Self-Teaching Video Object Segmentation.

Video object segmentation (VOS) is one of the most fundamental tasks for numerous sequent video applications. The crucial issue of online VOS is the drifting of segmenter when incrementally updated on continuous video frames under unconfident supervision constraints. In this work, we propose a self-teaching VOS (ST-VOS) method to make segmenter to learn online adaptation confidently as much as possible. In the segmenter learning at each time slice, the segment hypothesis and segmenter update are enclosed into a self-looping optimization circle such that they can be mutually improved for each other. To reduce error accumulation of the self-looping process, we specifically introduce a metalearning strategy to learn how to do this optimization within only a few iteration steps. To this end, the learning rates of segmenter are adaptively derived through metaoptimization in the channel space of convolutional kernels. Furthermore, to better launch the self-looping process, we calculate an initial mask map through part detectors and motion flow to well-establish a foundation for subsequent refinement, which could result in the robustness of the segmenter update. Extensive experiments demonstrate that this ST idea can boost the performance of baselines, and in the meantime, our ST-VOS achieves encouraging performance on the DAVIS16, Youtube-objects, DAVIS17, and SegTrackV2 data sets, where, in particular, the accuracy of 75.7% in J-mean metric is obtained on the multi-instance DAVIS17 data set.

Localizing Anomalies From Weakly-Labeled Videos.

Video anomaly detection under video-level labels is currently a challenging task. Previous works have made progresses on discriminating whether a video sequence contains anomalies. However, most of them fail to accurately localize the anomalous events within videos in the temporal domain. In this paper, we propose a Weakly Supervised Anomaly Localization (WSAL) method focusing on temporally localizing anomalous segments within anomalous videos. Inspired by the appearance difference in anomalous videos, the evolution of adjacent temporal segments is evaluated for the localization of anomalous segments. To this end, a high-order context encoding model is proposed to not only extract semantic representations but also measure the dynamic variations so that the temporal context could be effectively utilized. In addition, in order to fully utilize the spatial context information, the immediate semantics are directly derived from the segment representations. The dynamic variations as well as the immediate semantics, are efficiently aggregated to obtain the final anomaly scores. An enhancement strategy is further proposed to deal with noise interference and the absence of localization guidance in anomaly detection. Moreover, to facilitate the diversity requirement for anomaly detection benchmarks, we also collect a new traffic anomaly (TAD) dataset which specifies in the traffic conditions, differing greatly from the current popular anomaly detection evaluation benchmarks. Thedataset and the benchmark test codes, as well as experimental results, are made public on http://vgg-ai.cn/pages/Resource/ and https://github.com/ktr-hubrt/WSAL. Extensive experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of different components, and our proposed method achieves new state-of-the-art performance on the UCF-Crime and TAD datasets.

Correlation between the Serum Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Angiopoietin-1, and Severity of Coronary Heart Disease.

BACKGROUND: The expression of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in patients with coronary artery disease of different studies was inconsistent. This study was to investigate the expression of the PDGF and Ang-1 in peripheral blood and coronary artery in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the relationship between the expression of the PDGF and Ang-1 and the severity of coronary artery disease. METHODS: A total of 81 patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled from September 2012 to December 2013. Patients with ACS included 61 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI group) and 20 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP group). The 29 patients who were hospitalized for chest pain undergoing coronary angiography without stenosis and with TIMI level 3 blood flow were selected as the control group. During coronary arteriography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), blood in the peripheral artery and in the local coronary artery was collected from all the patients. Serum PDGF and Ang-1 levels were measured by ELISA. We calculated the Gensini score of each patient with CHD according to the result of CAG. Patients with ACS were followed up, and the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: In peripheral blood, the concentration of the PDGF was significantly elevated in the ACS group than that of the control group. The level of the PDGF in the AMI group was significantly higher than that in the UAP group. In coronary artery blood, the level of the PDGF in the ACS group was significantly higher than that of the UAP group. There was no significant difference in the concentration of Ang-1 in peripheral blood between patients with coronary heart disease and the control group. The concentration of Ang-1 in the coronary artery was significantly lower than that in peripheral blood. The coronary Ang-1 concentrations in the ACS group were significantly higher than those in the UAP group. The concentrations of the PDGF and Ang-1 in peripheral and coronary artery blood were positively correlated with the severity of coronary lesions. Patients with MACCE had higher PDGF and Ang-1 levels in the coronary sinus. CONCLUSION: The serum PDGF concentration in patients with acute coronary syndrome was significantly increased, especially in the local coronary artery. The serum Ang-1 in the coronary artery was significantly increased in patients with acute myocardial infarction and was related to the degree of coronary artery stenosis. Coronary sinus PDGF and Ang-1 levels can reflect the severity of lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

