Regulating molecular brush structure on cotton textiles for efficient antibacterial properties.

The molecular brush structures have been developed on cotton textiles for long-term and efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial performances through the cooperation of alkyl-chain and quaternary ammonium sites. Results show that efficient antibacterial performances can be achieved by the regulation of the alkyl chain length and quaternary ammonium sites. The antibacterial efficiency of the optimized molecular brush structure of [3-(N,N-Dimethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane with cetyl modification on cotton textiles (CT-DM-16) can reach more than 99 % against both E. coli and S. aureus. Alkyl-chain grafting displayed significantly improvement in the antibacterial activity against S. aureus with (N,N-Diethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane modification on cotton textiles (CT-DE) based materials. The positive N sites and alkyl chains played important roles in the antibacterial process. Proteomic analysis reveals that the contributions of cytoskeleton and membrane-enclosed lumen in differentially expressed proteins have been increased for the S. aureus antibacterial process, confirming the promoted puncture capacity with alkyl-chain grafting. Theoretical calculations indicate that the positive charge of N sites can be enhanced through alkyl-chain grafting, and the possible distortion of the brush structure in application can further increase the positive charge of N sites. Uncovering the regulation mechanism is considered to be important guidance to develop novel and practical antibacterial materials.

Composite Hydrogel for the Targeted Capture and Photothermal Killing of Bacteria toward Facilitating Wound Healing.

Pathogenic infections pose a significant risk to public health and are regarded as one of the most difficult clinical treatment obstacles. A reliable and safe photothermal antibacterial platform is a promising technique for the treatment of bacterial infections. Given the damage that high temperatures cause in normal tissues and cells, a multifunctional hydrogel driven by photothermal energy is created by trapping bacteria to reduce heat transfer loss and conduct low-temperature photothermal sterilization efficiently. The 3-aminobenzene boronic acid (ABA)-modified graphene oxide is combined with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and cellulose nanocrystalline (CNC) networks to create the ABA-GO/CNC/CMCS composite hydrogel (composite gel). The obtained composite gel displays a uniform three-dimensional network structure, which can be rapidly heated to 48 °C under infrared light irradiation and is beneficial for killing wound infection bacteria and promoting wound healing. The results of animal experiments show that the composite gel significantly reduces inflammation by killing >99.99% of bacteria under near-infrared light irradiation. The result also demonstrates that it increases the granulation tissue thickness and collagen distribution and promotes wound healing. After treatment for 14 days, compared with the remaining 27.73% of the remaining wound area in the control group, the wound area in the composite gel with NIR group is only 0.91%. It significantly accelerates the wound healing process of Staphylococcus aureus infection and shows great potential for clinical application.

Interfacial Enhancement by CNTs Grafting towards High-Performance Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites.

The problem of interfacial interaction between carbon fiber (CF) and the matrix is the key to the failure of CF-reinforced plastic (CFRP). A general strategy to enhance interfacial connections is to create covalent bonds between the components, but this usually reduces the toughness of the composite material, which in turn limits the range of applications of the composite. In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grafted onto the CF surface using the molecular layer bridging effect of the dual coupling agent to prepare multi-scale reinforcements, which significantly improved the roughness and chemical activity of the CF surface. By introducing a transition layer structure between the carbon fibers and the epoxy resin matrix to moderate the large modulus and scale differences between them, the interfacial interaction was improved while enhancing the strength and toughness of CFRP. We used amine-cured bisphenol A-based epoxy resin (E44) as the matrix resin and prepared the composites by the hand-paste method and performed tensile tests on the prepared composites, which showed that, compared with the original CF-reinforced composites, the modified composites showed an increase in tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongation at break by 40.5%, 66.3% and 41.9%, respectively.

Construction and application of carbon aerogels in microwave absorption.

