ABSTRACT
With rapidly aging populations, family care functions can become weakened, and community health services often lack unified standards. A standardized and professional community home-based long-term care model (CHLCM) for the elderly is urgently needed in many regions of China and in other countries. Here, we explored the indicators of the need for a CHLCM among elderly individuals, and we constructed a CHLCM. We created and distributed a questionnaire regarding the requirement of long-term care services, based on a literature review. The two-rounds Delphi method was used, involving 20 experts who were randomly selected from among the medical universities, community health service centers, and nursing homes in Nanning, Guangxi, China. The experts' enthusiasm rates in the questionnaire's two rounds were 95% and 100%, respectively. The authentic coefficient of the experts' consulting was 0.857, and that of the experts' academic level was 0.835; the judgement coefficient was 0.880 and the familiar coefficient was 0.855. The CHLCM includes service content and an evaluation. The coordination coefficients for the two primary, eight secondary, and 29 tertiary indicators were 0.200, 0.386, and 0.184, respectively (p<0.05). The experts' enthusiasm and authority were high. The coordination of the experts' agreement was sufficient, and the analysis results were reliable. The CHLCM includes 29 items that provide a foundation and references for the formulation of concrete indicators and subsequent research.
Subject(s)
Long-Term Care , Aged , China , Delphi Technique , Humans , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
During diving, high orbit maneuver, or target detection and positioning, a hypersonic vehicle will experience high thermal flux. Aerodynamic heating will cause intense thermal shock to the antenna window and radar dome, which are usually made of brittle materials that are transparent to electromagnetic waves and are critical to the mission of target positioning and hitting. Therefore, determination of the time to fracture of the brittle materials under high thermal flux is of great significance. In this study, thermal shock tests were performed on two brittle materials, i.e., SiO2 and Al2O3, using a quartz lamp radiator test system with a maximum thermal flux of 1.5MW/m2. The difference between the pre-set and actual thermal fluxes for the tests was smaller than 1.0%. The time to fracture was determined for the two brittle materials by employing the digital image correlation method to capture and analyze changes in speckle images of the specimen's surface. The speckle image analysis also revealed variations in the surface strain values (εx and εy) prior to fracture. The test results provide important input for the safety and reliability design of radar domes and other electromagnetic wave-transparent signal detection and positioning components of hypersonic vehicles when subjected to high thermal fluxes.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish a method of quality assurance for mass-screening (QAMS) for simultaneously determining six flavonoids in Hongzhu Capsules. METHODS: An HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) method was developed as QAMS to determine neoeriocitrin, prunin, naringin, rhoifolin, miliditin and naringenin in Hongzhu Capsules. Using naringin as the internal reference substance, relative correction factors (RCF) of the five flavonoids were determined and given as follows (1.05, 0.782, 1.89, 1.27, 0.532). The contents of the flavonoids in Hongzhu Capsules were determined by QAMS and validated by the external standard method. RESULTS: RCF values were determined by HPLC with good reproducibility. No significant difference between the quantitative results of QAMS and external standard method was observed. CONCLUSION: The present-developed method is convenient and accurate to determine multiple components when some standard substances are unavailable, thus considered as a potential method for quality control of Hongzhu Capsules.
