Analysis of Th1/Th2 cytokine and clinical characteristics of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 58 patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal tumors and 27 patients with benign vocal cord lesions to explore the role of serum cytokines in these diseases' characteristics and immunotherapy. The differences in the levels of 12 cytokines were measured. Additionally, the study examined the correlation between T helper cells (Th)1/Th2 cytokine levels and the clinical characteristics and immunotherapy efficacy of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. The results show that the balance of Th1/Th2 is biased towards Th2 in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal tumors. Among these, interleukin (IL)-6 (P = 0.021) was highly expressed in laryngeal tumors, and the expression levels of IL-1ß (P = 0.008), IL-6 (P = 0.005), and IL-8 (P = 0.05) were higher in patients with poorly differentiated laryngeal tumors. The level of IL-4 (P = 0.0048) was significantly correlated with tumor location. The expression levels of IL-2 (P = 0.010), IL-4 (P = 0.028), IL-10 (P = 0.011), IL-12p70 (P = 0.034), IL-17 (P = 0.024), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (P = 0.003), and interferon (IFN)-γ (P = 0.007) were related to lymph node metastasis. The level of IFN-γ (P = 0.016) was correlated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy, while the level of IFN-α (P = 0.013) was significantly correlated with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results showed that patients with tumors, poor differentiation, and lymph node metastasis had higher levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokine separation. In conclusion, the shift in the balance of Th1 and Th2 cytokine expression indicates higher tumor invasiveness, and IFN has potential as a circulating molecular marker for immunotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The application of transcervical non-inflatable endoscopic posterior inferior sternocleidomastoid approach in thyroid surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of transcervical non-inflatable endoscopic thyroidectomy through the posterior inferior sternocleidomastoid approach. Methods:From December 2022 to May 2023, the clinical data of 35 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma treated by transcervical non-inflatable endoscopic surgery via posterior inferior sternocleidomastoid approach were retrospectively analyzed. There were 14 males and 21 females, with an average age of 44.7 years. The operation time, bleeding volume, postoperative recovery, complications and follow-up were recorded. Results:All 35 patients successfully completed the surgery, with an average operation time of 4 hours and 7 minutes, an average bleeding volume of 14 ml, and an average postoperative hospital stay of 3.5 days. There were no serious complications and no obvious neck discomfort during postoperative follow-up. Conclusion:Transcervical non-inflatable endoscopic thyroidectomy via posterior inferior sternocleidomastoid approach is safe and effective, with fast postoperative recovery,high appearance satisfaction and good neck comfort.

Influence of gene regulation on rice quality: Impact of storage temperature and humidity on flavor profile.

Effects of high temperature-high humidity (HT-HH) storage on the flavor profile of rice were investigated. Volatile compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, and furans increased when rice was stored under HT-HH conditions, leading to a pronounced deterioration in rice quality. Correspondingly, the fatty acid content of the rice significantly increased during storage. Lipid oxidation was also accelerated under HT-HH conditions leading to the formation of peroxides. However, catalase activity was reduced under these conditions promoting the accumulation of peroxides. For the first time, insights into the genetic mechanisms responsible for these changes were obtained using RNA-sequencing to establish the flavor metabolic pathways in rice. Under HT-HH conditions, gene expression of lipase increased while that of catalase decreased, leading to faster hydrolysis and oxidation of the rice lipids. As a result, a series of lipid degradation products was formed (such as fatty acids, aldehydes, and ketones) that decreased the rice flavor quality.