Electromagnetic pollution that threatens human health, the ecological environment and electronic equipment has been recognized as a serious environmental issue. In view of this, microwave absorbing materials (MAMs) are urgently required in modern society. Compared with traditional MAMs, carbon aerogels have inherent advantages in microwave absorption because of their high porosity and controllable conductive networks. Moreover, they are self-supporting 3D architectures with tailorable shapes, which satisfy most application scenarios. Therefore, carbon aerogels have aroused great interest in recent years and are being developed as promising absorption materials. In this review, we emphasize recent developments in carbon-aerogel-based MAMs constructed with some typical carbon nanomaterials, including graphene, carbon nanotubes and pyrolytic carbon. Their preparation methods, especially some newly developed strategies, are introduced as well as their influence on the structures and properties of aerogels. With a brief analysis of classic microwave absorption processes, we propose the requirements and strategies for modifying carbon aerogels to achieve ideal microwave absorption performance. Finally, we provide comprehensive comparisons of the MA performances of various carbon aerogels that show application potential and set forth the challenges and prospects of this kind of MAM.

Monolithic robust hybrid sponge with enhanced light adsorption and ultrafast photothermal heating rate for rapid oil cleaning.

It remains a significant challenge to develop a photothermal adsorbent with a heating response as fast as a joule-heating adsorbent and simultaneously possessing excellent mechanical stability and reusability for rapid oil cleaning. Here, we report a novel monolithic design to fabricate a photothermal hybrid sponge for rapid oil cleaning by integrating graphite interlayer compounds as photothermal units into the three-dimensional photothermal network of carbon nanotubes. This unique monolithic design enabled the hybrid sponge to present excellent photothermal performance: firstly, the superhydrophobic hybrid sponge has low thermal resistance resulting from the defectless surface; secondly, the photothermal units were weaved in the photothermal network, preventing detachment in the cycling and providing ultrafast photothermal heating rate. The hybrid sponge rises to 81 °C in merely 25 s under irradiation (1 Sun), superior to most photothermal oil adsorbents reported so far. This study provides a new structural design for constructing photothermal adsorbents with a fast-heating response for rapid crude oil cleaning.

Mechanism for the Intercalation of Aniline Cations into the Interlayers of Graphite.

The dynamic behaviors of aniline cation (ANI+) intercalating into graphite interlayers are systematically studied by experimental studies and multiscale simulations. The in situ intercalation polymerization designed by response surface methods implies the importance of ultrasonication for achieving the intercalation of ANI+. Molecular dynamics and quantum chemical simulations prove the adsorption of ANI+ onto graphite surfaces by cation-π electrostatic interactions, weakening the π-π interactions between graphene layers. The ultrasonication that follows breaks the hydrated ANI+ clusters into individual ANI+. Thus, the released positive charges of these dissociative cations and reduced steric hindrance significantly improve their intercalation ability. With the initial kinetic energy provided by ultrasonic field, the activated ANI+ are able to intercalate into the interlayer of graphite. This work demonstrates the intercalation behaviors of ANI+, which provides an opportunity for investigations regarding organic-molecule-intercalated graphite compounds.

Super-stretchable and adhesive cellulose Nanofiber-reinforced conductive nanocomposite hydrogel for wearable Motion-monitoring sensor.

Conductive hydrogel has been considered as a promising material for wearable sensors, constructing a flexible conductive hydrogel sensor with super stretchability, adhesion, and sensing stability is essential, but still challenging. Herein, A super-stretchable, adhesive, and conductive nanocomposite hydrogel was successfully constructed by a facile and one-pot process in conjunction with ball milling and blending. The resulting hydrogel exhibited super-stretchable ability (2795%), excellent tensile stress (128.6 kPa), good fatigue resistance, and self-recovery ability due to multiple cross-linked network structures, including physical hybrid networks (hydrogen bonds and ionic coordination bonds) and flexible polyacrylamide networks. Moreover, the nanocomposite hydrogel showed outstanding conductivity stability, fast response, durability, and repeatability. And it displayed excellent adhesion on various materials. Strain sensors based on hydrogels showed high sensitivity, stability, and action recognition ability. In summary, this work provides a simple strategy for preparing conductive hydrogel sensors with high stretchability, adhesion, and stability, and has potential application prospects in the field of wearable sensors for human body motion detection.

High Sensitivity of Ammonia Sensor through 2D Black Phosphorus/Polyaniline Nanocomposite.

