Prevalence, outcomes and associated factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in psoriasis patients of Southwest China: a cross-sectional survey.

In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in psoriasis patients, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated risk factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from February 2023 to March 2023. Information was obtained with online questionnaire about psoriasis patients on demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes, vaccination, and routine protection against COVID-19. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore risk factors with SARS-CoV-2 infection and exacerbation of psoriasis. A total of 613 participants were recruited. 516 (84.2%) were infected, and associated factors were sex, working status, routine protection against COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination, impaired nail, infection exacerbate psoriasis, and severity of psoriasis. Among the patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, 30 (5.8%) required hospitalization, 122 (23.6%) had psoriasis exacerbation due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and associated factors were subtype of psoriasis, discontinuation of psoriasis treatment during SARS-CoV-2 infection, response following COVID-19 vaccination, and severity of psoriasis. Booster dose vaccination contributed a low probability of COVID-19 sequelae. COVID-19 vaccine's effectiveness was unsatisfactory, while booster dose vaccination reduced the occurrence of COVID-19 sequelae in psoriasis patients of Southwest China. Patients treated with psoriasis shown to be safe, without a higher incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19hospitalization compared to untreated patients. Stopping treatment during SARS-CoV-2 infection led to psoriasis exacerbation, so psoriasis treatment could be continued except severe adverse reaction.

Correlation of chromosome damage and promoter methylation status of the DNA repair genes MGMT and hMLH1 in Chinese vinyl chloride monomer (VCM)-exposed workers.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of the methylation status of MGMT and hMLH1 with chromosome damage induced by vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Methylation of MGMT and hMLH1 was measured in 101 VCM-exposed workers by methylation-specific PCR. Chromosome damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes was measured by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The subjects were divided into chromosome damaged and non-damaged groups based on the normal reference value of micronuclei frequencies determined for two control groups. RESULTS: MGMT promoter methylation was detectable in 5 out of 49 chromosome damaged subjects, but not in the chromosome non-damaged subjects; there was a significant difference in MGMT methylation between the two groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We detected aberrant promoter methylation of MGMT in a small number of chromosome damaged VCM-exposed workers, but not in the chromosome non-damaged subjects. This preliminary observation warrants further investigation in a larger study.

DNA repair gene polymorphisms and micronucleus frequencies in Chinese workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer.

Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) is genotoxic and cancerogen agent. Individual variations in response to the exposure have been noticed and the variations may be due to genetic differences in the removal of VCM-DNA adducts, such as polymorphism in genes NER pathway and BER pathway. This study explores the relationship between genetic polymorphism of seven genes within the NER pathway (XPA, XPD, XPC, XPG, XPF, and ERCC1) and BER pathway (APE1), and susceptibility to chromosomal damage after exposure to VCM. One hundred and eighty workers occupationally exposed to VCM and 43 unexposed controls were investigated. Chromosome damage in peripheral lymphocytes was measured by the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay. PCR-RFLP technique was applied to detect polymorphisms of the seven genes. The influence of genotype, age, gender, cumulative exposure dose, alcohol consumption, and smoking status on the frequencies of MN was determined using univariate and multiple Poisson regression analyses. We found XPA A23G variant workers had significantly higher MN frequencies than those from the wild-type homozygous counterparts (P = 0.01). Those with the variant XPD Lys751Gln genotype had marginally higher MN frequencies (P = 0.07). On the other hand, XPC PAT and XPF 5'-UTR T2063A variant workers had significantly lower MN frequencies compared with those from their wild-type homozygous counterparts (P = 0.04 and P = 0.004, respectively). Our findings suggest that XPC PAT, XPD Lys751Gln, XPA A23G and XPF 5'-UTR T2063A contribute to the level of chromosome damage in occupational exposure to VCM in Chinese population.