Effect of vascular changes on prognosis after induced chemotherapy for advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of two groups(vascular classification declines or not in narrow band imaging (NBI) of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma after induced chemotherapy, to follow-up and compare the survival differences between the two groups, and to explore the effect of vascular changes on clinical prognosis after induced chemotherapy in patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma.@*Methods@#Clinical data of 56 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma from August 2014 to September 2016 in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to NBI vascular classification declines or not after induced chemotherapy. The survival of patients and the impact of different factors on the prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. SPSS 24.0 statistical software was used for analysis. Frequency data were compared between the two groups using χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were employed for survival analysis and Log-Rank test was used for inter-group comparison, P<0.05 was statistically significant.@*Results@#There was significant difference in overall survival rate(OS) between two groups of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma after induced chemotherapy (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that NBI vascular classification changes after induced chemotherapy was the impact factor for prognosis of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma after induced chemotherapy.@*Conclusion@#In addition to recurrence and metastasis, NBI vascular classification changes is the important impact factor for prognosis of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma after induced chemotherapy. Patients with NBI vascular classification declines have significant survival benefit. The patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma should be checked with NBI examination before and after induced chemotherapy. NBI should be included in the routine screening indicators for prognosis of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Preliminary study on the construction of CAR-EGFR modified T cells (EGFR-CART) in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE Construct and validate the EGFR-CART (Epidermal growth factor receptor-chimeric antigen receptor T) cells targeting the Fadu cell line of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and provide the preclinical basis for the application of CART cell technology in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS EGFR-CART cells and CART-control cells were constructed by lentivirus transfection. The expression of EGFR antibody in CART cells was detected by FACS fluorescence detection, and the expression of EGFR in Fadu cell line and HCT-116 cell line was verified. RESULTS EGFR-CART cells and CART-control cells were successfully constructed, the infection efficiency was about 67％, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in the distribution of cell subsets. HCT-116 is selected as the non target cells of EGFR-CART, Fadu as target cell. CONCLUSION In this study, we successfully prepared and validated the EGFR-CART cells targeting the Fadu cell line of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and laid the foundation for the application of CART technique in the treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Sub-health status among migrant workers in Dongguan City and its influencing factors study / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the influencing factors of sub-health status among the migrant workers in Dongguan City.Methods A total of 740 migrant workers in Dongguan city were extracted by the stratified random sampling method.The SubHealth Measurement Scale Version 1.0(SHMS V 1.0) was adopted to test the health status.The data were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results The univariate analysis showed that the marital status,average daily working time,monthly family per capita income,living conditions,drinking,breakfast,nutritional status,vigils,living conditions satisfaction,sedentary desk operation and experiencing negative events had statistical significance(P＜0.05).In the Logistic regression analysis:average daily working time,vigils and experiencing negative events were the risk factors of sub-health status occurrence,their odds ratio(OR) and 95 ％ confidence interval(CI)were 1.971(1.211,3.205),2.183(1.378,3.459) and 2.135(1.353,3.369),respectively.Breakfast and nutritional status were the protective factors of sub-health status occurrence,their OR and 95 ％ CI were 0.706 (0.526,0.947) and 0.386(0.239,0.625),respectively.Conclusion The unhealthy living habits and experiencing negative events affect the health of migrant workers in Dongguan City.

Clinical characteristic and prognostic analyses of 117 cases of head and neck mucosal melanoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To study the clinical characteristics of mucosal melanoma in the head and neck, including the risk factors affecting distant metastasis, recurrence and survival rate, and to provide the basis for the individualized treatment of mucosal melanoma in the head and neck.@*Methods@#The clinical data of 117 cases of mucosal melanoma in the head and neck treated from January 2004 to June 2016 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were analyzed retrospectively, and the risk factors affecting the prognosis, distant metastasis and local recurrence were analyzed.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival analysis, and Log-Rank test was used for comparison between groups.@*Results@#The follow-up time was 5-139 months, with a median of 32 months, and the median survival time was 34 months.The 3 and 5 year cumulative survival rates were 47.0% and 25.0%, respectively.Local recurrence occurred in 27 patients (23.1%), and distant metastasis in 37 cases (31.6%). After the operation, 50 patients received radiotherapy.Multiple factor Cox regression analysis showed that distant metastasis, AJCC staging, and two operations were risk factors affecting survival (P<0.05), and immunologic/targeted therapy was a protective factor affecting survival prognosis(P=0.008). Postoperative radiotherapy and distant metastasis were important factors affecting recurrence (P<0.05). AJCC staging, pigmentation, and postoperative recurrence were risk factors for distant metastasis (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The 3 and 5 year survival rates of primary mucosal melanoma in head and neck are low, and the incidence of local recurrence and distant metastasis are high. Surgery is the first choice and the integrity of the initial operation has an important impact on the prognosis of the patients. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended to improve the local control rate, and immunotherapy and targeted therapy should be applied in time to improve survival.

