ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effect of the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam (LEV) on sleep in eleven patients with partial epilepsy. At baseline and one week after therapy with LEV (1000 mg/day), patients underwent polysomnography (PSG) and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). Patients also rated their own degree of sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness with the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). A group of 10 age- and gender-matched control participants were also included in the study. Patients had decreased total sleep time and increased daytime sleepiness compared to baseline, as evaluated by AIS subscales. Furthermore, LEV therapy significantly decreased the rapid eye movement sleep time and percentage as measured by PSG. Patients reported a significant increase in ESS score but did not exhibit changes in MSLT performance after LEV treatment. The study demonstrated that short-course LEV treatment can affect subjective sleep time and objective sleep architecture. Furthermore, LEV treatment affected subjective daytime sleepiness but did not influence objective mean daytime sleep latencies in patients with partial epilepsy.
Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/drug therapy , Epilepsies, Partial/drug therapy , Piracetam/analogs & derivatives , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/etiology , Electroencephalography , Epilepsies, Partial/complications , Female , Humans , Levetiracetam , Male , Middle Aged , Piracetam/therapeutic use , Polysomnography , Severity of Illness Index , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/etiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate polysomnographic determinants of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and potential relationship in Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS). METHODS: A total of 410 patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome were analyzed retrospectively who were obtained in Sleep medicine center of West China hospital from January to April in 2010. All of the patients with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) greater than 5 h(-1) were evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and sleep disorders questionnaire. The patients who ESS score was more than 10 were defined as EDS; otherwise, the other was considered to without EDS. RESULTS: A total of 176 patients with EDS (ESS: 15 ± 3) and 234 without EDS (ESS: 6 ± 3) were studied. Patients with EDS were slightly higher BMI (28 ± 4 vs 26 ± 4) and shorter REM sleep latency (99 ± 65 vs 125 ± 81) than patients without EDS. Furthermore, there were significant difference in awake SaO2, AHI, minimum SaO2, oxygen desaturation index and arousal index between EDS group were No-EDS group (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in waking SaO2 of severe OSAS between both groups. CONCLUSION: Long-term chronic hypoxia already exists in severe OSAS patients with prominent sleepiness. Waking SaO2 may play a role as a predictor in evaluation and diagnosis in patients with OSAS.
