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Oxidative stress, due to the disruption of the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the antioxidant defense system, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Excessive ROS leads to the loss of biological molecules and cellular functions, release of many inflammatory mediators, stimulate the polarization of macrophages, and aggravate the inflammatory response, thus promoting osteoclasts and bone damage. Therefore, foreign antioxidants would effectively treat RA. Herein, ultrasmall iron-quercetin natural coordination nanoparticles (Fe-Qur NCNs) with excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were constructed to effectively treat RA. Fe-Qur NCNs obtained by simple mixing retain the inherent ability to remove ROS of quercetin and have a better water-solubility and biocompatibility. In vitro experiments showed that Fe-Qur NCNs could effectively remove excess ROS, avoid cell apoptosis, and inhibit the polarization of inflammatory macrophages by reducing the activation of the nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) pathways. In vivo experiments showed that the swollen joints of mice with rheumatoid arthritis treated with Fe-Qur NCNs significantly improved, with Fe-Qur NCNs largely reducing inflammatory cell infiltration, increasing anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotypes, and thus inhibiting osteoclasts, which led to bone erosion. This study demonstrated that the new metal-natural coordination nanoparticles could be an effective therapeutic agent for the prevention of RA and other diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Objective To study the influence of Compound Salvia injection combined with cefoperazone sulbactam sodium on renal function and renal interstitial fibrosis in elderly patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CPN).Methods From April 2013 to July 2014, 126 cases of CPN were divided into observation group ( n =63 ) and control group ( n =63 ) according to the order of admission to hospital.All patients were given cefoperazone sulbactam sodium, and patients in observation group were added Compound Salvia injection.The clinical efficacy of treatment were evaluated between two groups, renal function and TGF-β1 were observed and compared before and after treatment in two groups.Results After treatment, HE staining of nephridial tissue showed renal interstitial fibrosis in observation group obvious improved more.The overall response rate of observation patients (90.48%) was significantly higher (74.60%) than control group, and the relapse rate of observation group (1.59%) was significantly lower than control group (14.29%), and there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05).After treatment, urinary albumin (11.4 ±3.1) mg/L, BUN (5.7 ±0.5) mmol/L, and Scr (103.2 ±10.4)μmol/L of observation group were significantly lower than control group, respectively (P<0.05).After treatment, TGF-β1 level (103.4 ±32.5) ng/L of observation group was significantly lower than control group (202.4 ±35.2) ng/L(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between two groups.Conclusions Compound Salvia injection combined with cefoperazone sulbactam sodium has good efficacy.can significantly improve renal function, delay renal interstitial fibrosis in treatment of elderly patients with chronic pyelonephritis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a method for determination of disulfiram in the workplace atmosphere by liquid chromatography.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sampling with glass fiber filter, eluting with methanol, separating with C18 column, and determination with liquid chromatography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The bearing capacity of glass fiber filter exceeded 3.45 mg per piece. The elution efficiency was 97.8%∼101.0% The relative standard deviation varied from 1.09% to 1.44%. The limit of detection was 0.1 µg/ml. The minimum detectable concentration was 0.011 mg/m³ (with sampled air volume of 45 L).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method has high selectivity, accuracy, and precision and strong applicability.</p>
Subject(s)
Air , Air Pollutants, Occupational , Chromatography, Liquid , Methods , Disulfiram , WorkplaceABSTRACT
To better understand the molecular mechanism of metastasis, the monoclonal antibody against tumor metastasis suppressor gene-1 (TMSG-1, one novel gene) was prepared, characterized, and applied in estimating the metastatic potential of human tumors. A dominant epitope, TMSG-1(15)--derived from TMSG-1--was automatically synthesized based on the Fmoc method, and the hapten was conjugated to Imject Maleimide activated mcKLH as a carrier protein. The antigen solution was used to immunize BALB/C mice. Hybridomas were generated and screened by ELISA for specific monoclonal antibodies, and their characterization was performed by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. The hybridoma cell line secreting anti-TMSG-1 antibody, designated C8, was established after primary ELISA screening and consequent rapid limited dilution. C8 was IgM in isotyping. The competitive inhibition assay showed that the antibody was TMSG-1 specific. Furthermore, in Western blotting, a protein band of about 45 kD was detected with nonmetastatic variant PC-3M-2B4 and PG-LH7 cells, but not with the isogenetic metastatic variant PC-3M-1E8 and PG-BE1 cells. Immunohistochemistry method showed that