Survival and life quality evaluation on advanced laryngeal cancer treated with modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the survival and functional outcomes of advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma after modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy(SCPL).METHODS We selected 65 laryngeal cancer patients treated with modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy from 2002 to 2015 in our hospital.Among them,62 cases were males,3 cases were females with an age ranged from 35 to 80 years(median age 58 years)There were 26 cases with T2 stage,32 cases with T3 stage and 7 cases with T4 stage.We selected 120 laryngeal cancer patients treated with vertical partial laryngectomy at the same period as control.Then we evaluated the functional outcomes of modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy group compared with vertical partial hemilaryngectomy group.RESULTS The 5-year cumulative survival rate and decannulation rate were 82.3％ and 98.3％ for supracricoid laryngectomy group respectively.Decannulation ratewas 86.1％ for vertical partial hemilaryngectomy group(P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference between supracricoid partial laryngectomy group and vertical partial laryngectomy group in pronunciation evaluation and abnormal deglutition.CONCLUSION Modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy is a good choice for local advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Investigation on the sub-health status of migrant workers in Dongguan City / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of sub-health status of the migrant workers in Dongguan City,in order to provide scientific preferences for preventing sub-health status.Methods Using the stratified random sampling method,740 migrant workers from ten towns(disetricts) in Dongguan city from August 2015 to August 2016 were recruited in this study.The sub-health measurement scale version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0) was applied to evaluate the sub-health status of migrant workers.The SHMS V1.0 scores were compared among migrant workers with different demographic characteristics,and the multivariate linear regression analysis was utilized to explore the influencing factors.Results A total of 718 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate was 97.03％.The sub-health status was detected in 483 migrant workers,and the prevalence rate of sub-health status was 81.6％.The migrant workers' subscale scores of physical sub-health (PS),mental subhealth (MS),social sub-health (SS) and total scale (TS) were (70.25-4-12.25),(64.21± 13.83),(62.21-4-13.87) and (66.114-11.15),respectively.The PS scale scores among migrant workers with different monthly household incomes per capita,and different inhabit situations;the MS scale scores among migrant workers with different ages,educations,marital status,monthly household incomes per capita,and inhabit situations;the SS scale scores among migrant workers with different genders,educations,and inhabit situations;and TS scores mong migrant workers with different educations,monthly household incomes per capita,and inhabit situations were statistically significant different (P＜0.05).The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that educations and inhabit situations were the influencing factors for TS score (P＜0.05).Conclusion The sub-health status of migrant workers in Dongguan City is serious,and the influencing factors are educations and inhabit situations.

Investigation on the sub-health status of migrant workers in Dongguan City / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of sub-health status of the migrant workers in Dongguan City,in order to provide scientific preferences for preventing sub-health status.Methods Using the stratified random sampling method,740 migrant workers from ten towns(disetricts) in Dongguan city from August 2015 to August 2016 were recruited in this study.The sub-health measurement scale version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0) was applied to evaluate the sub-health status of migrant workers.The SHMS V1.0 scores were compared among migrant workers with different demographic characteristics,and the multivariate linear regression analysis was utilized to explore the influencing factors.Results A total of 718 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate was 97.03％.The sub-health status was detected in 483 migrant workers,and the prevalence rate of sub-health status was 81.6％.The migrant workers' subscale scores of physical sub-health (PS),mental subhealth (MS),social sub-health (SS) and total scale (TS) were (70.25-4-12.25),(64.21± 13.83),(62.21-4-13.87) and (66.114-11.15),respectively.The PS scale scores among migrant workers with different monthly household incomes per capita,and different inhabit situations;the MS scale scores among migrant workers with different ages,educations,marital status,monthly household incomes per capita,and inhabit situations;the SS scale scores among migrant workers with different genders,educations,and inhabit situations;and TS scores mong migrant workers with different educations,monthly household incomes per capita,and inhabit situations were statistically significant different (P＜0.05).The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that educations and inhabit situations were the influencing factors for TS score (P＜0.05).Conclusion The sub-health status of migrant workers in Dongguan City is serious,and the influencing factors are educations and inhabit situations.

