practice in department of obstetrics and gynecology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To construct cyclic clinical skill training system and to evaluate its application effect in clinical practice in department obstetrics and gynecology.Methods Cyclic clinical skill training system was established in department obstetrics and gynecology.Totally 104 eight-year program clinical medicine students of grade 2005 and 2006 in people's hospital of Peking university were enrolled as the research object and were divided into control group ( n =54,grade 2005) and experimental group (n =50,grade 2006 ).Students of control group were taught by normal teaching method and contacted with patients in clinical practice while those in experimental group were taught by cyclic clinical skill training system. (theoretical test before practice-simulated training-real practicetheoretical test after practice).Results of theoretical test after practice were compared between the two groups,using statistical t test.Results At the end of internship,students in experimental had higher scores in theoretical test than those in control group,with statistical differences (88.70 vs.85.02,P ＜0.05).Students' skill test scores were (77.04 ± 10.35 ) and (45.61 ± 14.42) before practice while (84.59 ± 10.10) and (68.78 ± 10.83) after practice,with statistical differences ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Cyclic clinical skills training system can promote students' skills of obstetrics and gynecology,therefore worth promoting.

The apoptosis of mouse macrophage J774A. 1 induced by oxysterol depend on NF-κB activation / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

AIM: Investigated the relationship between NF-κB activation and cell apoptosis in mouse macrophages treated with 7-ketochesterol (7-KC). METHODS: Cell apoptosis was detected by MTT assay, DNA fragmentation assay and flow cytometric analysis. NF-κB activation was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Inhibitory assay was used to show the effect of the activation of NF-κB on the apoptosis induced by 7-KC. RESULTS: 7-KC inhibited macrophages proliferation, and then induced apoptosis, which is associated with NF-κB activation. Moreover, cell apoptosis with NF-κB activation was inhibited by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of NF-κB. CONCLUSION: 7-KC induced the activation of NF-κB and following cell apoptosis.

Effect of CpG motif containing oligodeoxynucleotides on dendritic cell function in patients with chronic hepatitis B / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of unmethylated CpG motif containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) on the function of dendritic cells (DCs) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).@*METHODS@#DCs were obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 15 CHB patients, 12 hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers, and 10 healthy controls. The expressions of HLA-DR, CD80, and CD86 on DCs were determined by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). The IL-12 level in supernatant of the culture medium was measured by ELISA, and the morphological changes of DCs were observed under transmission electron microscope.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the controls, DCs stimulated with CpG ODN represented enrichment in cell surface protrusions and rough endoplasmic reticulum, decreased or disappeared vacuole. The expressions of HLA-DR, CD86, and CD80 were much higher in DCs stimulated with CpG ODN than those in complete medium control (P<0.05). When culturing in complete medium, the expressions of HLA-DR, CD86, and CD80 were much lower in CHB patients and HBV carriers than healthy controls (P<0.05). The expressions of HLA-DR and CD86 stimulated with CpG ODN were much lower in CHB patients than HBV carriers and healthy controls (P<0.05). The expressions of CD80 were much lower in CHB patients and HBV carriers than healthy controls (P<0.05). The levels of IL-12 were much higher in DCs stimulated with CpG ODN than that in complete medium controls (P<0.05). The levels of IL-12 in complete medium or medium added with CpG ODN were much lower in CHB patients and HBV carriers than in healthy controls (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#CpG ODN could significantly promote the maturation of dendritic cells in peripheral blood in CHB patients.