Recently, as a two-dimensional (2D) material, black phosphorous (BP) has attracted more and more attention. However, few efforts have been made to investigate the BP/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite for ammonia (NH3) gas sensors. In this work, the BP/PANI nanocomposite as a novel sensing material for NH3 detection, has been synthesized via in situ chemical oxidative polymerization, which is then fabricated onto the interdigitated transducer (IDTs). The electrical properties of the BP/PANI thin film are studied in a large detection range from 1 to 4000 ppm, such as conduction mechanism, response, reproducibility, and selectivity. The experimental result indicates that the BP/PANI sensor shows higher sensitivity and larger detection range than that of PANI. The BP added into PANI, that may enlarge the specific surface area, obtain the special trough structure for gas channels, and form the p-π conjugation system and p-p isotype heterojunctions, which are beneficial to increase the response of BP/PANI to NH3 sensing. Meanwhile, in order to support the discussion result, the structure and morphology of the BP/PANI are respectively measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emissions scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the sensor shows good reproducibility, and fast response and recovery behavior, on NH3 sensing. In addition, this route may offer the advantages of an NH3 sensor, which are of simple structure, low cost, easy to assemble, and operate at room temperature.

Defect-Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Property of Hierarchical Graphite Capsules@Helical Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Nanocomposites.

Development of high-performance materials for electromagnetic wave absorption has attracted extensive interest, but it still remains a huge challenge especially in reducing density and lowering filler loading. Herein, a hierarchical all-carbon nanostructure is rationally designed as follows: the defect-rich hollow graphite capsules (GCs) controlled by the size/density of ZnO templates are synthesized on the surface of helical carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) to form a hybrid nanocomposite, denoted as GCs@HCNTs. As a result, the GCs@HCNTs demonstrate a strong and wide absorption performance with a very low filler loading of 10 wt %. The minimum reflection loss reaches -51.7 dB at 7.6 GHz, and the effective bandwidth (below -10 dB) ranges from 8 to 14 GHz, covering the whole X or Ku bands. The hierarchical nanostructure and homoatomic heterogeneous interface are beneficial to impedance matching and bring additional dipole polarization enhanced by the structural defects, which may enlighten the design of ultralight and broadband high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials.

Polypyrrole/Helical Carbon Nanotube Composite with Marvelous Photothermoelectric Performance for Longevous and Intelligent Internet of Things Application.

Helical carbon nanotube (HCNT) is a vital member of carbon nanomaterials, but little effort was devoted to explore its unique characteristics and applications during the past few decades. Here, we report an organic thermoelectric composite with an excellent photothermoelectric (PTE) effect by conformally wrapping polypyrrole (PPy) on the intricate surface of HCNTs, which have been confirmed to have remarkable near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion capability and ultralow heat transportation characteristics. The results indicate that with the increasing HCNT content, PPy shell thickness reduces and exhibits denser as well as partial orientation, while the inter-ring angle slowly decreases and the bipolaron becomes dominant in carrier composition gradually. Consequently, the Seebeck coefficient increases monotonically, whereas the electrical conductivity remains nearly invariant. The final composite combines the benign thermoelectric properties, excellent photothermal response performance, and the lowest thermal conductivity of the carbon-based thermoelectric composite yet reported (0.064 W m-1 K-1). A single strip NIR light-stimulated adjustable delay switch was designed and fabricated, with the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current under a 400 mW cm-2 NIR-stimulated approach to 720 µV and 62 nA with the discrepancy of consecutive periodic output signals less than 4.2%, exhibiting incredible stability and reliability and demonstrating the highest output voltage of a single strip among the reported organic PTE composite at room temperature. Our work fills in a gap of HCNT research, which hitherto existed in the PTE and thermoelectric field.

Constructing cellulose nanocrystal/graphene nanoplatelet networks in phase change materials toward intelligent thermal management.

The hybrid networks of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were constructed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) through the common solution compounding processing, in which GNPs provided the thermally conductive path while CNCs restricted the leakage of PEG during the phase transition. The results showed that CNCs greatly enhanced the shape stability of the composite phase change materials (PCMs) while thermal conductivity was still maintained at high level. At the contents of 8 wt% (CNCs) and 4 wt% (GNPs), the enthalpy of the composite PCM was 145.5 J/g, which was 88 % of pure PEG, and the thermal conductivity was 2.018±0.067 W/m K about 563.7 % higher than that of pure PEG. Furthermore, the composite PCMs exhibited outstanding light-thermal and electro-thermal conversion capabilities. Furthermore, the composite PCMs could be designed as the temperature stabilizing component exhibiting intelligent adaptive thermal management role, providing stable temperature condition for electronic devices in extreme environment.

