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INTRODUCTION: Sessile plants engage in trade-offs between growth and defense capacity in response to fluctuating environmental cues. MYB is an important transcription factor that plays many important roles in controlling plant growth and defense. However, the mechanism behind how it keeps a balance between these two physiological processes is still largely unknown. OBJECTIVES: Our work focuses on the dissection of the molecular mechanism by which GhMYB33 regulates plant growth and defense. METHODS: The CRISPR/Cas9 technique was used to generate mutants for deciphering GhMYB33 functions. Yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementary imaging, and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to prove that proteins interact with each other. We used the electrophoretic mobility shift assay, yeast one-hybrid, and luciferase activity assays to analyze GhMYB33 acting as a promoter. A ß-glucuronidase fusion reporter and 5' RNA ligase mediated amplification of cDNA ends analysis showed that ghr-miR319c directedly cleaved the GhMYB33 mRNA. RESULTS: Overexpressing miR319c-resistant GhMYB33 (rGhMYB33) promoted plant growth, accompanied by a significant decline in resistance against Verticillium dahliae. Conversely, its knockout mutant, ghmyb33, demonstrated growth restriction and concomitant augmentation of V. dahliae resistance. GhMYB33 was found to couple with the DELLA protein GhGAI1 and bind to the specific cis-elements of GhSPL9 and GhDFR1 promoters, thereby modulating internode elongation and plant resistance in V. dahliae infection. The ghr-miR319c was discovered to target and suppress GhMYB33 expression. The overexpression of ghr-miR319c led to enhanced plant resistance and a simultaneous reduction in plant height. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that GhMYB33 encodes a hub protein and controls the expression of GhSPL9 and GhDFR1, implicating a pivotal role for the miR319c-MYB33 module to regulate the trade-offs between plant growth and defense.
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Objective To study the difference ofLeonurus japonicus germplasm resources and provide good materials for breeding.Methods Totally 20 wildLeonurus japonicus germplasm resources from different places of China were collected. Experiment was conducted in homogeneous garden in Quzhou City of Zhejiang Province. Phenological phase, cold endurance and habitat adaptability were observed; the plant height, fresh weight and dry weight in early flowering were measured; the contents of stachydrine hydrochloride and leonurine hydrochloride were determined in early flowering and out-of-season cultivation.Results Considering the habitat adaptability, dry plant weight in early flowering, the contents of stachydrine hydrochloride and leonurine hydrochloride separately in early flowering and out-of-season cultivation, it was believed that the germplasms from Linbao County, Sheqi County in Henan Province and Guidong County in Hunan Province were better, in which Linbao germplasm was the best: the dry plant weight was 30.6 g, the content of stachydrine hydrochloride and leonurine hydrochloride were 1.31% and 0.19% respectively in early flowering, and were 3.44% and 0.37% respectively under anti-season cultivation, and it can be well adapted in Zhejiang Province.Conclusion The germplasm ofLeonurus japonicas from Lingbao can be the best materials for breeding.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identified the resistance of Coix to Ustilago coicis and screen the high disease-resistance Coix germplasm.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Field and laboratory biochemical methods were used for the resistance identification. Ninteen germplasms collected from 7 provinces in southern of China such as Yunnan, Zhejiang, Fujian etc. were inoculated with chlamydospore of U. coicis, respectively. The incidence of a disease in field was investigated and the level of resistance was evaluated. The PAL activity dynamic changes in different level resistant germplasms were further determined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The result of field test showed 1 germplasm was immune, 1 germplasm was high resistance which incidence rate was under 20%, 6 germplasms were moderate resistance with the average incidence rates ranged within 20% - 40%, 11 of 19 germplasms that average incidence rates above 40% were identified as sensitive resistance. The value of PLA activity peak of resistant germplasm in seedling was significant higher and appeared earlier than that of the sensitive ones after inoculating.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Most collected C. lacryma-jobi germplasms are sensitive to smut in our investigation; the PAL activity may play important role in Coix germplasm for resistance to smut and the biochemical method may be as an aiding method to resistance identification of Coix germplasm.</p>
Subject(s)
China , Coix , Allergy and Immunology , Microbiology , Immunity, Innate , Plant Diseases , Allergy and Immunology , Microbiology , Ustilago , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the variety of the genetic polymorphism of eight Prunella germplasm resources by AFLP analysis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) tags were applied to screen out 32 selective amplification primer pairs, the amplified bands as original matrix were analyzed with NTSYS-PC software for the similarity between the Prunella germplasm and the construction of genetic phylogenetic tree.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>SDS extraction of genomic Prunella DNA showed a good quality, could meet the requirements of AFLP analysis. From 32 selective amplification primer pairs, 10 pairs with strong polymorphism, better band and higher resolution were used for the construction of the AFLP Prunella fingerprint, all eight Prunella germplasms were separated, they were divided into 3 categories.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prunella germplasm resources are rich in genetic diversity, certain morphological characteristics and differences are associate with genotype.</p>
Subject(s)
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis , DNA, Plant , Genetic Variation , Polymorphism, Genetic , Prunella , Classification , GeneticsABSTRACT
The open reading frame of Spinacia oleracea Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (SoBADH) was retrieved from Spinacia oleracea and inserted into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens binary vector pBin438, which was driven by CaMV35S promoter, and produced the new binary vector pBSB. A. tumefaciens LBA4404 carrying this plasmid was used in genetic transformation of plants. Forty-five primary transgenic plants were detected by PCR and verified by the Southern blotting from 65 regenerated plants, of which 27 transgenic plants had only one copy of T-DNA. The Northern blotting and Western blotting analysis indicated that the SoBADH gene had been transcribed mRNA and expression protein in the transgenic cotton lines. The testing of SoBADH activity of transgenic plant leaves showed that the enzyme activity was much higher than that of the non-transgenic cotton. The growth of transgenic plants was well under the salinity and freezing stress, whereas the non-transgenic plant grew poorly and even died. Challenging with salinity, the height and fresh weight of transgenic plants was higher compared with those of non-transgenic plants. Under the freezing stress, the relative conductivity of leaf electrolyte leakage of the transgenic cotton lines was lower than that of non-transgenic plants. These results demonstrated that the SoBADH gene could over express in the exogenous plants, and could be used in genetic engineering for cotton stress resistance.