The Relationship between Plasma Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Coronary Artery Disease.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation is involved in the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). The role of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the development of CAD has been recognized. The expression of sRAGE and S100A12 in patients with coronary artery disease from different studies was inconsistent. We attempted to determine the expression of sRAGE and S100A12 and their relationship in the subjects with different severity levels of CAD. METHODS: A total of 259 patients undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled from the Department of Geriatric Cardiology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to December 2016. Groups were divided as follows: normal coronary artery (control group), nonobstructive coronary atherosclerosis (<50% stenosis in all coronary vessels, NOCA group), stable angina (SAP group), and acute coronary syndrome (ACS group). During CAG or PCI, peripheral arterial blood was collected from all the patients. Plasma sRAGE and S100A12 levels were measured by ELISA. We calculated the SYNTAX score of each patient with CAD according to the result of CAG. RESULTS: The levels of sRAGE were significantly elevated in the ACS group compared with those in the control group, the NOCA group, and the SAP group. sRAGE levels were similar among the control group, the NOCA group, and the SAP group. Plasma S100A12 levels were significantly higher in the ACS group than in the control group and the NOCA group. Baseline correlations between plasma levels of sRAGE and plasma S100A12 in the ACS group were significant. Plasma sRAGE concentration was increasing in patients with ACS and was significantly positively correlated with the increasing SYNTAX score. ROC curve analysis revealed that the combination of sRAGE and S100A12 had a good performance in the prediction of high-risk CAD patients. CONCLUSION: The plasma levels of sRAGE and S100A12 can be increased in patients with ACS. The elevated sRAGE concentration may be independently associated with the severity of CAD and the inflammatory process. sRAGE combined with S100A12 may be used as a predictor of severe coronary heart disease.

Counting-loss correction for X-ray spectra using the pulse-repairing method.

Facing the technical problem of pulse distortion caused by frequent resetting in the latest high-performance silicon drift detectors, which work under high-counting-rate conditions, a method has been used to remove false peaks in order to obtain a precise X-ray spectrum, the essence of which eliminates distorted pulses. Aiming at solving the problem of counting-loss generated by eliminating distorted pulses, this paper proposes an improved method of pulse repairing. A 238Pu source with activity of 10 mCi was used as the measurement object, and the energy spectrum obtained by the pulse repairing method was compared with that obtained by the pulse elimination method. The ten-measurement results show that the pulse repairing method can correct the counting-loss caused by the pulse elimination method and increase peak area, which is of great significance for obtaining a precise X-ray energy spectrum.

Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Perioperative Cardiac Events in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta-Analysis of 16 Randomized Trials.

BACKGROUND: The main objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate whether remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) reduces cardiac and renal events in patients undergoing elective cardiovascular interventions. METHODS AND RESULTS: We systematically searched articles published from 2006 to 2016 in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as the effect index for dichotomous variables. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were calculated as the pooled continuous effect. Sixteen RCTs of 2435 patients undergoing elective PCI were selected. Compared with control group, RIPC could significantly reduce the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.48-0.86; P = 0.003) and acute kidney injury (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.322-0.99; P = 0.049). Metaregression analysis showed that the reduction of PMI by RIPC was enhanced for CAD patients with multivessel disease (coef.: -0.05 [-0.09; -0.01], P = 0.022). There were no differences in the changes of cTnI (P = 0.934) and CRP (P = 0.075) in two groups. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrated that RIPC can provide cardiac and renal protection for patients undergoing elective PCI, while no beneficial effect on reducing the levels of cTnI and CRP after PCI was reported.

LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and hypertriglyceridemia: a meta-analysis involving 1,640 subjects.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene Pvu II polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia (HT), there is no clear consensus within the scientific community. METHODS: A meta-analysis of 1,640 subjects from six individual studies was conducted to better elucidate the potential relationship between the LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and HT within the Chinese population. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated by using fixed effect models. RESULTS: Our analysis indicated a significant association between LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and HT within the Chinese population under allelic (OR, 1.550; 95% CI, 1.320 to 1.830; p = 1.158 × 10-7), recessive (OR, 0.540; 95% CI, 0.390 to 0.750; p = 0.0002), dominant (OR, 1.889; 95% CI, 1.501 to 2.377; p = 5.960 × 10-8), homozygous (OR, 2.167; 95% CI, 1.531 to 3.067; p = 1.242 × 10-5), heterozygous (OR, 1.810; 95% CI, 1.419 to 2.309; p = 1.842 × 10-6), and additive genetic models (OR, 1.553; 95% CI, 1.320 to 1.828; p = 1.158 × 10-7). CONCLUSIONS: Because LPL gene Pvu II restriction fragment length polymorphism polymorphism was associated with an elevated risk of HT, the P+ allele carriers of the LPL gene might be predisposed to HT.

Serum Cytokine Profile in Relation to the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease.

Objectives. To investigate the potential association of a set of serum cytokines with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. A total of 201 patients who underwent coronary angiography for chest discomfort were enrolled. The concentrations of serum IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-9, and IL-17 were determined by xMAP multiplex technology. The CAD severity was assessed by Gensini score (GS). Results. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, and IL-17 were significantly higher in high GS group (GS ≥ 38.5) than those in low GS group (GS < 38.5). Positive correlations were also found between these cytokines and the severity of CAD. After adjustment for other associated factors, three serum cytokines (IL-6, IL-9, and IL-17) and two clinical risk factors (creatinine and LDL-C) were identified as the independent predictors of increased severity of CAD. ROC curve analysis revealed that the logistic regression risk prediction model had a good performance on predicting CAD severity. Conclusions. Combinatorial analysis of serum cytokines (IL-6, IL-9, and IL-17) with clinical risk factors (creatinine and LDL-C) may contribute to the evaluation of the severity of CAD and may help guide the risk stratification of angina patients, especially in primary health facilities and in the catheter lab resource-limited settings.

PRISMA-combined Myeloperoxidase -463G/A gene polymorphism and coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis of 4744 subjects.

BACKGROUND: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) -463G/A gene polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD). Studies on the subject, however, do not provide a clear consensus. This meta-analysis was performed to explore the relationship between MPO gene -463G/A polymorphism and CAD risk. METHODS: This meta-analysis combines data from 4744 subjects from 9 independent studies. By using fixed or random effect models, the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed. RESULTS: Our analysis found a significant association between MPO gene -463G/A polymorphism and CAD in the whole population under all genetic models: allelic (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54-0.85, P = 0.0009), recessive (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22-0.76, P = 0.005), dominant (OR: 0.682, 95% CI: 0.534-0.871, P = 0.002), homozygous (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.16-0.79, P = 0.01), heterozygous genetic model (OR: 0.832, 95% CI: 0.733-0.945, P = 0.004), and additive (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46-0.90, P = 0.01), especially in the Chinese subgroup (P < 0.05). On the contrary, we found no such relationship in the non-Chinese subgroup (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The MPO gene -463G/A polymorphism is associated with CAD risk, especially within the Chinese population. The A allele of MPO gene -463G/A polymorphism might protect the people from suffering the CAD risk.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 Gene-1562C>T Gene Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease in the Chinese Han Population: A Meta-Analysis of 5468 Subjects.

BACKGROUND: Multiple studies indicate that the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)-1562C>T gene polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Chinese Han population. However, a clear consensus has yet to be established. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: A meta-analysis of 5468 subjects from 10 separate studies was performed to explore the possible relationship between the MMP-9-1562C>T gene polymorphism and CAD within the Chinese Han population. Pooled odds ratio (ORs) for the association and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated by a random or fixed-effect model. RESULTS: Our analysis confirms the association between the MMP-9-1562C>T gene polymorphism and an increased risk of CAD within the Chinese Han population under allelic (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.25-2.04, P = 0.0002), recessive (OR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.67-5.56, P = 0.0003), dominant (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.49-3.35, P = 0.0001), homozygous (OR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.87-6.23, P < 0.0001), heterozygous (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.40-2.93, P = 0.0002), and additive genetic models (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.33-2.39, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In the Chinese Han population, the MMP-9-1562C>T gene polymorphism is correlated with an increased risk of CAD. Therefore, Han Chinese carriers of the -1562T allele may be at an increased risk of CAD.

