ABSTRACT
MAIN CONCLUSION: Overexpression of JcSEP3 causes defective stamen development in Jatropha curcas, in which brassinosteroid and gibberellin signaling pathways may be involved. SEPALLATAs (SEPs), the class E genes of the ABCE model, are required for floral organ determination. In this study, we investigated the role of the JcSEP3 gene in floral organ development in the woody plant Jatropha curcas. Transgenic Jatropha plants overexpressing JcSEP3 displayed abnormal phenotypes such as deficient anthers and pollen, as well as free stamen filaments, whereas JcSEP3-RNA interference (RNAi) transgenic plants had no obvious phenotypic changes, suggesting that JcSEP3 is redundant with other JcSEP genes in Jatropha. Moreover, we compared the transcriptomes of wild-type plants, JcSEP3-overexpressing, and JcSEP3-RNAi transgenic plants. In the JcSEP3-overexpressing transgenic plants, we discovered 25 upregulated genes involved in anther and pollen development, as well as 12 induced genes in brassinosteroid (BR) and gibberellin (GA) signaling pathways. These results suggest that JcSEP3 directly or indirectly regulates stamen development, concomitant with the regulation of BR and GA signaling pathways. Our findings help to understand the roles of SEP genes in stamen development in perennial woody plants.
Subject(s)
Jatropha , Brassinosteroids/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Gibberellins/metabolism , Jatropha/genetics , Jatropha/metabolism , Plant Proteins/genetics , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To analyze possible influencing factors on concentration of saliva urea (SaU) and to validate its application in chronic kidney disease(CKD). DESIGN AND METHODS: Level of SaU in patients and normal subjects was researched. RESULTS: The concentration of SaU did not vary with sampling time and genders, but was related to ages and level of serum urea (U). CONCLUSION: SaU concentration is stable and it is useful in application in CKD.
Subject(s)
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Saliva/chemistry , Urea/analysis , Adult , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Creatinine/analysis , Female , Glomerulonephritis/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Statistics, Nonparametric , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To understand the main gene types of Escherichia coli in mechanical ventilated pneumonia and to explore the mechanisms for drug resistance. METHODS: RAPD-PCR was used to analyze the fingerprinting of 20 strains of Escherichia coli. ESBLs were detected by double disk test. RESULTS: Twenty clinical strains of Escherichia coli were divided into 10 types by RAPD. The positive rate of ESBLs was 65.0%. Seventeen strains had the same line in 1 447 bp. CONCLUSION: The gene type of Escherichia coli in mechanical ventilated pneumonia is diversified. Patients are mainly infected in hospitals. The detection rate of ESBLs is high, which should be paid much attention to.