Clinical analysis of adult rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To summarize the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma.METHODS The clinical data of 5 cases of adult laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma treated in Beijing Tongren Hospital between 2003 and 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS All the 5 cases firstly presented with hoarseness. 1 case was treated by combined therapy (surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy). 2 patients received surgical treatment combined with chemotherapy. 1 patient received surgical treatment only. Another patient received chemotherapy only. Pathological type: 4 patients were embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 patient was pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. In the follow-up of a period from 11 months to 8 years, 2 cases were alive without tumor, 3 patients were dead.CONCLUSION Adult laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma is rare. Surgical resection combined with chemotherapy is the main treatment method, and the prognosis is related to the pathological type and tumor stage.

Grading prevention strategy for airway burn during CO2 laser surgery of larynx / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explore t he significance of reducing the incidence rate of airway burn of CO2 laser laryngeal surgery by spreading the idea of grading prevention st rateg y. M ETHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of laryngeal lesions treated by the endoscopic CO2 laser surgery from Feburary 1992 to December 2016. The period was divided into two stages, the first one is from Feburary 1992 to December 2008, and the second one is from January 2009 to December 2016. We will distinguish the difference of airway burn between the two stages. RESULTS Four cases of airway burn were found in the first stage including 3 cases of glottic cancer and 1 case of vocal cord polyp with Reink's edema. But no airway burn happened in the second stage. Two cases of endotracheal intubation cuff broken by laser were found promptly, but with FiO2 decreasing from 70% to 30%, wet gauze filling subglottic region and the endotracheal tube reserved, the laser surgery proceeded till airway burn happened. The endotracheal intubation cuffs of the remaining two cases kept intact intraoperatively, the FiO2 was 70% when airway burn happened. One case had the cervical tracheal stenosis with long-term tracheotomy, The other 3 cases had no postoperative complications. CONCLUSION The grading prevention strategy is helpful for reducing airway burn during the CO2 laser surgery of larynx.

Diagnosis and therapy of lingual ectopic thyroid / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explore the strategy of diagnosis and therapy of lingual ectopic thyroid(LET). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of6 cases of LET, and figured out the clinical features, imaging characteristics, therapy and prognosis.RESULTS 6 lingual ectopic thyroids were diagnosed by the Tc-99m thyroid static imaging; 3 cases accepted surgery, one only took oral levothyroxine, and one selected watch and see. 3 cases of lingual ectopic thyroid accepted the ectopic thyroid transposition and took oral levothyroxine postoperatively. Pharynx foreign body sensation and sleep snoring disappeared one month later. The lingual ectopic thyroid carcinoma resection was performed by direct laryngoscope in one case which was lost to follow up.CONCLUSION The thyroid static imaging is specific to the diagnosis of the LET. The indications of the surgery were obvious symptoms such as airway obstruction, snoring and pharyngeal foreign body sensation, and mass hemorrhage, cystic degeneration and carcinogenesis. The principle of therapy is to retain thyroid function as far as possible and comprehensive use of surgery, thyroid hormone replacement and iodine radiotherapy to improve symptoms, prevention and treatment of hypothyroidism.

Amino-functionalized poloxamer 407 with both mucoadhesive and thermosensitive properties: preparation, characterization and application in a vaginal drug delivery system