CD14 gene-159C/T polymorphism and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis involving 4467 subjects.

BACKGROUND: The cluster of differentiation antigen 14 (CD14) gene-159C/T polymorphism has been implied to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility. However, the separate studies results are still conflicting between each other. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To investigate the relationship between CD14 gene-159C/T polymorphism and CAD, a meta-analysis including 4467 subjects from 7 individual studies was performed. The random or fixed effect models were used to evaluate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: There was a significant association between CD14 gene -159C/T polymorphism and CAD in the whole population under allelic (OR: 1.280, 95% CI: 1.000-1.630, P=0.05), recessive (OR: 1.760, 95% CI: 1.120-2.750, P=0.01), homozygous (OR: 1.693, 95% CI: 1.008-2.843, P=0.046), and additive genetic models (OR: 1.278, 95% CI: 1.000-1.633, P=0.050). No significant association was found between them under dominant (OR: 0.580, 95% CI: 0.310-1.110, P=0.10) and heterozygous genetic models (OR: 1.334, 95% CI: 0.870-2.045, P=0.186). In the subgroup analysis, a significant association was detected in Chinese population (P<0.05), while there was no significant association in the Caucasian subgroup (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: CD14 gene -159C/T polymorphism was significantly associated with CAD susceptibility, particularly in the Chinese population. The person with T allele of CD14 gene -159C/T polymorphism might predispose to CAD. There was no distinct association between them in the Caucasian subgroup.

Interleukin-6 C-572G gene polymorphism and coronary artery disease in Asian: a meta-analysis of 2511 subjects.

The interleukin-6 (IL-6) C-572G gene polymorphism has been suggested to be associated with the increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, but the study results are still debatable. To explore the association between IL-6 C-572G gene polymorphism and CAD in the Asian population, the current meta-analysis involving 2511 subjects from 7 separate studies was conducted. The combined odds ratio (ORs) for the association between IL-6 C-572G gene polymorphism and CAD and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were assessed by random or fixed effect model. A significant association between IL-6 C-572G gene polymorphism and CAD was found in the Asian population under an allelic (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.30-1.71, P<0.00001), recessive (OR: 2.221, 95% CI: 1.444-3.417, P=1.0×10(-10)) dominant (OR: 1.313, 95% CI: 1.188-1.451, P=1.0×10(-10)), homozygous (OR: 2.454, 95% CI: 1.606-3.751, P=1.0×10(-10)), heterozygous (OR: 3.01, 95% CI:1.99-4.55, P<0.00001) and additive genetic models (OR: 1.372, 95% CI: 1.231-1.528, P=1.0×10(-10)). In the Asian population, the IL-6 C-572G gene polymorphism was indicated to be correlated with CAD susceptibility. The carriers of -572G allele might be predisposed to CAD risk.

CAPN10 SNP43 G>A gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Asian population: a meta-analysis of 9353 participants.

A correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)43 G>A in the calpain-10 (CAPN10) gene (i.e., CAPN10 SNP43) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) susceptibility has been suggested, but the evidence for such a relationship remains controversial. To explore the association of the CAPN10 SNP43 with T2DM in Asian populations, a meta-analysis including 9,353 participants from 20 individual studies in Asian populations was conducted. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were evaluated by a fixed-effect model or random-effect model. The relationship between CAPN10 SNP43 and T2DM was significant under allelic (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38, P = 0.03), recessive (OR: 1.236, 95% CI: 1.038-1.472, P =0.017), heterozygous (OR: 1.261, 95% CI: 1.053-1.512, P = 0.012), and additive (OR: 1.183, 95% CI: 1.014-1.381, P = 0.033) genetic models but not under dominant (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.78-1.62, P = 0.53) or homozygous (OR: 0.937, 95% CI: 0.648-1.355, P = 0.730) genetic models. CAPN10 SNP43 was significantly associated with T2DM susceptibility in Asian populations, especially in Chinese populations. Asians, particularly Chinese people with the SNP43 G allele of the CAPN10 gene may have an increased risk of developing T2DM.