[Genetic susceptibility of DNA damage induced by vinyl chloride monomer exposure].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between DNA damage induced by vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and polymorphisms of DNA repair genes and xenobiotic metabolism genes of VCM. METHODS: Comet assay was employed to detect DNA damage. Based on the status of DNA damage, the VCM exposure workers were divided into two groups: DNA damage group (75) and control group (75). Case-control design was used to investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms and DNA damage induced by VCM. Genotypes of XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln), XPD (Ile199Met, Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln) and CYP2E1 were identified by the PCR-RFLP. PCR assay was used to detect positive and null genotype of GSTT1 and GSTM1. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that the CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 and XPD751 Lys/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes were significantly associated with the increased levels of DNA damage, XRCCI 339 Arg/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes were significantly associated with the decreased levels of DNA damage (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that there was significant association between the genotypes of XRCC1 194, XRCC1 399, XPD 751, CYP2E1 and DNA damages. A prominent risk decreasing of DNA damage was observed for those individuals possessing XRCC1 399Arg/Gln + Gln/Gln genotypes (OR: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.12 approximately 1.01, respectively); The results also showed that there were significant associations between CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 and DNA damage both in high and low VCM-exposed groups (OR: 2.57, 95%CI: 1.01 approximately 6.59 and OR: 2.57, 95%CI: 0.99 approximately 6.87). CONCLUSION: Cumulative exposure dose and genotypes of XRCC1 194, XRCC1 399, XPD 751 and CYP2E1 may modulate the DNA damage induced by VCM exposure.

CYP2E1 mRNA expression, genetic polymorphisms in peripheral blood lymphocytes and liver abnormalities in Chinese VCM-exposed workers.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between expression of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in human lymphocytes, variant CYP2E1 genotype, exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), and liver abnormalities in VCM-exposed workers. METHODS: A case-control study was performed on 90 male occupationally exposed workers and 42 matched male nonexposed controls. Data were collected based on health surveillance, workplace investigation and questionnaire Survey. Total RNA and DNA were isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and CYP2E1 mRNA expression was determined using RT-PCR, and the presence of CYP2E1 polymorphisms was identified based on PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: The mRNA expression of CYP2E1 in exposed workers (0.89+/-0.46) was significantly higher than in nonexposed controls (0.61+/-0.35) (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between CYP2E1 mRNA expression levels and liver abnormalities in the VCM-exposed workers (OR = 3.66, P < 0.05). The genotype frequency for CYP2E1 variants among VCM-exposed workers was not significantly different between workers with liver abnormalities and those without. CONCLUSIONS: Liver abnormalities in subjects exposed to VCM are positively associated with expression of peripheral blood lymphocyte mRNA, which is significantly increased in exposed workers compared to nonexposed controls. Therefore, CYP2E1 mRNA levels may be useful for health surveillance and protection of VCM-exposed workers.

Polymorphisms and haplotypes of DNA repair and xenobiotic metabolism genes and risk of DNA damage in Chinese vinyl chloride monomer (VCM)-exposed workers.

In this case-control study, we investigated the association between DNA damage and genetic susceptibility among vinyl chloride monomer (VCM)-exposed workers. The cumulative exposure dose of VCM was calculated based on the workers' duration of exposure and the geometric mean concentration of VCM in the workplace. DNA damage to peripheral blood lymphocytes was measured by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, and single nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) in xenobiotic metabolism and DNA repair genes were detected by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Univariate analysis showed that the CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 and XPD751 Lys/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes were significantly associated with the levels of DNA damage (P<0.01 and 0.05, respectively). Further logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 and DNA damage, and risk of having increased levels of DNA damage was more pronounced in those individuals having XRCC1 194 mutant genotypes and/or XPD751 Lys/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes. Although most of the XPD and XRCC1 haplotypes did not show any significant difference, the XRCC1 haplotype Trp194-Arg280 was significantly over-represented in the case group (P<0.05; OR 2.09; 95% CI: 1.07-4.06) than in controls. Overall, our data suggest that the genotypes of CYP2E1, XRCC1 194, and XPD 751 were associated with the level of DNA damage and may contribute to individual sensitivity to DNA damage induced by VCM in the workplace.

Evaluation in vinyl chloride monomer-exposed workers and the relationship between liver lesions and gene polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes.