Lack of mucoadhesive properties is the major drawback to poloxamer 407 (F127)-basedhydrogels for mucosal administration. The objective of the present study was to construct a novel mucoadhesive and thermosensitivehydrogel drug delivery system based on an amino-functionalized poloxamer for vaginal administration. First, amino-functionalized poloxamer 407 (F127-NH) was synthesized and characterized with respect to its micellization behavior and interaction with mucin. Then using acetate gossypol (AG) as model drug, AG-loaded F127-NH-basedhydrogels (NFGs) were evaluated with respect to rheology, drug release,vaginal mucosal adhesion,intravaginal retention and local irritation after vaginal administration to healthy female mice. The results show that F127-NHis capable of forming a thermosensitivehydrogel with sustained drug release properties. An interaction between positively charged F127-NHand negatively charged mucin was revealed by changes in the particle size and zeta potential of mucin particles as well as an increase in the complex modulus of NFG caused by mucin.andfluorescence imaging and quantitative analysis of the amount of AG remaining in mouse vaginal lavage all demonstrated greater intravaginal retention of NFG than that of an unmodified F127-basedhydrogel. In conclusion, amino group functionalization confers valuable mucoadhesive properties on poloxamer 407.

Clinical Research of Serum Trefoil Factor 3 Expression in Gastric Cancer / 胃肠病学

Background:Gastric cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third cause of cancer death in China. Selection of candidates in high risk of gastric cancer by a simple and non-invasive marker with high sensitivity and then undergoing endoscopy is an optimal approach for large scale gastric cancer screening. Aims:To evaluate the clinical value of using trefoil factor 3(TFF3)as a serum biomarker for gastric cancer screening. Methods:Serum samples of 49 gastric cancer patients and 29 healthy subjects were collected for measurements of serum TFFs by ELISA from Jul. 2013 to Jan. 2014 at Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital. ROC curve and the area under curve(AUC)were used to verify the diagnostic performance of serum TFF1,TFF2 and TFF3 for gastric cancer. Correlations between TFFs and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer were further analyzed. Results:Serum concentration of TFF3 in gastric cancer group was significantly higher than that in healthy controls[(43. 57 ± 19. 49)ng/ mL vs.(29. 97 ± 14. 20)ng/ mL, P 0. 05). AUC of serum TFF1,TFF2 and TFF3 for diagnosis of gastric cancer were 0. 56,0. 56 and 0. 83, respectively,which indicated that the performance of TFF3 was the best. Taken 33. 0 ng/ mL as the cut off value of TFF3, the sensitivity and specificity were 63. 3% and 82. 8% ,respectively,and the odds ratio for predicting gastric cancer was 8. 27. Significant correlations were existed between serum concentration of TFF3 and TNM stage,differentiation and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer(P < 0. 05). Conclusions:Serum TFF3 is a promising non-invasive biomarker for gastric cancer screening.

Current status of bio-based materials industry in China / 生物工程学报

In recent years, bio-based materials are becoming a new dominant industry leading the scientific and technological innovation, and economic development of the world. We reviewed the new development of bio-based materials industry in China, analyzed the entire market of bio-based materials products comprehensively, and also stated the industry status of bio-based chemicals, such as lactic acid, 1,3-propanediol, and succinic acid; biodegradable bio-based polymers, such as co-polyester of diacid and diol, polylactic acid, carbon dioxide based copolymer, polyhydroxyalknoates, polycaprolactone, and thermoplastic bio-based plastics; non-biodegradable bio-based polymers, such as bio-based polyamide, polytrimethylene terephthalate, bio-based polyurethane, and bio-based fibers.

Recent advances in nucleating agents used for poly (lactic acid) / 生物工程学报

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a polymer synthesized from lactic acid with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. At present, PLA manufactured on industrial scale is mainly synthesized from L-lactic acid. The obtained products have good transparency but poor heat resistance. Adding nucleating agents could increase the crystallinity of PLA, to improve heat resistance. We reviewed the progress of research on organic and inorganic nucleating agents that can be used for PLA synthesis.