TAP1 I333V gene polymorphism and type 1 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 2248 cases.

Transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1) I333V gene polymorphism has been suggested to be associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) susceptibility. However, the results from individual studies are inconsistent. To explore the association of TAP1 I333V gene polymorphisms with T1DM, a meta-analysis involving 2246 cases from 13 individual studies was conducted. The pooled odd ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were evaluated by a fixed-effect model. A significant relationship was observed between TAP1 I333V gene polymorphism and T1DM in allelic (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08-1.68, P = 0.007), dominant (OR: 1.462, 95% CI: 1.094-1.955, P = 0.010), homozygous (OR: 1.725, 95% CI: 1.082-2.752, P = 0.022), heterozygous (OR: 1.430, 95% CI: 1.048-1.951, P = 0.024) and additive (OR: 1.348, 95% CI: 1.084-1.676, P = 0.007) genetic models. No significant association between TAP1 I333V gene polymorphism and T1DM was detected in a recessive genetic model (OR: 1.384, 95% CI: 0.743-2.579, P = 0.306) in the entire population, especially among Caucasians. No significant association between them was found in an Asian or African population. TAP1 I333V gene polymorphism was significantly associated with increased T1DM risk. V allele carriers might be predisposed to T1DM susceptibility.

CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 62,567 subjects.

The Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like (CDKAL1) gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism has been suggested to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the individual studies results are still controversial. To explore the association of CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism with T2DM, a meta-analysis involving 62,567 subjects from 21 separate studies was conducted. In the whole population, a significant association was found between CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism and T2DM under allelic (OR: 1.180, 95% CI: 1.130-1.230, P = 1.60 × 10⁻¹4), recessive (OR: 1.510, 95% CI: 1.380-1.660, P = 8.41 × 10⁻¹8), dominant (OR: 1.175, 95% CI: 1.109-1.246, P = 6.30 × 10⁻8), homozygous (OR: 1.400, 95% CI: 1.282-1.530, P = 8.02 × 10⁻¹4), and heterozygous genetic models (OR: 1.101, 95% CI: 1.040-1.166, P = 0.001). CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism was significantly associated with T2DM. The person with G allele of CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism might be predisposed to T2DM.

Refractory hypertension with massive proteinuria may be reversed in renal artery stenosis patients with low proteinuria selectivity index after stenting.

BACKGROUND: No available prognostic factor was identified for atherosclerotic renovascular stenosis (ARAS) patient who undergo the percutaneous revascularization therapy. REPORT: This is a case of 68-year-old ARAS patient associated with hypertension and massive proteinuria, who exhibited progressive aggravation of renal dysfunction. His proteinuria selectivity index (SI) was only 0.08. Then the stenosis was treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the renal artery (PTRA) and stenting. After 2-year follow up, all symptoms including renal dysfunction and uncontrolled hypertension was well-controlled. DISCUSSION: As no reliable predictors of clinical response have been identified yet, SI might be a simple prognositic index for ARAS patients undergone the revascularzation therapy.

Adiponectin-11377CG gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese population: a meta-analysis of 6425 subjects.

BACKGROUND: Although adiponectin -11377CG gene polymorphism is implied to be associated with increased type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk, results of individual studies are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: A meta-analysis consisting of 12 individual studies, including a total of 6425 participants, was carried out in order to investigate the association of adiponectin -11377CG gene polymorphism with T2DM. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding confidence interval (CI) at 95% were assessed through the random- or fixed- effect model. RESULTS: A significant relationship was observed between adiponectin -11377CG gene polymorphism and T2DM under allelic (OR: 1.150, 95% CI: 1.060 to 1.250, P = 0.001), recessive (OR: 1.450, 95% CI: 1.180-1.770, P = 0.0004), dominant (OR: 1.071, 95% CI: 1.013-1.131, P = 0.015), additive (OR: 1.280, 95% CI: 1.090-1.510, P = 0.002), and homozygous genetic models (OR: 1.620, 95% CI: 1.310-1.990, P<0.00001). No significant association was found between them under the heterozygous genetic model (OR: 1.640, 95% CI: 0.850-3.170, P = 0.140). CONCLUSIONS: Adiponectin -11377CG gene polymorphism was significantly associated with T2DM risk susceptibility. G allele carriers are predisposed to T2DM risk.