Ultrastrong Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene Papers via Multiple π-π Cross-Linking.

Considering the extraordinary properties of graphene nanosheets, graphene-based materials from a molecular level to a macroscopic level as paper-like graphene films have recently grown for promising applications in many fields. However, there is still a major challenge in the design of the interface between adjacent graphene nanosheets so as to achieve high strength, high toughness, and high conductivity. Herein, we construct the high-performance graphene-based papers by using graphene as the matrix, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the reinforcement, and a long-chain molecule (1-pyrenylbutyric acid-linear diamine-1-pyrenylbutyric acid, PBA-diamine-PBA) as the bridging agent. The multiple π-π interactions between the fused rings, graphene nanosheets, and CNTs are generated among the aromatic rings of PBA, rGO, and CNTs, which significantly improve the mechanical properties and electrical properties of the cross-linked composite papers (abbreviated to CLP-X, where X is the carbon chain length). Furthermore, the linear diamines with different lengths of carbon chain affect the properties of papers after cross-linking. Especially, the as-obtained graphene-based paper (CLP-6) shows a high tensile strength (625.2 MPa), high toughness (28.5 MJ/m3), and high electrical conductivity (233.4 S/cm) as well as high solvent stability, which maintains the premium stability in different solvents. The improvement of strengthening and toughening mainly comes from the effective stress transfer and the reduction of slipping distance between rGO and CNTs during the stretching, with the help of multiple π-π cross-linking by in situ Raman analysis and simulation calculations. In addition, the high electrical conductivity leads to an excellent electromagnetic interference shielding capability (44,502 dB·cm2/g). The distinguished electric heating performance with rapid response to temperature changes is also recognized. Therefore, the proposed interface design is demonstrated as an effective way for developing a graphene-based paper with superior properties.

Ultrafast physical bacterial inactivation and photocatalytic self-cleaning of ZnO nanoarrays for rapid and sustainable bactericidal applications.

Various nanostructured surfaces have been developed recently to physically inactivate bacteria, for reducing the rapidly spreading threat of pathogenic bacteria. However, it generally takes several hours for these surfaces to inactivate most of the bacteria, which greatly limits their application in the fields favoring rapid bactericidal performance. Besides, the accumulated bacteria debris left on these surfaces is rarely discussed in the previous reports. Herein we report the nanotip-engineered ZnO nanoarrays (NAs) with ultrafast physical bactericidal rate and the ability to photocatalytically remove the bacteria debris. Neither chemical (Zn2+ or reactive oxygen species) nor photocatalytic effect leads to the ultrafast bactericidal rate, where 97.5% of E. coli and 94.9% of S. aureus are inactivated within only 1 min. The simulation analysis further supported our proposed mechanism attributing the ultrafast bactericidal activity to the great stress enabled by the uneven topography. Moreover, the re-exposure of the ZnO NAs nanotips can be achieved in only 10 min under a mild UV light source. This study not only presents an ultrafast physical bactericidal activity, but also demonstrates the potential of the recyclable and photocatalytic self-cleaning functions of theses surfaces for applications that desire rapid and sustainable bactericidal performance.

Carbonized polyaniline bridging nanodiamond-graphene hybrids for enhanced microwave absorptions with ultrathin thickness.

For conventional design of the electromagnetic absorption materials, introduction of magnetic materials into dielectric materials has been found to achieve better impedance matching, but lead to increase in weight and decrease in chemical stability, therefore limiting their practical applications. In this work, metal-free electromagnetic coupling was achieved by the design of nitrogen-doped nanodiamond/graphene hybrids. Polyaniline is used to self-assembled bridge the nanodiamond and graphene, and the carbonization is carried out for construction and regulation of the C•••N polarization and nitrogen doping. The carbonized hybrid exhibits remarkably enhanced broadband electromagnetic absorption with the optimal reflection loss value around -47.7 dB at 13.8 GHz with an ultrathin thickness of 1.8 mm. The enhancement in electromagnetic absorption is confirmed to result from nitrogen doped ND induced magnetic dissipation and the C•••N multi-polarization modes, as well as the multiple interfacial structures. This work opens a new route realizing lightweight electromagnetic absorption through constructing nitrogen doped carbon nanomaterial.