Clinical efficacy analysis of adult sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical prognostic impact factors of adult sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma (SNRMS).@*METHOD@#The clinical features, treatment methods, and disease outcome were reviewed retrospectively for twenty-three adult SNRMS between 2006 January and 2014 December. The survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier estimate and the comparison between groups by Log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was carried out by Cox proportional hazard model.@*RESULT@#Patients' ages ranged from 18 to 59 years (median, 23.2 years). With a median follow-up of 20 moths (3-47 moths), 14 cases dead and 9 cases alive, the 1-year and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 77.1% and 35.0%, respectively. Within the 1-year and 2-year OS rates,early stage group had a higher overall survival rates than advanced diease group (100.0%, 66.7% and 83.3%, 10.5%, P < 0.05); combined therapy group had a higher overall survival rates than single treatment group (86.7%, 50.0% and 50.8%, 0, P < 0.05). In the non-metastasis group (21 cases), 1-year and 2-year distant metastasis rates were 38.1% and 70.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that radiotherapy, chemotherapy and tumor diameter less than 5 cm were good prognostic factors (P < 0.05), while the lymph node metastasis, meningeal involvement and orbital involvement were poor prognostic factors (P < 0 05). In the 14 cases of dead patients, 92 8% (13/14) died of distant metastasis.@*CONCLUSION@#Adult RMS had a high advanced rate with poor prognosis. Distant metastasis is the leading cause of death. Controlling distant metastasis is a key to improve the survival rate.

Detection of GATA5 gene methylation in plasma and stool of colorectal cancer and the clinical ;diagnosis / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy which is the third incidence and the fourth mortality in the worldwide. The main reason for the development of CRC is that the changes of genetic and epigenetic causes the tumor suppressor gene methylation silencing. This study aimed to investigate the plasma and stool GATA5 gene promoter methylation was detected in clinical diagnosis of CRC. Methods: To collect the paired plasma and stool specimens of 34 cases of healthy and 43 cases of patients with CRC. Methylation speciifc PCR (MSP) was respectively detected the GATA5 gene methylation levels of GATA5 gene in plasma and stool. And then separately analyzed their correlations with clinical and pathological parameters in gastric carcinoma. Results: The result of MSP showed that GATA5 gene promoter methylation rates in plasma and stool of CRC patients were 60.74%, 76.60%, respectively, were higher than those of healthy persons (6.47%, 32.35%). And the differences were statistically signiifcant (P=0.006 7, P=0.000 2, respectively). GATA5 gene methylation rates in plasma of CRC patients were closely related to clinical stage (P=0.000 5) and lymph node metastasis(P=0.020), while GATA5 gene methylation rates in stool of CRC patients had no signiifcant with clinical and pathological parameters. Conclusion:Detection of faecal GATA5 gene methylation level and supplemented plasma GATA5 gene methylation level can become a simple, non-invasive, sensitive and speciifc method for clinical diagnosis of CRC.

Middle and long term efficacy of radiofrequency ablation combined with immunotherapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中国基层医药

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation combined with immunotherapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma .Methods A total of 124 patients with liver cancer were randomly divided into the two groups .60 cases in the control group were given immunity treatment alone ,while 64 cases in the observation group were treated by percutaneous radiofrequency ablation combined with immune therapy . The middle and long term curative effect of two groups was observed .Results After treatment,the tumor diameter, serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the two groups were significantly decreased(t=4.867,P=0.005;t=5.175,P=0.004;t=3.155,P=0.025;t=4.845,P=0.005;t=4.031,P=0.010;t=2.668,P=0.044),but the declining degree of the observation group was better than the control group (t=4.119,P=0.009;t=3.621,P=0.015;t=3.492,P=0.017).The total effective rates and disease control rates of the observation group were 53.1%,78.1%,which were significantly higher than 28.3%,46.7%in the control group (χ2 =11.290,P=0.010;χ2 =21.290,P=0.000).The 1-year,3-year,5-year survival rates of the observation group were 60.9%,31.3%,12.5%,those of the control group were 21.7%,5.0%,0.0%,the middle and long term sur-vival rates of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group (χ2 =21.935,P=0.000;χ2 =56.452,P=0.000;χ2 =40.516,P=0.000).No statistically significant differences in the CD 4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+, IL-12 and other indicators between the two groups before treatment ,but these indicators in the observation group were significantly improved after treatment (t =4.515,P =0.006;t =10.014,P =0.000;t =5.217,P =0.003). Conclusion Combination of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and immunotherapy in the treatment of hepatocell-lular carcinoma has exact effect and with advantages of less adverse reaction , good safety , which can significantly improve the quality of life and survival rate of patients ,it has good clinical application value .