Apo A5 -1131T/C, FgB -455G/A, -148C/T, and CETP TaqIB gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease in the Chinese population: a meta-analysis of 15,055 subjects.

The Apolipoprotein A5 (APO A5) -1131T/C, fibrinogen ß (FgB) -455G/A, -148C/T, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) TaqIB gene polymorphisms have been indicated to be associated with the coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, but the individual study results are still inconsistent. To explore the relationship between APO A5 -1131T/C, FgB -455G/A, -148C/T, and CETP TaqIB gene polymorphisms and CAD in the Chinese population, the current meta-analysis involving 15,055 subjects from 40 individual studies was conducted. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between APO A5 -1131T/C, FgB -455G/A, -148C/T, and CETP TaqIB gene polymorphisms and CAD and its corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) were evaluated by random or fixed effect model. A significant association between APO A5 -1131T/C gene polymorphism and CAD in the Chinese population was found under an allelic (OR: 1.33, 95 % CI: 1.22-1.44, P < 0.00001), recessive (OR: 1.67, 95 % CI: 1.25-2.25, P = 0.0006), dominant (OR: 0.820, 95 % CI: 0.767-0.876, P = 1.0 × 10(-10)), homozygous (OR: 2.36, 95 % CI: 1.55-3.58, P < 0.0001) and heterozygous genetic models (OR: 1.136, 95 % CI:1.075-1.200, P = 1.0 × 10(-10)). A significant association between FgB -455G/A gene polymorphism and CAD was also detected in the Chinese population under an allelic (OR: 1.50, 95 % CI: 1.25-1.81, P < 0.0001), dominant (OR: 0.864, 95 % CI: 0.819-0.912, P = 1.0 × 10(-10)), homozygous (OR: 1.616, 95 % CI: 1.213-2.152, P = 0.001) and heterozygous genetic models (OR: 1.245, 95 % CI:1.138-1.361, P = 1.0 × 10(-10)). No significant association was found between them under a recessive genetic model (OR: 1.124, 95 % CI: 0.844-1.497, P = 0.424). A significant association was also found between FgB -148C/T gene polymorphism and CAD in the Chinese population under an allelic (OR: 1.34, 95 % CI: 1.06-1.71, P = 0.02), recessive (OR: 1. 65, 95 % CI: 1.02-2.69, P = 0.04), dominant (OR: 0.924, 95 % CI: 0.872-0.978, P = 0.007) and homozygous genetic models (OR: 0.968, 95 % CI: 0.942-0.995, P = 0.018). No significant association was found between them under a heterozygous genetic model (OR: 0.979, 95 % CI: 0.937-1.023, P = 0.342). In the whole Chinese population, no significant association between the CETP TaqIB gene polymorphism and CAD was found under an allelic (OR: 1.17, 95 % CI: 0.94-1.45, P = 0.15), dominant (OR: 1.46, 95 % CI: 0.80-2.67, P = 0.22) or recessive genetic models (OR: 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.32-1.44, P = 0.31). However, in the subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity, there was a significant association between them under an allelic (OR: 1.27, 95 % CI: 1.07-1.52, P = 0.007) and dominant genetic model (OR: 2.04, 95 % CI: 1.49-2.79, P < 0.00001) in the Han subgroup. In the Chinese population, the APO A5 -1131T/C and FgB -455G/A, -148C/T gene polymorphisms were implied to be associated with CAD susceptibility. The APO A5 -1131C, FgB -455A, and -148T alleles might confer susceptibility to CAD. CETP TaqIB gene polymorphism was suggested to be associated with CAD susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. Carriers with B1 allele of CETP TaqIB gene might be predisposed to CAD in the Chinese Han population.