AIM: To analyze occupational health hazards exposure to doses lower than the Chinese occupational health standard in a selected VC polymerization plant in China, and also to elucidate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility on liver lesions of workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer(VCM). METHODS: In order to explore the mechanism of VCM-related health effects, we used a case-control design to investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes and liver lesions in workers occupationally exposed to VCM. Genotypes of CYP2E1, GSTT1, GSTM1, ALDH2 and ADH2 were identified using PCR and PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: Even when the concentration of VCM was lower than the current Chinese occupational health standard, neurasthenia, pharyngeal irritation, liver ultrasonography abnormalities and hemoglobin disorders were significantly higher in exposure subjects compared to non-exposure subjects, and the relative risks (RR and 95% CI) were 1.74 (1.06-2.85), 1.97 (1.56-2.48), 10.69 (4.38-26.12), and 2.07 (1.20-3.57). CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 genotype was significantly associated with liver damages (OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.51-7.20, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The incidences of neurasthenia and liver ultrasonography abnormalities significantly increase when the cumulative exposure dose increases. The genotypes of metabolic enzymes (CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2, null GSTT1 and ADH2 1-1) play important roles in VCM metabolism. Polymorphisms of CYP 2E1, GSTT1 and ADH2 may be a major reason of genetic susceptibility in VCM-induced hepatic damage.

[Progress in research on anthocyanidin components in Chinese traditional medicine against neoplasm].

Anthocyanidin is a type of the plant pigments distributed very extensively, in traditional Chinese herbal products as well. In this review was introduced the recently progress in the anti-cancer trials of anthocyanidins, including the anti-oxidation, the prevention of DNA strand scission, stimulation of cell differentiation, induction of cell apoptosis, interference of regulation of cell proliferation, anti-angiogenic property etc, and the research of anti-cancer mechanisms of anthocyanidin and its structure-activity relationship, pointed the foreground of research and development of anti-cancer medicine.

[Study on the relationship between DNA damage and polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes of vinyl chloride monomer-exposed workers].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between DNA damage induced by vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes of VCM. METHODS: Comet assay was employed to detect DNA damage, the workers were divided into two groups based on the status of DNA damage. Case-control design was used to investigate the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes and DNA damage. Genotypes of CYP2E1 c1/c2 and mEH4 His139Arg were identified by the PCR-RFLP, null genotypes of GST T1 and GST M1 were detected by PCR. RESULTS: The genotypes of CYP2E1 c1c2 and c2c2 were significantly associated with DNA damages (P < 0.01). A prominent risk increasing of DNA damage was observed for those individuals having a high or low VCM exposure and possessing the CYP2E1 c1c2 and c2c2 genotypes (OR 4.92, 95% CI 1.35-13.85 and OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.01-6.59). CONCLUSION: Cumulative exposure dose and polymorphism of metabolizing enzymes may modulate the DNA damage of VCM-exposed workers. possessing the CYP2E1 c1c2 and c2c2 genotypes (OR 4.92, 95% CI 1.35-13.85 and OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.01-6.59). CONCLUSION: Cumulative exposure dose and polymorphism of metabolizing enzymes may modulate the DNA damage of VCM-exposed workers.

[DNA damages of liver cells and expressions of DNA damage repair genes in rats exposed to vinyl chloride monomer].

OBJECTIVE: To study DNA damages of liver cells in rats exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), and the expressions of DNA damage repair enzymes including O(6)-methyl guanine-DNA methyl transferase (MGMT), X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3); and to explore the repair mechanism of DNA damage induced by VCM. METHODS: Rats were exposed to VCM by intraperitoneal injection. DNA damages were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). The expressions of DNA damage repair enzymes were measured by immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The percentages of comet cells in low, moderate, and high dose groups (11.75%, 12.38%, and 17.63%, respectively) were greater than that of control (5.67%). The latter two groups were significantly different from that of control (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The expressions of MGMT and XRCC1 decreased, and XRCC3 increased with the dose of VCM increased. DNA damage was correlated with the expression of XRCC3 (r = 0.438, P = 0.067). CONCLUSION: VCM can cause DNA damage of liver cells with dose-response relationship. DNA damage repair enzymes take part in the repairing of DNA damage induced by VCM.