positive staining presented in the cytomembrane and cytoplasm of 2B4 and LH7 cells, while 1E8 and BE1 cells were non-reactive. The sections from paraffin-embedded blocks of human cancer (52 cases of breast carcinoma and 41 cases of colon cancer) were stained, showing strongly positive in non-metastatic tumor and weakly positive or negative in metastatic tumor; the strongly positive rate of TMSG-1 expression in human cancers were, respectively, 36%, 7.4%, 52.4%, and 35% in non-metastatic and metastatic breast cancer and non-metastatic and metastatic colon cancer (p = 0.02). The monoclonal antibody developed against synthetic peptide was TMSG-1 specific, and it has promise in Western blot and immunohistochemistry for detecting the TMSG-1 expression of cancer cells and tissues. It may provide an important tool in the study of TMSG-1 expression and function in both experimental and clinical studies. Furthermore, our tests confirmed that TMSG-1 protein has excellent inverse correlation to tumor metastasis potential, with the molecular weight of 45 kD (supporting the encoded protein containing 380 amino acids) and localization in cytomembrane and cytoplasm of tumor cell.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/immunology , Animals , Blotting, Western , Humans , Hybridomas/immunology , Immunohistochemistry , Membrane Proteins/immunology , Mice , Sphingosine N-Acyltransferase , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of three staining methods of HBV. Methods: Normal Liver tissue and HBV-infected, HCV-infected ,or dually infected (HBV and HCV) liver tissues were selected for this study. Formalin- fixed, paraffin-embedded sections(4 ?m) were prepared. Each of the liver tissue specimens was detected by three staining methods, including immunohistochemical methods ,Shikata’s orcein stain and Victoria blue stain,respectively. Results: In the three methods , all of six HBV -infected cases showed intense staining, and three cases with dual infection (HBV and HCV) were weakly positive. However, both normal and HCV-infected liver tissues showed no staining. HBsAg stained dark brown with Immunohistochemical stain; HBsAg containing ground-glass hepatocytes stained magenta with Shikata’s orcein stain; HBsAg stained blue with Victoria blue. Conclusion: Each of three methods has its own advantages and disadvantages: high specificity and sensitivity, but high cost for immunohistochemical methods;complicated and overelabrate procedure for preparation of solutions, lower specificity and sensitivity,but low cost, for special staining methods.
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Objective To observe the phenotypic changes between renal tubular epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells in rat tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF) .Methods The renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis models of Wistar rats were established by gavage with excessive adenine. The morphological changes of model kidney were observed by light microscopy, electron microscopy, polarizing microscopy. The?-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA), vimentin, and keratin were examined by immunohistochemistry staining. While the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was also assessed. Results There were many 2, 8-dioxyadenine crystals derived from the metabolite of adenine to deposit in the renal tubules, which induced the injury. Tubular epithelial cells degeneration and regeneration, loss of renal tubules, mononuclear cells infiltration in renal interstitium and the accumulation of extracellular matrix protein were observed. Both ?-SMA and vimentin were positive in some of renal tubules. And consecutive sections of immunohistochemical staining showed that the area of distribution of a-SMA positive cells was almost the same area as that of vimentin positive cells. Polarizing microscopy results showed that there was a mass of interstitial collagen ( Ⅲ and Ⅰ) accumulation. And electron microscopy examination proved that epithelial cells invaded into the renal interstitium. Conclusion There is tubular epithelial cells-myofibroblasts transdifferentiation in the process of TIF, and which plays a key role in the accumulation of extracellular matrix.
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Objective: To investigate correlation between the expression of Fas antigen in hemangioma and vascular malformation.Methods: Anvidin-biotin complex immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of Fas antigen in 31 cases hemangioma and 10 cases of vascular malformaton. Results: The expresson of Fas antigen was positive in hemangioma and negative in vascular malformation. Conclusion: The expression of Fas antigen might be related to the natural involution of hemangioma.
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Objective To study the technology of supercritical fluid CO_2 extraction(SFE CO_2) on urosolic acid from Cornus officinalis.Methods The effects of pressure,temperature,time,CO_2 flow rate types,and volume of entrainer on the urosolic acid extracts were studied. The optium conditions for SFE CO_2 was determined.The technology of SFE CO_2 was compared with that of traditional solvent extraction.Results The optium extraction conditions were as follows: pressure 35.0 MPa,temperature 318 K,absolute ethyl alcohol entrainer,content 4%,time 3 h and flow rate of CO_2 8 kg/h.Conclusion SFE CO_2 excels the traditional solvent extraction in yield,safety and efficiency.