Elucidation of the Relationship between Intrinsic Viscosity and Molecular Weight of Cellulose Dissolved in Tetra-N-Butyl Ammonium Hydroxide/Dimethyl Sulfoxide.

The determination of molecular weight of natural cellulose remains a challenge nowadays, due to the difficulty in dissolving cellulose. In this work, tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) aqueous solution (THDS) were used to dissolve cellulose in a few minutes under room temperature into true molecular solutions. That is to say, the cellulose was dissolved in the solution in molecular level, and the viscosity of the solution is linearly dependent on the concentration of cellulose. The relationship between the molecular weight of cellulose and the intrinsic viscosity tested in such dilute solutions has been established in the form of the Mark-Houwink equation, η=0.24×DP1.21. The value of 1.21 indicates that the cellulose molecules dissolve in THDS quite well. The cellulose dispersion in the THDS was proved to be in molecular level by atomic force microscope (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The reliability of the established Mark-Houwink equation was cross-checked by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and traditional copper (II) ethylenediamine (CED) method. No considerate degradation was observed by comparing the intrinsic viscosity and the degree of polymerization (DP) values of the original with and the regenerated cellulose samples. The natural cellulose can be molecularly dispersed in the multiple-component solvent (THDS), and kept stable for a certain period. A time efficient and reliable method has been supplied for determination of the degree of polymerization and the molecular weight of cellulose.

A facile method to graphene oxide/polyaniline nanocomposite with sandwich-like structure for enhanced electrical properties of humidity detection.

In this paper, a novel graphene oxide (GO)/polyaniline (PANI) sandwich-like nanocomposite has been synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization. The GO/PANI is then fabricated onto the interdigitated transducers as sensor for humidity detection. The electrical properties of the thin films are investigated in various relative humidity (RH), including conduction mechanism, sensitivity, reproducibility and humidity hysteresis. The conduction mechanism of the GO/PANI for humidity response is discussed in detail, and the total resistance of GO/PANI is mainly depending on the bulk resistance of PANI. At the lower (60%) RH, the proton hopping transfer plays a very important role for the proton exchange mechanism of GO/PANI thin film. At the higher RH, ionic conduction is not only main conduction process, but also with the proton hopping partially exists for the proton exchange mechanism. Besides, the humidity sensitivity of the thin films enhances with increasing the mass ratio of GO (0, 5, and 50 mg) to PANI due to its larger surface area, hydrophilic functional groups and synergistic effect of π-π* conjugation system, which is also supported by adsorption of QCM humidity response. Meanwhile, the morphology and structure of the thin films are analyzed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively.

Hybridization-Induced Polarization of Graphene Sheets by Intercalation-Polymerized Polyaniline toward High Performance of Microwave Absorption.

An intercalation polymerization is applied to regulate the hybridizing structures of polyaniline@graphene (PANI@GE). Polarization of GE sheets is realized, which is attributed to the hybridization by the in situ intercalation-polymerized PANI molecules. The polarizing effect on GE is confirmed by characterizations and density functional theory calculations, and the results indicate that distinct p-π and π-π interactions exist between the PANI molecules and the GE sheets. As a result, this new structural hybrid leads to a high performance of microwave absorption. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of the optimized PANI@GE hybrid can be as low as -64.3 dB at 10.1 GHz with the RL bandwidth of -10 dB being 5.1 GHz (from 8.6 to 13.7 GHz). A further study reveals a special mechanism for the electromagnetic energy consumptions by the structural resonance of the polarized GE-based hybrids, a complex macromolecule. In addition, the fully separated GE provides a good impedance matching, together with the widely held multiscaled relaxations of the interfacial polarization.

High-Temperature Oxidation-Resistant ZrN0.4B0.6/SiC Nanohybrid for Enhanced Microwave Absorption.

