ABSTRACT
Objective To systematically evaluate the diversity of oral flora in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, focusing on the oral flora diversity profiles of patients with pancreatic cancer. The studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases, and the search period was from the establishment of the database to July 15, 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers screened intensive review literature, extracted data and information, and carried out Meta-analysis using qualitative systematic review and Review Manager 5.4. Results Seven cross-sectional studies were reviewed, including 187 patients with pancreatic cancer and 440 healthy controls. The results of meta-analysis showed that the oral microbiota diversity Simpson index of patients with pancreatic cancer was reduced compared with that of healthy controls. Qualitative analysis showed that the relative abundance of Firmicute, Prevotella, Roseburia, and Streptococcus in patients with pancreatic cancer was higher than that in healthy people. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Neisseria, Haemophilus, porphyromonas, and Haemophilus parainfluenza in patients with pancreatic cancer was lower than that in healthy people. Conclusion Patients with pancreatic cancer have distinct oral flora, which has high relative abundance of Firmicutes, Prevotella etc. and low relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Neisseria, etc.
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Excessive fluoride intake poses health risks to humans and animals. Many studies have indicated that fluoride exposure can damage the cytoskeleton and synapses, which has negative effects on the intellectual development of humans and animals. Our previous study suggested that the RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway is activated by NaF exposure in HT-22 cells and plays a vital role in cytoskeletal assembly and synaptogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying RhoA/ROCK-mediated cytoskeletal injury induced by fluoride remains unclear. In this study, Neuro-2A cells and ICR mice were used to investigate the effects of RhoA/ROCK activation inhibition on NaF-induced synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. We detected the expression of GAP, RhoA, ROCK1/2, and (p)-MLC in vivo and in vitro model. The results showed that NaF exposure activated the RhoA/ROCK/MLC signalling pathway. We measured the effects of RhoA/ROCK inhibition on synaptic injury and intellectual impairment induced by NaF exposure. In vitro, Y-27632 suppressed activated RhoA/ROCK, attenuated morphological and ultrastructural damage, and decreased the survival rate and synapse-functional protein expression caused by NaF. In vivo, the results showed that the RhoA/ROCK/MLC pathway was inhibited by fasudil and improved pathological damage in the hippocampus, cognitive impairment, and decreased expression of neurofunctional proteins induced by NaF. Overall, these results suggest that fasudil and Y-27632 can reverse neurotoxicity caused by fluoride exposure. Furthermore, inhibition of RhoA/ROCK may be a future treatment for CNS injury, and more detailed studies on other neurodegenerative disease models are required to confirm its effectiveness.
Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction , Neurodegenerative Diseases , Animals , Humans , Mice , Cognition , Cognitive Dysfunction/chemically induced , Fluorides/toxicity , Mice, Inbred ICR , Neurodegenerative Diseases/chemically induced , rho-Associated Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors , rho-Associated Kinases/metabolismABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the urinary iodine and thyroid volume of children aged 8 to 10 years in Linhai City Zhejiang Province, and evaluate the iodine nutrition level of children so as to provide a basis for formulating intervention measures to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.Methods:In 2019, a systematic sampling method was adopted to select 1 township (street) central primary school in each of the 5 areas in the east, west, south, north, and middle of Linhai City. At least 40 children aged 8 to 10 years were selected from each of the central primary schools in each township (street) to collect family edible salt samples and one-time urine samples during the day for salt iodine and urinary iodine testing, respectively, as well as thyroid B-ultrasound examination.Results:A total of 215 salt samples were collected. The median salt iodine was 21.0 mg/kg, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 57.2% (123/215), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 91.9% (113/123), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 52.6% (113/215). A total of 215 urine samples were collected. The median urinary iodine was 166.0 μg/L, and the proportion of urinary iodine < 50 μg/L accounted for 5.1% (11/215). A total of 215 children were examined, and the goiter rate was 4.7% (10/215).Conclusion:The overall iodine nutrition level of children aged 8 to 10 years in Linhai City is at an appropriate level (100-199 μg/L), and the goiter rate is within the standard limit for the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders (5%), but the coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt are seriously low.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To assess the safety, feasibility and short-term outcome of totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy(TLDG).@*Methods@#Seventy-five patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Science between August 2015 and April 2018 were enrolled in this study. A total of 46 laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) cases and 29 TLDG cases were included. The Short-term outcomes and safeties of the two groups were compared.@*Results@#The operation time of TLDG group was significantly longer than that of LADG group (207±41 vs. 156±34 min, P<0.001), while the length of wound was shorter in the TLDG group (3.6±0.6 vs. 5.8±0.8 cm, P<0.001). The time to first flatus in TLDG group was (3.3±0.6) days, significantly shorter than (3.7±0.8) days in LADG group (P=0.034). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the estimated blood loss, intraoperative blood transfusion, extraction of gastric tube, drainage tube removal, interval of the first time to eat semi-liquid food, postoperative hospital stays, surgical complications, number of retrieved lymph nodes, proximal and distal resection margin lengths (all P>0.05). The white blood cell count at postoperative day 1 in the TLDG group was (10.96±1.96) ×109/L, significantly lower than (12.49±3.46)×109/L of the LADG group (P=0.017). While the CRP level at postoperative day 1 in the TLDG group were lower than that of LADG group, no statistical difference was observed (P=0.072).@*Conclusions@#Our study shows that TLDG is safe and feasible. TLDG has better cosmesis, less blood loss, and faster recovery compared to LADG.
