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1.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi ; 25(8): 824-830, 2023 Aug 15.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37668030

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characteristics of auditory processing (AP) in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale (hereafter referred to as "auditory processing scale"). METHODS: A total of 41 children with ADHD and 41 typically developing (TD) children were assessed using the auditory processing scale, SNAP-IV rating scale, and Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT). The auditory processing scale score was compared between the TD and ADHD groups. The correlations of the score with SNAP-IV and K-CPT scores were assessed. RESULTS: Compared with the TD group, the ADHD group had significantly higher total score of the auditory processing scale and scores of all dimensions except visual attention (P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the total score of the auditory processing scale (rs30=0.531, P<0.05; rs27=0.627, P<0.05) as well as the scores of its subdimensions, including auditory decoding (rs=0.628, P<0.05), auditory attention (rs=0.492, P<0.05), and communication (rs=0.399, P<0.05). The hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the auditory processing scale (rs=0.429, P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the K-CPT was positively correlated with the total score (rs30=0.574, P<0.05; rs27=0.485, P<0.05) and the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score (rs=0.602, P<0.05) of the auditory processing scale. CONCLUSIONS: Preschool children with ADHD have the risk of AP abnormalities, and the auditory processing scale should be used early for the screening and evaluation of AP abnormalities in children.


Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Child, Preschool , Humans , Schools , Auditory Perception
2.
World J Clin Cases ; 9(1): 190-196, 2021 Jan 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33511184

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pituitary metastasis is an uncommon manifestation of systemic malignant tumors. Moreover, hyperprolactinemia and overall hypopituitarism caused by metastatic spread leading to the initial symptoms are rare. CASE SUMMARY: A 53-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with complaints of bilateral blurred vision, dizziness, polyuria, nocturia, severe fatigue and somnolence, decreased libido, and intermittent nausea and vomiting for more than 6 mo. During the last 7 d, the dizziness had worsened. Laboratory investigations revealed overall hypofunction of the pituitary gland, but the patient had an elevated serum prolactin level (703.35 mg/mL). Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the sellar region, accompanied by intratumoral hemorrhage and calcification. Thus, transnasal subtotal resection of the lesion in the sellar region was performed. The histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the resected lesion revealed metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma to the pituitary gland. Oral hydrocortisone (30 mg/d) and levothyroxine (25 mg/d) were given both pre- and postoperatively. Post-operatively, the clinical symptoms were significantly improved. However, 4 mo following the surgery, the patient succumbed due to multiple organ failure. CONCLUSION: Hyperprolactinemia is one of the markers of poor prognosis in patients with carcinoma that metastasizes to the pituitary gland. Exogenous hormone supplementation plays a positive role in relieving the symptoms of patients and improving quality of life.

3.
Brain Res ; 1437: 1-15, 2012 Feb 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22227458

ABSTRACT

Nogo-A, oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) are known as myelin-associated proteins that inhibit axon growth by binding a common receptor, the Nogo66 receptor (NgR). In the CNS, Nogo-A, OMgp and MAG are predominantly expressed by oligodendrocytes. As our previous study revealed that oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) did not inhibit neurite outgrowth, it is not clear whether these myelin-associated proteins are expressed in OPCs, and what functions they perform if they are expressed in OPCs. In the present study, with OPCs induced from neural precursor cells (NPCs) derived from rat embryonic spinal cord, and oligodendrocytes differentiated from OPCs, we have observed the expression patterns of Nogo-A, OMgp, MAG and NgR in NPCs, OPCs and oligodendrocytes by immunostaining and western blot assay. We found that Nogo-A could be detected in all tested cells; OMgp could be detected in OPCs and oligodendrocytes, but not in NPCs; MAG was only detected in oligodendrocytes; while NgR could be detected in NPCs and OPCs, but not in oligodendrocytes. These results indicated that the expression pattern of MAG and NgR in OPCs was totally different from that of oligodendrocytes, which might be one of the factors that led to the discrepancy between the two cells in promoting neurite outgrowth. By respectively blocking Nogo-A, OMgp and NgR expressed on OPCs with their corresponding antibodies, we further investigated their roles in the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs, as well as the possible signal pathways involved in. Our results showed that when OPCs were cultured under proliferation condition, blocking Nogo-A, OMgp or NgR did not affect the proliferation of OPCs, but could all significantly prolong their processes. And this effect on OPC processes might involve the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. When OPCs were cultured under differentiation condition (containing tri-iodothyronine, T3), blocking Nogo-A, OMgp or NgR could all inhibit the differentiation of OPCs, and this effect might involve the extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 (Erk1/2) signaling pathway. These results suggested that under proliferation environment, the functions of Nogo-A, OMgp and NgR expressed in OPCs might be to control the length of processes, thus maintaining the morphology of OPCs. While in differentiation environment, the functions of Nogo-A, OMgp and NgR expressed in OPCs turned to promote the differentiation of OPCs, thus facilitating the maturation of oligodendrocytes. And NgR, as the common receptor for Nogo-A and OMgp, might be the main molecule that mediated these functions in OPCs.


Subject(s)
Gene Expression Regulation , Myelin Proteins/genetics , Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/genetics , Oligodendroglia/metabolism , Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics , Stem Cells/metabolism , Animals , Cell Differentiation/genetics , Cells, Cultured , GPI-Linked Proteins/biosynthesis , GPI-Linked Proteins/genetics , GPI-Linked Proteins/physiology , Myelin Proteins/biosynthesis , Myelin Proteins/physiology , Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/biosynthesis , Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/physiology , Nogo Proteins , Nogo Receptor 1 , Oligodendroglia/physiology , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis , Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology , Stem Cells/physiology
4.
J Antibiot (Tokyo) ; 60(4): 272-6, 2007 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17456979

ABSTRACT

An unknown impurity named amphotericin B (2) (AmB(2)) isolated from amphotericin B (AmB) bulk material was identified as (1S,3S,5R,6R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-[(3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-beta-D-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-1-methyloxy-3,5,6,9,11,17,37-heptahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid according to the IUPAC. The structure was elucidated by various 1D and 2D NMR techniques, mass spectrometry and by comparison with the NMR data of AmB. Its activity against Candida albicans was evaluated by comparison with AmB.


Subject(s)
Amphotericin B/analysis , Antifungal Agents/analysis , Drug Contamination , Amphotericin B/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
5.
Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 22(5): 633-5, 2006 Sep.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16948913

ABSTRACT

AIM: To prepare rabbit antibody against LRR of Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) and identify its properties. METHODS: LRR protein was expressed in E.coli BL21. Rabbits were immunized with purified LRR protein to prepare anti-LRR antibody. The titer and specificity of prepared antibodies were identified by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. RESULTS: Purified rabbit anti-rat LRR antibody with high titer was obtained. The anti-LRR Ab showed good specificity and could be used to detect the NgR in rat brain and spinal cord tissues. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that NgR was expressed widely in spinal cord neurons. CONCLUSION: Successful preparation of anti-rat LRR antibody provides a useful tool for identification and further functional study of NgR molecule.


Subject(s)
Antibodies/analysis , Antibodies/immunology , Myelin Proteins/chemistry , Myelin Proteins/immunology , Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry , Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology , Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid , Animals , Antibody Specificity , Central Nervous System/cytology , Central Nervous System/metabolism , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , GPI-Linked Proteins , Gene Expression , Male , Myelin Proteins/analysis , Myelin Proteins/biosynthesis , Nogo Receptor 1 , Rabbits , Rats , Receptors, Cell Surface/analysis , Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis , Spinal Cord/cytology , Spinal Cord/metabolism
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