Most microwave absorbers lose their function under harsh working conditions, such as a high temperature and an oxidative environment. Here, we developed a heterogeneous ZrN0.4B0.6/SiC nanohybrid via combined catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) processes using ZrB2 as the starting material. The composition and structure of the ZrN0.4B0.6/SiC nanohybrid were controlled by tuning the CCVD and CVI parameters, such as reaction temperature, time, and reactant concentration. The optimal heterogeneous ZrN0.4B0.6/SiC nanohybrids were obtained initially by preparing ZrB2@C via the CCVD process at 650 °C for 30 min and the subsequent CVI at 1500 °C, where the ZrB2@C reacted with Si under N2. The ZrN0.4B0.6/SiC nanohybrid exhibited enhanced microwave absorption ability with a minimum reflection loss value of approximately -50.8 dB at 7.7 GHz, a thickness of ∼3.05 mm, and antioxidation features at a high temperature of 600 °C. The heterogeneous ZrN0.4B0.6/SiC nanohybrid possessed reasonable conductivity, leading to dielectric loss, whereas SiC nanofibers formed a three-dimensional network that brought higher dipole moments, whereas a small part of the ZrN0.4B0.6/SiC nanohybrid structure generated an effective interface for higher attenuation of microwaves. Therefore, these material features synergistically resulted in a well-defined Debye relaxation, Maxwell-Wagner relaxation, dipole polarization, and the quarter-wavelength cancellation, which accounted for the enhanced microwave absorption.

Interface Modulating CNTs@PANi Hybrids by Controlled Unzipping of the Walls of CNTs To Achieve Tunable High-Performance Microwave Absorption.

Making full use of the interface modulation-induced interface polarization is an effective strategy to achieve excellent microwave absorption (MA). In this study, we develop an interfacial modulation strategy for achieving this goal in the commonly reported dielectric carbon nanotubes@polyaniline (CNTs@PANi) hybrid microwave absorber by optimizing the CNT nanocore structure. The heterogeneous interfaces from PANi and CNTs can be well regulated by longitudinal unzipping of the walls of CNTs to form 1D CNT- and 3D CNT-bridged graphene nanoribbons and 2D graphene nanoribbons. By controlling the oxidation peeling degree of CNTs, their interface area and defects are enhanced, thus producing more polarization centers to generate interfacial polarization and polarization relaxation, and also introducing more PANi loadings. Furthermore, more interface contact area can be produced between CNTs and PANi. This could induce a strong dielectric resonant and further improve the impedance matching, leading to significant enhancement of MA performance. With filler loading of only 10 wt % and a thinner coating thickness of 2.4 mm, the optimized CNTs@PANi exhibits excellent MA performance with the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) value of -45.7 dB at 12.0 GHz and the effective bandwidth is from 10.2 to 14.8 GHz. Meanwhile, the broadest effective bandwidth reaches 5.6 GHz, covering the range of 12.4-18.0 GHz with a thin thickness of 2.0 mm and its RLmin reaches -29.0 dB at 14.6 GHz. It is believed that the proposed interfacial modulation strategy can provide new opportunities for designing efficient MA absorbers.

Electrospun Fibrous Membranes with Dual-Scaled Porous Structure: Super Hydrophobicity, Super Lipophilicity, Excellent Water Adhesion, and Anti-Icing for Highly Efficient Oil Adsorption/Separation.

Developing highly efficient and multifunctional membranes toward oil adsorption and oil/water separation is of significance in oily wastewater treatment. Herein, a novel electrospun composite membrane with dual-scaled porous structure and nanoraised structure on each fiber was fabricated through electrospinning using biodegradable polylactide (PLA) and magnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The PLA/γ-Fe2O3 composite membranes show high porosity (>90%), superhydrophobic and superlipophilic performances with CH2I2 contact angle of 0°, good water adhesion ability like water droplets on a petal surface, excellent anti-icing performance, and good mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 1.31 MPa and a tensile modulus of 11.65 MPa. The superlipophilicity and dual-scaled porous structure endow the composite membranes with ultrahigh oil adsorption capacity up to 268.6 g/g toward motor oil. Furthermore, the composite membranes also show high oil permeation flux up to 2925 L/m2 h under the force of gravity. Even for oil/water emulsion, the composite membranes have high separation efficiency. We expect that the PLA/γ-Fe2O3 composite membranes can be used in oily wastewater treatment under various conditions through one-off adsorption or continuous oil/water separation, especially under low environmental temperature condition.